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Chapter3a Hazards Identification

This document discusses hazard identification, risk assessment, and control. It defines a hazard as a source of potential harm and lists various hazard categories including safety, health, chemical, physical, biological, ergonomic, and psychosocial. The document explains that identifying hazards and assessing risks is important to prevent accidents. Common causes of accidents in the oil and gas industry are also presented, such as being struck by equipment or tools, overexertion from lifting or pulling/pushing heavy items, and slips/trips/falls. The root causes of accidents are discussed as being either system design defects like inadequate policies/procedures or system performance defects like failures to properly implement safety programs.

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16 views

Chapter3a Hazards Identification

This document discusses hazard identification, risk assessment, and control. It defines a hazard as a source of potential harm and lists various hazard categories including safety, health, chemical, physical, biological, ergonomic, and psychosocial. The document explains that identifying hazards and assessing risks is important to prevent accidents. Common causes of accidents in the oil and gas industry are also presented, such as being struck by equipment or tools, overexertion from lifting or pulling/pushing heavy items, and slips/trips/falls. The root causes of accidents are discussed as being either system design defects like inadequate policies/procedures or system performance defects like failures to properly implement safety programs.

Uploaded by

mohammed.bm106
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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IUTT

Faculty of Business & Finance


Oil & Gas Management
SEMSTER 5

Chapter 3
Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment and Control
Lecturer:
Mr. Mohammed Bahram Chapter 3a
Email : [email protected]
Hazard Identification
Objectives
Objectives:

• Explore the elements of an effective hazard identification and


control program.

• Discuss the steps in the hazard identification and control


process.

• Complete the hazard identification and control worksheet/


Standard Operating Procedure (SOP)
Hazard

A source of potential harm or a situation with a potential


to cause loss to people, property or environment.

• What are the effects?


Hazard Sources

Human Unsafe acts

Machinery Installation, layout and design of


equipment

Materials Chemicals or solvents used

Procedure The way employees perform work

Environment Work environment such as


air quality, lighting, noise, vibration
Hazard Categories
CATEGORIES TYPES OF HAZARD EXAMPLES
Safety physical injuries Slip, fall, cuts, bruises, recoiled
item, heights, etc.

Chemical hazard Acid, solvents, etc.


Physical hazard Current, noise, vibration, heat,
(mechanical + electrical) radiation, light, Power
Machinery or tools etc.
Health
Biological hazard Virus, fungi, bacteria, etc.
• immediate effect
• chronic effect Ergonomic hazard Incorrect posture, repetitive
movement, heavy load,
inadequate headroom, poor
lighting, etc.
Psychosocial hazard Stress, sexual harassment,
violence, lone worker, etc.
Hazard Categories
Chemical hazard
Hazard Categories
mechanical + electrical hazard
Hazard Categories
Biological hazard
Hazard Categories
Ergonomic hazard
Hazard Categories
Psychosocial hazard
Hazard Categories
• Every hazard has 1 or more risks associated with it.

• In General classification, Hazards can be divided to:


– obvious – unguarded machinery, heights, noise, vibration,
chemicals, etc.
– hidden – radiation, overpressure underground formation,
gases, potential energies, psychological, etc.
– developing – corrosion, leaking (oil or gas),

• Must identify hazard and risks – preventive measures


– before accidents happen

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Environmental Hazard

An environmental hazard is a type of hazard resulting


from chemical, biological, or physical agents either
from ongoing or previous human activity, or the hazard
may be a property present in the natural environment.

To better understand them, we can think of them as falling


into four categories: physical, chemical, biological, and
cultural
Hazard Exposure
What is “Exposure‘’?

How close are you to the "danger zone"? •

Physical exposure - generally arm’s length •

Environmental exposure - could be everyone in facility. •

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Identifying Hazards

It takes a hazard and someone


exposed to the hazard to
produce an accident.

Hazard + Exposure results in


An Accident

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Accident
Conditions and behaviors are just
the symptoms

• They are specific: if you can point to a person or a thing, it's a


physical symptom

• They may exist or be performed by anyone, anytime, anywhere.

• They may directly cause or contribute to an incident or accident.

• They likely represent the outputs of a flawed safety


management system.

• They are important clues revealing root causes.


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Accident

• Conditions account for 3 % of all


workplace accidents.

• Behaviors account for 95 % of all


workplace accidents.

• Uncontrollable acts account for 2_% of all


workplace accidents.

Conclusion: Management has some degree of control over


90% of the causes for all accidents in theworkplace!
- unsafe work practice
- lack of training
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Accident

Oil and Gas riggers


MOST DANGEROUS JOBS

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Accident
Most Common Accidents , 2006-2010
• Struck by pipes/ducts/bars, wrenches/hammers,
hoses, machine parts
• Overexertion while lifting pipes/ducts/bars,
boxes/bags, machine parts
• Overexertion while pulling/pushing wrenches,
hoses, machine parts
• Falling/jumping from a non-moving vehicle
• Fall from scaffold/stairs/ladder
• Slipping on ice or mud
• Tripping on matting/pipe/tarp/other
• Caught in drilling/other machinery
• Exposure to noise
13
WorkplaceAccident

• 2006 - 2010
• About one-
third of the claims are
hand and back
injuries.
• Working surface and
metal items represent
about 30% of the
claims.

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Identifying Root Causes of Accident

The underlying root causes must be


diagnosed and treated!

1- System Design Defects - Missing or inadequate


program development
• One or more inadequate policies, plans, programs,
processes, procedures, practices.

• Inadequate resources - money, time, people, materials, etc.

• Assures inadequate implementation of the safety


management system.

• Have the greatest positive or negative impact on the safety


management system.
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Identifying Root Causes ofAccident

2- System Performance Defects - Failure to


accomplish action plans

• Managers, supervisors, or employees fail toeffectively


carry out safety policies, plans, processes, procedures
or management practices.

• They produce common hazardous conditions and/or


unsafe behaviors.

• They produce repeated unique hazardous conditions


and/or unsafe behaviors.
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Identifying Root Causes ofAccident

2- System Performance Defects - Failure to


accomplish action plans

• Managers, supervisors, or employees fail toeffectively


carry out safety policies, plans, processes, procedures
or management practices.

• They produce common hazardous conditions and/or


unsafe behaviors.

• They produce repeated unique hazardous conditions


and/or unsafe behaviors.
16

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