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Wepik The Comprehensive Analysis of Osi and Tcpip Models Unveiling The Purpose Structure and Functiona 20240128161622zfu9

The document compares the OSI and TCP/IP networking models. It discusses: - The OSI model was developed by ISO to standardize protocols and facilitate interoperability, comprising 7 layers. TCP/IP emerged from ARPANET to enable communication over diverse systems and the internet, with 4 layers. - OSI follows a theoretical approach while TCP/IP is more practical, prioritizing implementation. Their layer functions and arrangements differ. - Both models divide networking into layers but OSI provides a framework while TCP/IP directly specifies protocols like TCP and IP. - They facilitate interoperability but OSI is more structured while TCP/IP reflects actual implementations and is more commonly used, especially for the internet.

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Souvik Pal
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14 views

Wepik The Comprehensive Analysis of Osi and Tcpip Models Unveiling The Purpose Structure and Functiona 20240128161622zfu9

The document compares the OSI and TCP/IP networking models. It discusses: - The OSI model was developed by ISO to standardize protocols and facilitate interoperability, comprising 7 layers. TCP/IP emerged from ARPANET to enable communication over diverse systems and the internet, with 4 layers. - OSI follows a theoretical approach while TCP/IP is more practical, prioritizing implementation. Their layer functions and arrangements differ. - Both models divide networking into layers but OSI provides a framework while TCP/IP directly specifies protocols like TCP and IP. - They facilitate interoperability but OSI is more structured while TCP/IP reflects actual implementations and is more commonly used, especially for the internet.

Uploaded by

Souvik Pal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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OSI and TCP/IP Models: Unveiling the Purpose,

Structure, and Functionalities. A Comparative Study on


Design Philosophy, Layer Functions, and Protocol
Specifications

Name: Souvik Pal


Stream: CSE [6th Semester]
Section: A [Roll - 60]
University Roll: 10900121064
Course Name: Computer Networks
Course Code: PCC-CS692
Introduction
The OSI (Open Systems
Interconnection) and TCP/IP
(Transmission Control Protocol/Internet
Protocol) models are foundational
frameworks in computer networking
and communication. They provide
structured approaches to
understanding and implementing
network protocols, ensuring
interoperability and efficient data
transmission across networks.
OSI Model Overview
Purpose: The OSI model was developed by the
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in the
late 1970s. Its primary objective was to standardize network
communication protocols to facilitate interoperability
among different systems and vendors.
Structure: The OSI model comprises seven layers, each
serving distinct functions:
Physical Layer: Deals with the physical connection between
devices and transmission of raw data.
Data Link Layer
Network Layer
Transport Layer
Session Layer
Presentation Layer
Application Layer
Functionalities: Each layer in the OSI model offers specific
services to the layer above it, abstracting the complexities
of lower layers.
TCP/IP Model Overview
Purpose: The TCP/IP model emerged from the ARPANET
project, funded by the Department of Defense (DoD) in the
1970s. Its primary goal was to enable communication
between diverse computer systems over a network,
particularly the emerging Internet.
Structure: The TCP/IP model consists of four layers,
sometimes grouped differently:
Application Layer
Transport Layer
Internet Layer
Link Layer (or Network Access Layer)
Functionalities:The TCP/IP model is more focused on
practical implementation and reflects the structure of the
Internet. Layers in the TCP/IP model are not as strictly
separated as those in the OSI model.Protocols like TCP
(Transmission Control Protocol), IP (Internet Protocol), UDP
(User Datagram Protocol), and ICMP (Internet Control
Message Protocol) are integral to the TCP/IP model.
Design Philosophy:
Comparison Study OSI: The OSI model follows a theoretical approach,
emphasizing standardization and conceptual
clarity.
TCP/IP: In contrast, the TCP/IP model adopts a
practical approach, prioritizing real-world
implementation and interoperability.
Layer Functions:
Both models address similar networking concepts,
including addressing, routing, and data
transmission.However, the number and
arrangement of layers differ between OSI and
TCP/IP models.
Protocol Specifications:
OSI: The OSI model provides a framework for the
development of protocols but does not specify
them directly.
TCP/IP: Protocols like TCP, IP, UDP, and ICMP are
directly specified within the TCP/IP model,
reflecting its practical nature.
Similarities and Differences
Similarities:
Both OSI and TCP/IP models divide the network
communication process into layers for easier
understanding and development.They facilitate
interoperability among different network devices
and systems.Concepts like addressing, routing, and
error detection are addressed in both models.

Differences:
OSI has seven layers, while TCP/IP has four (or
sometimes five) layers.The OSI model offers a more
structured and theoretical approach, whereas the
TCP/IP model is more pragmatic and reflects actual
implementation.TCP/IP is more commonly used in
practice, particularly in the context of the Internet.
Conclusion

In conclusion, the OSI and TCP/IP models


serve as essential frameworks for
understanding and implementing
network protocols. While they share
common objectives, their approaches,
layer structures, and implementations
differ significantly. Understanding both
models is crucial for professionals in the
networking field to design, implement,
and troubleshoot modern computer
networks.

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