Cambridge IGCSE™

* 7 8 3 6 3 3 0 1 1 9 *

PHYSICAL EDUCATION 0413/13

Paper 1 Theory October/November 2022

1 hour 45 minutes

You must answer on the question paper.

No additional materials are needed.

INSTRUCTIONS
● Answer all questions.
● Use a black or dark blue pen. You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs.
● Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the boxes at the top of the page.
● Write your answer to each question in the space provided.
● Do not use an erasable pen or correction fluid.
● Do not write on any bar codes.
● You may use a calculator.
● You should show all your working and use appropriate units.

INFORMATION
● The total mark for this paper is 100.
● The number of marks for each question or part question is shown in brackets [ ].

This document has 16 pages. Any blank pages are indicated.

DC (RW/CB) 302914/2
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1 (a) Complete the table to identify the type of synovial joint and some possible types of movement
at the named joints.

joint type of synovial joint some possible types of movement

ankle hinge

knee flexion extension

flexion extension

hip

[6]

(b) Describe how a pair of named muscles work together to cause flexion and extension at the
hip joint.

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[Total: 11]

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2 (a) Identify a function of each of the following in maintaining performance during a long‑distance
race:

(i) carbohydrates

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..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) water.

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..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) State two carbohydrate‑rich food sources.

1 ................................................................................................................................................

2 ................................................................................................................................................
[2]

[Total: 4]

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3 The diagram shows the sports development pyramid.

(a) Identify the levels in the sports development pyramid labelled 4 to 1.

4 ................................................................................................................................................

3 ................................................................................................................................................

2 ................................................................................................................................................

1 ................................................................................................................................................
[4]

(b) Suggest four characteristics of the level labelled 4 in the sports development pyramid.

1 ................................................................................................................................................

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2 ................................................................................................................................................

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3 ................................................................................................................................................

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4 ................................................................................................................................................

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[4]

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(c) Suggest ways that schools can affect the number of performers at the levels labelled 1 and 2
in the sports development pyramid.

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[Total: 13]

4 (a) Describe three short‑term effects of exercise on a performer.

1 ................................................................................................................................................

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2 ................................................................................................................................................

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3 ................................................................................................................................................

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[3]

(b) Explain how EPOC allows the body to recover after intense exercise.

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[Total: 6]
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5 (a) Define fitness.

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............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(b) The photograph shows performers in taekwondo.

Speed is one component of fitness that a taekwondo performer requires to kick their opponent.

Other than speed, describe how three named components of fitness can benefit a performer
in taekwondo.

component of fitness 1 .............................................................................................................

benefit .......................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

component of fitness 2 .............................................................................................................

benefit .......................................................................................................................................

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component of fitness 3 .............................................................................................................

benefit .......................................................................................................................................

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[6]

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(c) Describe how to carry out a named test to measure speed.

name of test ..............................................................................................................................

description ................................................................................................................................

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[4]

(d) Suggest reasons why a coach would carry out fitness testing on a performer.

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[Total: 15]

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6 Complete the table to identify two other types of guidance. Describe a different advantage of each
type of guidance for a performer in the cognitive stage of learning.

type of guidance advantage

visual performer can form a mental picture of the skill

[4]

7 Success in sport requires performers to have high levels of motivation.

(a) Describe what is meant by motivation.

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............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(b) Explain how two named types of motivation can affect a performer’s training.

type of motivation 1 ..................................................................................................................

explanation ...............................................................................................................................

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type of motivation 2 ..................................................................................................................

explanation ...............................................................................................................................

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[4]

[Total: 5]

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8 (a) Identify three types of performance‑enhancing drug (PED). Explain how each type of PED
can benefit performance in different named physical activities.

type of PED 1 ...........................................................................................................................

physical activity 1 ......................................................................................................................

explanation ...............................................................................................................................

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type of PED 2 ...........................................................................................................................

physical activity 2 ......................................................................................................................

explanation ...............................................................................................................................

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type of PED 3 ...........................................................................................................................

physical activity 3 ......................................................................................................................

explanation ...............................................................................................................................

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[6]

(b) Suggest two reasons, other than benefits to performance, why a performer might take
prohibited PEDs.

1 ................................................................................................................................................

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2 ................................................................................................................................................

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[2]

(c) Suggest two different health risks for a performer from taking prohibited PEDs.

1 ................................................................................................................................................

2 ................................................................................................................................................
[2]

[Total: 10]

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9 (a) The diagram shows the structure of the respiratory system.

Identify A, B and C.

A ...............................................................................................................................................

B ...............................................................................................................................................

C ...............................................................................................................................................
[3]

(b) Explain how three characteristics of the alveoli assist gaseous exchange.

characteristic 1 .........................................................................................................................

explanation ...............................................................................................................................

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characteristic 2 .........................................................................................................................

explanation ...............................................................................................................................

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characteristic 3 .........................................................................................................................

explanation ...............................................................................................................................

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[6]

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(c) Complete the table to describe the function of the intercostal muscles and the function of the
diaphragm during inhalation (breathing in) and during exhalation (breathing out).

function during inhalation (breathing in) function during exhalation (breathing out)

intercostal
muscles

diaphragm

[4]

[Total: 13]

10 Complete the table to:

• identify the two main muscle fibre types

• state the type of respiration used to release energy for each muscle fibre type
• describe an example of how each muscle fibre type may benefit performance in one named
physical activity.

example of how each muscle fibre type may benefit

main type of respiration performance in one named physical activity
muscle used to release
fibre type energy
physical activity ...............................................................

[6]

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11 Fartlek training is one method of training.

(a) Describe fartlek training.

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(b) (i) Suggest two advantages of using fartlek training.

1 ........................................................................................................................................

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2 ........................................................................................................................................

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[2]

(ii) Suggest one disadvantage of using fartlek training.

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..................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 5]

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12 (a) The table shows the percentage of males and females in an area who participate in different
physical activities.

physical activity male / % female / %

swimming 12 17
golf 17 3
football 13 2
cycling 6 3

Use the data in the table to complete parts of the bar chart by:

• drawing the missing bars for cycling

• adding the missing physical activity label for which the bars have already been drawn.

20

18

16

14

12
participation rate
10
/%

0
M F M F M F
swimming cycling _______
physical activity
[2]

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(b) Gender can affect access to physical activity.

Explain how two other factors can affect participation rate.

factor 1 ......................................................................................................................................

explanation ...............................................................................................................................

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factor 2 ......................................................................................................................................

explanation ...............................................................................................................................

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[4]

[Total: 6]

13 Skills can be classified using the fine and gross skill continuum.

Identify two other skill continua.

continuum 1 ............................................................... and ..............................................................

continuum 2 ............................................................... and ..............................................................

[2]

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at www.cambridgeinternational.org after the live examination series.

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Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is a department of the University of Cambridge.

© UCLES 2022 0413/13/O/N/22