GLK12232-25

Including GLK12232-25-USB

Technical Manual
Revision 3.1

PCB Revision: 3.0 or Higher

Firmware Revision: 5.8 or Higher

Command Summary 1
Revision History
Revision Date Description Author
3.1 November 23, 2015 Initial Release Divino
0.2 Updated Images Clark
0.1 Initial Concept Clark

2 Command Summary
Contents
1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................... 5
2 Quick Connect Guide.................................................................................................................................. 6
2.1 Available Headers ............................................................................................................................... 6
2.2 Standard Module ................................................................................................................................ 7
Recommended Parts ............................................................................................................................. 7
Serial Connections................................................................................................................................. 7
I2C Connections ..................................................................................................................................... 8
2.3 USB Module ........................................................................................................................................ 9
Recommended Parts ............................................................................................................................. 9
USB Connections ................................................................................................................................... 9
3 Software ................................................................................................................................................... 10
3.1 MOGD# ............................................................................................................................................. 10
3.2 Application Notes.............................................................................................................................. 11
4 Hardware.................................................................................................................................................. 12
4.1 Standard Model ................................................................................................................................ 12
I2C Communication/Power Header ..................................................................................................... 12
4.2 USB Model......................................................................................................................................... 12
Mini USB Connector ............................................................................................................................ 12
Alternate USB Header ......................................................................................................................... 12
4.3 Common Features ............................................................................................................................. 13
General Purpose Outputs ................................................................................................................... 13
Keypad Header .................................................................................................................................... 13
Protocol Select Jumpers ...................................................................................................................... 14
Hardware Lock .................................................................................................................................... 14
5 Troubleshooting ....................................................................................................................................... 15
5.1 Power ................................................................................................................................................ 15
5.2 Display ............................................................................................................................................... 15
5.3 Communication ................................................................................................................................. 15
5.4 Manual Override ............................................................................................................................... 16
6 Commands ............................................................................................................................................... 17

Command Summary 3
 6.1 Communication ................................................................................................................................. 17
6.2 Text.................................................................................................................................................... 18
6.3 Drawing ............................................................................................................................................. 19
6.4 Fonts.................................................................................................................................................. 21
Font File Creation ................................................................................................................................ 22
6.5 Bitmaps ............................................................................................................................................. 23
Bitmap File Creation............................................................................................................................ 24
6.6 General Purpose Output ................................................................................................................... 25
6.7 Keypad............................................................................................................................................... 25
6.8 Display Functions .............................................................................................................................. 27
6.9 Filesystem ......................................................................................................................................... 28
File Transfer Protocol .......................................................................................................................... 29
6.10 Data Security ................................................................................................................................... 30
6.11 Miscellaneous ................................................................................................................................. 31
7 Appendix .................................................................................................................................................. 33
7.1 Command Summary ......................................................................................................................... 33
7.2 Block Diagram ................................................................................................................................... 35
7.3 Environmental Specifications............................................................................................................ 36
7.4 Electrical Tolerances ......................................................................................................................... 36
7.5 Dimensional Drawings ...................................................................................................................... 37
7.6 Optical Characteristics ...................................................................................................................... 39
8 Ordering ................................................................................................................................................... 39
8.1 Part Numbering Scheme ................................................................................................................... 39
8.2 Options .............................................................................................................................................. 39
8.3 Accessories ........................................................................................................................................ 40
9 Definitions ................................................................................................................................................ 41
10 Contact ................................................................................................................................................... 41

4 Command Summary
1 Introduction

Figure 1: GLK12232-25 Display

The GLK12232-25 is an intelligent graphic liquid crystal display engineered to quickly and easily add an
elegant creativity to any application. In addition to the RS232, TTL and I2C protocols available in the
standard model, a USB communication model allows the GLK12232-25 to be connected to a wide
variety of host controllers. Communication speeds of up to 115.2kbps for serial protocols and 100kbps
for I2C ensure lightning fast text and graphic display.

The simple command structure permits easy software control of many settings including backlight
brightness, screen contrast, and baud rate. On board memory provides 16KB of customizable fonts and
bitmaps to enhance the graphical user experience.

User input on the GLK12232-25 is available through a five by five matrix style keypad. Two general
purpose outputs provide simple switchable five volt sources on each model.

The versatile GLK12232-25, with all the features mentioned above, is available in a variety of colour and
temperature options to suit almost any application.

Command Summary 5
2 Quick Connect Guide
2.1 Available Headers

Figure 2: GLK12232-25 Standard Module Header Locations

Figure 3: GLK12232-25 USB Model Header Locations

Table 1: List of Available Headers

# Header Mate Population

1 Communication/Power Connector ESCCPC5V/BBC Standard Model Only
2 Keypad KPP4x4 USB Model Only
3 GPO Header None Offered All Models
4 Mini USB Connector EXTMUSB3FT/INTMUSB3FT All Models

6 Command Summary
2.2 Standard Module
The standard version of the GLK12232-25 allows for user configuration of two common communication
protocols. First, the unit can communicate using serial protocol at either RS323 or TTL voltage levels.
Second, it can communicate using the Inter-Integrated Circuit connect, or I2C protocol. Connections for
each protocol can be accessed through the four pin Communication/Power Header as outlined in the
Serial Connections and I2C Connections sections below.

Recommended Parts
The most common cable choice for any standard Matrix Orbital
display, the Extended Communication/ Power Cable offers a simple
connection to the unit with familiar interfaces. DB9 and floppy power
headers provide all necessary input to drive your display.

Figure 4: Extended Communication/Power

Cable (ESCCPC5V)

For a more flexible interface to the GLK12232-25 , a Breadboard Cable

may be used. This provides a simple four wire connection that is
popular among developers for its ease of use in a breadboard
environment.

Figure 5: Breadboard Cable (BBC)

Serial Connections
Serial protocol provides a classic connection to the GLK12232-25 . The Communication/Power Cable is
most commonly used for this set up as it provides connections for DB9 serial and floppy power cables.
To place your board in Serial mode, adhere to the steps laid out below.

1. Set the Protocol Select jumpers.

 RS232: Connect the five jumpers* in the 232 protocol box with the zero ohm jumper resistors
provided or an alternate wire or solder solution.
 TTL: Connect the four jumpers* in the TTL protocol box.

*Note: Jumpers must be removed from all protocol boxes save for the one in use.

Command Summary 7
2. Make the connections.
a. Connect the six pin female header of the Communication/Power Cable to the
Communication/Power Header of your GLK12232-25 .
b. Insert the male end of your serial cable to the corresponding DB9 header of the
Communication/Power Cable and the mate the female connector with the desired
communication port of your computer.
c. Select an unmodified floppy cable from a PC power supply and connect it to the power header
of the Communication/Power Cable.
3. Create.
 MOGD# or a terminal program will serve to get you started, and then you can move on with
your own development. Instructions for the former can be found below and a variety of
application notes are available for the latter at www.matrixorbital.ca/appnotes.

I2C Connections
A more advanced connection to the GLK12232-25 is provided by the I2C protocol setting. This is best
accomplished using a breadboard and the Breadboard Cable. Power must be supplied from your
breadboard or another external source. To dive right into your application and use the GLK12232-25 in
I2C mode, get started with the guidelines below.

1. Set the Protocol Select switches.

 I2C: Ensure that the two I2C jumpers in the corresponding protocol box are connected while all
others are open.
2. Make the connections.
a. Connect the Breadboard Cable to the Communication/Power Header on your GLK12232-25
and plug the four leads into your breadboard. The red lead will require power, while the black
should be connected to ground, and the green and yellow should be connected to your
controller clock and data lines respectively.
b. Pull up the clock and data lines to five volts using a resistance between one and ten kilohms on
your breadboard.
3. Create.
 This time you're on your own. While there are many examples within the Matrix Orbital
AppNote section, www.matrixorbital.ca/appnotes, too many controllers and languages exist to
cover them all. If you get stuck in development, it is possible to switch over to another protocol
on the standard board, and fellow developers are always on our forums for additional support.

8 Command Summary
2.3 USB Module
The GLK12232-25-USB offers a single USB protocol for easy connection to a host computer. The simple
and widely available protocol can be accessed using the on board mini B style USB connector as outlined
in the USB Connections section.

Recommended Parts
The External Mini USB cable is recommended for the GLK12232-25-USB
display. It will connect to the miniB style header on the unit and provide a
connection to a regular A style USB connector, commonly found on a PC.

Figure 6: Mini USB Cable

(EXTMUSB3FT)

USB Connections
The USB connection is the quickest, easiest solution for PC development. After driver installation, the
GLK12232-25-USB will be accessible through a virtual serial port, providing the same result as a serial
setup without the cable hassle. To connect to your GLK12232-25-USB please follow the steps below.

1. Set the Protocol Select jumpers.

 USB: The GLK12232-25-USB offers USB protocol only. Model specific hardware prevents this
unit from operating in any other protocol, and does not allow other models to operate in USB.
Protocol Select jumpers on the USB model cannot be moved.
2. Make the connections.
 Plug the mini-B header of your External Mini USB cable into your GLK12232-25-USB and the
regular USB header into your computer USB jack.
3. Install the drivers.
a. Download the latest drivers at www.matrixorbital.ca/drivers, and save them to a known
location.
b. When prompted, install the USB bus controller driver automatically
c. If asked, continue anyway, even though the driver is not signed
d. When the driver install is complete, your display will turn on, but communication will not yet be
possible.
e. At the second driver prompt, install the serial port driver automatically
f. Again, if asked, continue anyway
4. Create.
 Use MOGD# or a terminal program to get started, and then move on with your own
development. Instructions for the former can be found below and a number of application
notes are available for the latter at www.matrixorbital.ca/appnotes.

Command Summary 9
3 Software
The multiple communication protocols available and simple command structure of the GLK12232-25
means that a variety of applications can be used to communicate with the display. Text is sent to the
display as a character string, for example, sending the decimal value 41 will result in an 'A' appearing on
the screen. A single control character is also available. Commands are merely values prefixed with a
special command byte, 254 in decimal.

Table 2: Reserved Control Characters

Control Characters
7 Bell / Sound Buzzer 10 Line feed / New line

Once the correct communication port is identified, the following communication settings can be applied
to communicate correctly with the GLK12232-25 .

Table 3: Communication Settings

BPS Data Bits Parity Stop Bits Flow Control

19200 8 None 1 None

Finally, with a communication port identified and correctly setup simple text strings or even command
bytes can easily be transmitted to control your display.

3.1 MOGD#
The Matrix Orbital Graphic Display interface, MOGD#, is offered as a free download from
www.matrixorbital.ca/software/software_graphic. It provides a simple graphical interface that allows
settings, fonts, and bitmaps to be easily customised for any application.

While monochromatic bitmaps can easily be created in virtually any image editing program, MOGD#
provides an extensive font generation suite to stylize your display to any project design. In addition to
standard font wide modifications, character ranges can be specified by start and end values to eliminate
unused symbols, and individual glyphs can be modified with a double click. Finally, text spacing can be
tailored and a complete font library built with your Matrix Orbital graphic display.

Like uProject, MOGD# offers a scripting capability that provides the ability to stack, run, and save a
series of commands. The most basic function is the Send Numeric tool which is used to transmit a string
of values to the display to write text or execute a command.

10 Command Summary
 Figure 7: MOGD# Command Example

Again, the clear screen command is sent to a connected display, this time using the MOGD# Send
Numeric function command style. Scripts can be run as a whole using the Play button from the toolbar
or as single commands by selecting Step; once executed it must be Reset. Before issuing commands, it is
a good idea to ensure communication with a display is successful using the autodetect button.

This program provides both a staging areas for your graphics display and a proving ground that will
prepare it for any application environment.

3.2 Application Notes

Full demonstration programs and code are available for Matrix Orbital displays in the C# language from
Simple C# AppNote Pack in the Application Note section at www.matrixorbital.ca/appnotes. Difficulty
increases from beginner, with the Hello World program, to advanced with the Dallas One-Wire
temperature reading application.

Many additional applications are available in a number of different programming languages. These
programs are meant to showcase the capability of the display and are not intended to be integrated into
a final design. For additional information regarding code, please read the On Code document also found
on the support site.

Command Summary 11
4 Hardware
4.1 Standard Model

I2C Communication/Power Header

2
Table 4: I C Communication/Power Pinout

Pin Function
1 Vcc
2 Rx (SCL)
3 Tx (SDA)
Figure 8: I2C Communication/Power Header
4 Gnd
Voltage is applied through pins one and four of the header, please reference the electrical specifications
before applying power. Pins two and three are reserved for I2C clock and data signals respectively, both
of which should be pulled up to five volts using a resistance between one and ten kilohms. The Tyco
640456-4-LF style header used can be mated to a number of connectors, including Molex 22-01-3047.

4.2 USB Model

Mini USB Connector

Table 5: Mini USB Pinout

Pin Function
1 Vcc
2 D-
3 D+
Figure 9: Mini USB Connector
5 Gnd

The GLK12232-25-USB -USB comes with a familiar Mini USB Connector to fulfill both communication and
power needs. The standard MiniB style header can be connected to any other USB style using the
appropriate cable. Most commonly used with a PC, this connection creates a virtual com port that
offers a simple power solution with a familiar communication scheme.

Alternate USB Header

Some advanced applications may prefer the straight four pin connection offered through the Optional
Alternate USB Header. This header offers power and communication access in a simple interface
package. The Optional Alternate USB Header may be added to the GLK12232-25-USB for an added
charge as part of a custom order. Please use the Contact section to request more information from the
friendly Matrix Orbital sales team.

12 Command Summary
4.3 Common Features

General Purpose Outputs

Table 6: GPO Pinout

Pin Function
1 GPO 1
2 GND
3 GPO 2
Figure 10: GPO Header 4 GND

A unique feature of the GLK12232-25 is the ability to control relays* and other external devices using
either one of two General Purpose Outputs. Each can source up to 20mA of current at five volts when
on or sink 20mA at zero volts when off. The straight, four pin header can be interfaced to a number of
female connectors to provide control to any peripheral devices required.

*Note: If connecting a relay, be sure that it is fully clamped using a diode and capacitor in order to absorb any
electro-motive force (EMF) which will be generated.

Keypad Header

Table 7: Keypad Pinout

Pin Function Pin Function

1 Gnd 7 Column 1
2 Row 1 8 Column 2
3 Row 2 9 Column 3
Figure 11: Keypad Header 4 Row 3 10 Column 4
5 Row 4 11 Column 5
6 Row 5 12 Gnd/Vcc*

To facilitate user input, the GLK12232-25 provides a Keypad Interface Connector which allows a matrix
style keypad of up to twenty-five keys to be directly connected to the display module. Key presses are
generated when a short is detected between a row and a column. When a key press is generated, a
character specific to that key press is automatically sent on the Tx communication line. If a synchronous
read method is desired in serial mode*, the “Auto Transmit Keypress” function can be turned off to
allow the key presses to remain in the buffer so that they may be polled. The character that is
associated with each key press may also be altered using the “Assign Key Codes” command. The straight
twelve pin header of the Keypad Interface Connector will interface to a variety of different devices
including the Matrix Orbital KPP4x4 keypad.
2
*Note: In I C mode, the “Auto Transmit Keypress” function should always be on, keypresses should not be polled.

**Note: The Ground / +5V pin is toggled by the jumper above the right of the keypad connector. Jump pads 1 & 2
for GND or 2 & 3 for +5V.

Command Summary 13
Protocol Select Jumpers

Figure 12: Protocol select Jumpers

The Protocol Select Jumpers provide the means necessary to toggle the GLK12232-25 between RS-232,
TTL and I²C protocols. As a default, the jumpers are set to RS-232 mode with solder jumps on the RS232
jumpers. In order to place the display module in I²C mode you must first remove the solder jumps from
the RS232 jumpers and then place them on the I2C jumpers. The display will now be in I²C mode and
have a default slave address of 80, unless changed with the appropriate command. Similarly, in order to
change the display to TTL mode, simply remove the zero ohm resistors from the RS232 or I²C jumpers
and solder them to the TTL jumpers. Protocol resistors should be set to TTL for USB, and cannot be
moved.

Hardware Lock

Figure 13: FileSystem Lock Jumper

The Hardware Lock allows fonts, bitmaps, and settings to be saved, unaltered by any commands. By
connecting the two pads near the memory chip with a zero ohm resistor, the display will be locked. This
supersedes the data lock command and cannot be circumvented by any software means. To unlock the
display and make changes simply remove the jumper.

14 Command Summary
5 Troubleshooting
5.1 Power
In order for your Matrix Orbital display to function correctly, it must be supplied with the appropriate
power. If the power LED near the top right corner of the board is not illuminated, power is not applied
correctly. Try following the tips below.

 First, check the power cable which you are using for continuity. If you don't have an ohm meter,
try using a different power cable, if this does not help try using a different power supply.
 If power is applied through the DB9 connector, ensure that the Power Through DB9 Jumper is
connected.
 If changes have been made to the protocol select block, ensure all the appropriate protocol
select jumpers are connected and all unused protocol jumpers are disconnected.
 The last step will be to check the interface connector in use on your display. If the power
connections have become loose, or you are unable to resolve the issue, please Contact Matrix
Orbital for more information.

5.2 Display
If your display is powered successfully, the Matrix Orbital logo, or user created screen should display on
start up. If this is not the case, check out these tips.

• Ensure the contrast is not too high or too low. This can result in a darkened or blank screen
respectively. See the Manual Override section to reset to default.
• Make sure that the start screen is not blank. It is possible to overwrite the Matrix Orbital logo
start screen, if this happens the screen may be blank. Try writing to the display to ensure it is
functional, after checking the contrast above.

5.3 Communication
When communication of either text or commands is interrupted, try the steps below.

• First, check the communication cable for continuity. If you don't have an ohm meter, try using a
different communication cable. If you are using a PC try using a different Com/USB Port.
• Next, please ensure that the display module is set to communicate on the protocol that you are
using, by checking the Protocol Select Jumpers.
• In serial and USB protocols, ensure that the host system and display module are both
communicating on the same baud rate. The default rate for the display module is 19200 bps.
• Match Rx from your display to the transmitting pin from your host and the Tx pin to the
receiving pin.
• If you are communicating to the display via I²C* please ensure that the data is being sent to the
correct address. The default slave address for the display module is 80.

Command Summary 15
 • In I2C mode, connect Rx to the clock line of your controller and Tx to the data output.
• Unlock the display. See the Set and Save Data Lock command for more info.
• Finally, you may reset the display to its default settings using the Manual Override procedure
outlined below.

*Note: I²C communication will always require pull up resistors on SCL and SDA of one to ten kilohms.

5.4 Manual Override

Should the settings of your display become altered in a way that dramatically impacts usability, the
default settings can be temporarily restored. To override the display, please follow the steps below.

1. Disconnect power from your display.

2. Place a jumper on the two manual override pins, for the GLK12232-25 model these are the middle
two keypad pins.
3. Reconnect power to your unit, and wait for the start screen before removing the jumper. Please
note the jumper will adversely affect performance if left in place during use.
4. Settings will be temporarily** overridden to the defaults listed in the Manual Override Settings
table. At this point any important settings, such as contrast, backlight, or baud rate, should not only
be set but saved so they remain when the override is removed.

Parameter Value
Backlight 255
Contrast 128
Baud Rate 19200
2
I C Address 80
Table 8: Manual Override Settings

**Note: The display module will revert back to the old settings once turned off, unless desired settings are saved.

16 Command Summary
6 Commands
6.1 Communication
1.1 Change Dec 254 57 Speed v5.8
Baud Rate Hex FE 39 Speed
ASCII ■ 9 Speed
Immediately changes the baud rate. Not available in I2C. Baud rate can be temporarily forced to 19200 by a
manual override.
Speed Byte Valid settings shown below.

Table 9: Accepted Baud Rate Values

Rate 9600 14400 19200 28800 38400 57600 76800 115200

Speed 207 138 103 68 51 34 25 16

1.2 Change I2C Dec 254 51 Address v5.8

Slave Address Hex FE 33 Address
ASCII ■ 3 Address
Immediately changes the I2C write address. Only even values are permitted as the next odd address will become
the read address. Default is 80.
Address Byte Even value.

1.3 Set a Non-Standard Dec 254 164 Speed v5.0

Baud Rate Hex FE A4 Speed
ASCII ■ ñ Speed
Immediately changes the baud rate to a non-standard value. Speed must be a whole number between 977 and
153800. Due to rounding, error increases with baud rate, actual baud must be within 3% of desired baud to ensure
accurate communication. Not available in I2C. Can be temporarily forced to 19200 by a manual override.
Speed Short Calculations shown below, standard crystal speed is 16MHz.

𝐶𝑟𝑦𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 𝐶𝑟𝑦𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑
𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 = −1 𝐴𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙𝐵𝑎𝑢𝑑 =
(8 × 𝐷𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑑𝐵𝑎𝑢𝑑) (8 × (𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 + 1))
Equation 1: Speed Byte Calculation Equation 2: Actual Baud Rate Calculation
|𝐷𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑑𝐵𝑎𝑢𝑑 − 𝐴𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙𝐵𝑎𝑢𝑑|
< 0.03
𝐷𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑑𝐵𝑎𝑢𝑑

Equation 3: Baud Rate Error Calculation

1.4 Turn Software Dec 254 58 AlmostFull AlmostEmpty v5.8

Flow Control On Hex FE 3A AlmostFull AlmostEmpty
ASCII ■ : AlmostFull AlmostEmpty
Enables simple flow control. The display will return a single, Xoff, byte to the host when the display buffer is
almost full and a different, Xon, byte when the buffer is almost empty. Full value should provide enough room for
the largest data packet to be received without buffer overflow. No data should be sent to the display between full
and empty responses to permit processing. Buffer size is 256* bytes. Not available in I2C. Default off.
AlmostFull Byte Number of bytes remaining before buffer is completely full. Value between 0 and 128.
AlmostEmpty Byte Number of bytes before buffer can be considered empty enough to accept data.

Command Summary 17
1.5 Turn Dec 254 59 v5.8
Software Flow Hex FE 3B
Control Off ASCII ■;
Disables flow control. Bytes sent to the display may be permitted to overflow the buffer resulting in data loss.

6.2 Text
2.1 Clear Dec 254 88 v5.8
Screen Hex FE 58
ASCII ■X
Clears the contents of the screen.

2.2 Go Dec 254 72 v5.8

Home Hex FE 48
ASCII ■H
Returns the cursor to the top left of the screen.

2.3 Set Cursor Dec 254 71 Column Row v5.8

Position Hex FE 47 Column Row
ASCII ■ G Column Row
Sets the cursor to a specific cursor position where the next transmitted character is printed.
Column Byte Value between 1 and number of character columns.
Row Byte Value between 1 and number of character rows.

2.4 Set Cursor Dec 254 121 X Y v5.8

Coordinate Hex FE 79 X Y
ASCII ■y X Y
Sets the cursor to an exact pixel position where the next transmitted character is printed.
X Byte Value between 1 and screen width, represents leftmost character position.
Y Byte Value between 1 and screen height, represents topmost character position.

2.5 Auto Scroll Dec 254 81 v5.8

On Hex FE 51
ASCII ■Q
The entire contents of screen are shifted up one line when the end of the screen is reached. Display default is on.

2.6 Auto Scroll Dec 254 82 v5.8

Off Hex FE 52
ASCII ■R
New text is written over the top line when the end of the screen is reached. Display default is Auto Scroll on.

18 Command Summary
6.3 Drawing
3.1 Set Drawing Dec 254 99 Colour v5.8
Colour Hex FE 63 Colour
ASCII ■ c Colour
Set the colour to be used for all future drawing commands that do not implicitly specify colour.
Colour Byte 0 for background or any other value for text colour.

3.2 Draw Dec 254 112 X Y v5.8

Pixel Hex FE 70 X Y
ASCII ■p X Y
Draw a single pixel at the specified coordinate using the current drawing colour.
X Byte Horizontal position of pixel to be drawn, zero indexed from left.
Y Byte Vertical position of pixel to be drawn, zero indexed from top.

3.3 Draw a Dec 254 108 X1 Y1 X2 Y2 v5.8

Line Hex FE 6C X1 Y1 X2 Y2
ASCII ■ l X1 Y1 X2 Y2
Draw a line connecting two termini. Lines may be rendered differently when drawn right to left versus left to right.
X1 Byte Horizontal coordinate of the first terminus, zero indexed from left.
Y1 Byte Vertical coordinate of the first terminus, zero indexed from top.
X2 Byte Horizontal coordinate of second the terminus, zero indexed from left.
Y2 Byte Vertical coordinate of second the terminus, zero indexed from top.

3.4 Continue a Dec 254 101 X Y v5.8

Line Hex FE 65 X Y
ASCII ■e X Y
Draw a line from the last point drawn to the coordinate specified using the current drawing colour.
X Byte Left coordinate of the terminus, zero indexed from left.
Y Byte Top coordinate of the terminus, zero indexed from top.

3.5 Draw a Dec 254 114 Colour X1 Y1 X2 Y2 v5.8

Rectangle Hex FE 72 Colour X1 Y1 X2 Y2
ASCII ■ r Colour X1 Y1 X2 Y2
Draw a rectangular frame one pixel wide using the colour specified; current drawing colour is ignored.
Colour Byte 0 for background or any other value for text colour.
X1 Byte Leftmost coordinate of the rectangle, zero indexed from left.
Y1 Byte Topmost coordinate of the rectangle, zero indexed from top.
X2 Byte Rightmost coordinate of the rectangle, zero indexed from left.
Y2 Byte Bottommost coordinate of the rectangle, zero indexed from top.

Command Summary 19
3.6 Draw a Filled Dec 254 120 Colour X1 Y1 X2 Y2 v5.8
Rectangle Hex FE 78 Colour X1 Y1 X2 Y2
ASCII ■ x Colour X1 Y1 X2 Y2
Draw a filled rectangle using the colour specified; current drawing colour is ignored.
Colour Byte 0 for background or any other value for text colour.
X1 Byte Leftmost coordinate of the filled rectangle, zero indexed from left.
Y1 Byte Topmost coordinate of the filled rectangle, zero indexed from top.
X2 Byte Rightmost coordinate of the filled rectangle, zero indexed from left.
Y2 Byte Bottommost coordinate of the filled rectangle, zero indexed from top.

3.7 Initialize a Dec 254 103 ID Type X1 Y1 X2 Y2 V5.8

Bar Graph Hex FE 67 ID Type X1 Y1 X2 Y2
ASCII ■ g ID Type X1 Y1 X2 Y2
Initialize a bar graph in memory for later implementation. Graphs can be located anywhere on the screen, but
overlapping may cause distortion. Graph should be filled using the Draw a Bar Graph command.
ID Byte Unique bar identification number, between 0 and 255.
Type Byte Graph style, see Bar Graph Types.
X1 Byte Leftmost coordinate of the bar, zero indexed from left.
Y1 Byte Topmost coordinate of the bar, zero indexed from top.
X2 Byte Rightmost coordinate of the bar, zero indexed from left.
Y2 Byte Bottommost coordinate of the bar, zero indexed from top.

Table 10: Bar Graph Types

Type Direction Base

0 Vertical Bottom
1 Horizontal Left
2 Vertical Top
3 Horizontal Right

3.8 Draw a Dec 254 105 ID Value V5.8

Bar Graph Hex FE 69 ID Value
ASCII ■ i ID Value
Fill in a portion of a bar graph after initialization. Any old value will be overwritten by the new. Setting a value of
zero before setting a new value will restore a graph should it become corrupted.
ID Byte Unique bar identification number, value between 0 and 255.
Value Byte Portion of graph to fill in pixels, will not exceed display bounds.

20 Command Summary
3.9 Initialize a Dec 254 110 ID X1 Y1 X2 Y2 V5.8
Strip Chart Hex FE 6E ID X1 Y1 X2 Y2
ASCII ■ n ID X1 Y1 X2 Y2
Designate a portion of the screen for a chart. Visual changes will occur when the update command is issued.
ID Byte Unique chart identification number, value between 0 and 7.
X1 Byte Leftmost coordinate of the strip chart, zero indexed from left.
Y1 Byte Topmost coordinate of the strip chart, zero indexed from top.
X2 Byte Rightmost coordinate of the strip chart, zero indexed from left.
Y2 Byte Bottommost coordinate of the strip chart, zero indexed from top.

Table 11: Strip Chart Types (Bytes 3-0)

Type Description
0 Bar
1 Line
2 Step
3 Box

3.10 Update a Dec 254 111 ID Value v5.8

Strip Chart Hex FE 6F ID Value
ASCII ■ o ID Value
Shift the specified strip chart and draw a new value.
ID Byte Chart identification number, value between 0 and 7.
Value Short Value to add to the chart.

6.4 Fonts
4.1 Upload a Dec 254 36 ID Size Data v5.8
Font File Hex FE 24 ID Size Data
ASCII ■ $ ID Size Data
Upload a font to a graphic display. To create a font see the Font File Creation section, for upload protocol see the
File Transfer Protocol entry. Default font is ID 1.
ID Byte Unique font identification number, value between 0 and 255.
Size Short Size of the entire font file.
Data Byte(s) Font file data, see the Font File Creation example.

4.2 Set the Dec 254 49 ID v5.8

Current Font Hex FE 31 ID
ASCII ■ 1 ID
Set the font in use by specifying a unique identification number. Characters sent after the command will appear in
the font specified; previous text will not be affected. Default is 1.
ID Byte Unique font identification number, value between 0 and 255.

Command Summary 21
4.3 Set Font Dec 254 50 LineMargin TopMargin CharSpace LineSpace Scroll v5.8
Metrics Hex FE 32 LineMargin TopMargin CharSpace LineSpace Scroll
ASCII ■ 2 LineMargin TopMargin CharSpace LineSpace Scroll
Set the font spacing, or metrics, used with the current font. Changes only appear in text sent after command.
LineMargin Byte Space between left of display and first column of text. Default 0.
TopMargin Byte Space between top of display area and first row of text. Default 0.
CharSpace Byte Space between characters. Default 0.
LineSpace Byte Space between character rows. Default 1.
Scroll Byte Point at which text scrolls up screen to display additional rows. Default 1.

4.4 Set Box Space Dec 254 172 Switch v5.8

Mode Hex FE AC Switch
ASCII ■ ¼ Switch
Toggle box space on or off. When on, a character sized box is cleared from the screen before a character is
written. This eliminates any text or bitmap remnants behind the character. Default is on.
Switch Byte 1 for on or 0 for off.

Font File Creation

Matrix Orbital graphic displays are capable of displaying text in a wide variety of styles customizable to
suit any project design. Front files alter the style of text and appearance of the display.

By default, a Matrix Orbital graphic display is loaded with a small filled font in slot one and a future bk bt
16 style in slot two. Both are available at www.matrixorbital.ca/software/graphic_fonts.

The easiest way to create, add, or modify the fonts of any graphic display is through the MOGD# tool.
This provides a simple graphic interface that hides the more complex intricacies of the font file.

Table 12: Example Font File Header

Maximum Width Character Height ASCII Start Value ASCII End Value
5 7 104 106

The font file header contains four bytes: First, the number of columns in the widest character; usually
‘w’, second, the pixel height of each character, and finally, the start and end values of the character
range. The range represents the values that must be sent to the display to trigger the characters to
appear on the screen. In the example, the decimal values corresponding to the lowercase letters ‘h’
through ‘j’ will be used resulting in the range shown.

Table 13: Example Character Table

MSB LSB Width

h 0 13 5
i 0 18 3
j 0 21 4

22 Command Summary
The character table contains information that allows the display to locate each individual character in a
mass of character data. Each character has three bytes; two indicating it’s offset in the character data
and one indicating its width. The offset takes into account the header and table bytes to point to the
first byte of the character data it references. The first byte of the file, maximum width, has an offset of
zero. The width byte of each character can be identical as in a fixed width font, or in our case, variable.
The character table will become clearer after analyzing the final part of the font file, character data.

Table 14: Character ‘h’

Bitmap
Table 15: Character ‘h’ Data
1 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 84 132
1 0 0 0 0
0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 2D 45
1 0 1 1 0
1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 98 152
1 1 0 0 1
1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 C6 198
1 0 0 0 1
0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 20 32
1 0 0 0 1
1 0 0 0 1

The character data is a binary graphical representation of each glyph in a font. Each character is drawn
on a grid containing as many rows as the height specified in the header and as many columns as the
width specified in the character table. Cells are drawn by writing a one in their location and cleared by
setting a value of zero. Starting at the top left, moving right, then down, eight of these cells form a
character data byte. When all cells are accounted for, zeroes may be added to the last byte to complete
it. A sample of an ‘h’ glyph is shown above. The data for the ‘i’ and ‘j’ characters will follow to complete
the custom font file displayed below.

Table 16: Example Font File

Header 5 7 104 106

0 13 5
Character Table 0 18 3
0 21 4
132 45 152 198 32
Character Data 67 36 184
16 49 25 96

6.5 Bitmaps
5.1 Upload a Dec 254 94 ID Size Data v5.8
Bitmap File Hex FE 5E ID Size Data
ASCII ■ ^ ID Size Data
Upload a bitmap to a graphic display. To create a bitmap see the Bitmap File Creation section, for upload protocol
see the File Transfer Protocol entry. Start screen is ID 1.
ID Byte Unique bitmap identification number, value between 0 and 255.
Size Short Size of the entire bitmap file.
Data Byte(s) Bitmap file data, see the Bitmap File Creation example.

Command Summary 23
5.2 Draw a Dec 254 98 ID X Y v5.8
Bitmap from Hex FE 62 ID X Y
Memory ASCII ■ b ID X Y
Draw a previously uploaded bitmap from memory. Top left corner must be specified for drawing.
ID Byte Unique bitmap identification number, value between 0 and 255.
X Byte Leftmost coordinate of bitmap.
Y Byte Topmost coordinate of bitmap.

5.3 Draw a Bitmap Dec 254 100 X1 Y1 Data v5.8

Directly Hex FE 64 X1 Y1 Data
ASCII ■ d X1 Y1 Data
Draw a bitmap directly to the graphic display without saving to memory. Cannot be implemented in a script.
X1 Byte Leftmost coordinate of bitmap.
Y1 Byte Topmost coordinate of bitmap.
Data Byte(s) Bitmap file data, see the Bitmap File Creation example.

Bitmap File Creation

In addition to fonts, Matrix Orbital graphic displays can also hold a number of customizable bitmaps to
provide further stylistic product integration. Like font files, bitmaps files are most easily uploaded to a
display using MOGD#. However, the critical data component of the bitmap upload command is detailed
below for reference.

The bitmap data block is similar to that of a font. However, as a bitmap is a single glyph, only a simple
two byte header is required. First, one byte representing the bitmap width is sent, then one byte for the
height. Each bitmap is merely encoded in binary fashion using a series of ones and zeroes. Again a grid
can be created using the width and height specified in the upload command, populated in the manner
above, and converted into byte values. A smiley face example is shown below to indicate the ultimate
effect of the Matrix Orbital graphic stylization ability.

Table 17: Smiley Face Bitmap

Table 18:Smiley Face Data
0 1 0 1 0
0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 50 80
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 22 34
1 0 0 0 1
1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 E0 224
0 1 1 1 0

Table 19: Example Bitmap File

Header 54
Bitmap Data 80 34 224

24 Command Summary
6.6 General Purpose Output
6.1 General Purpose Dec 254 87 Number v5.8
Output On Hex FE 57 Number
ASCII ■ W Number
Turns the specified GPO on, sourcing current from an output of five volts.
Number Byte GPO to be turned on.

6.2 General Purpose Dec 254 86 Number v5.8

Output Off Hex FE 56 Number
ASCII ■ V Number
Turns the specified GPO off, sinking current to an output of zero volts.
Number Byte GPO to be turned off.

6.3 Set Start Up Dec 254 195 Number State v5.8

GPO State Hex FE C3 Number State
ASCII ■ ├ Number State
Sets and saves the start-up state of the specified GPO in non-volatile memory. Changes will be seen on start up.
Number Byte GPO to be controlled.
State Byte 1 for on or 0 for off.

6.7 Keypad
7.1 Auto Transmit Dec 254 65 v5.8
Key Presses On Hex FE 41
ASCII ■A
Key presses are automatically sent to the host when received by the display. Use this mode for I2C transactions.

7.2 Auto Transmit Dec 254 79 v5.8

Key Presses Off Hex FE 4F
ASCII ■O
Key presses are held in the 10 key buffer to be polled by the host using the Poll Key Press command. Default is
Auto Transmit on.

7.3 Poll Key Dec 254 38 v5.8

Press Hex FE 26
ASCII ■&
Reads the last unread key press from the 10 key display buffer. If another key is stored in the buffer the MSb will
be 1, the MSb will be 0 when the last key press is read. If there are no stored key presses a value of 0 will be
2
returned. Auto transmit key presses must be turned off for this command to be successful, do not use with I C.
Response Byte Value of key pressed (MSb determines additional keys to be read).

Command Summary 25
7.4 Clear Key Dec 254 69 v5.8
Buffer Hex FE 45
ASCII ■E
Clears all key presses from the key buffer.

7.5 Set Debounce Dec 254 85 Time v5.8

Time Hex FE 55 Time
ASCII ■ U Time
Sets the time between a key press and a key read by the display. Most switches will bounce when pressed; the
debounce time allows the switch to settle for an accurate read. Default is 8 representing approximately 52ms.
Time Byte Debounce increment (debounce time = Time * 6.554ms).

7.6 Set Auto Dec 254 126 Mode v5.8

Repeat Mode Hex FE 7E Mode
ASCII ■ DEL Mode
Sets key press repeat mode to typematic or hold. In typematic mode if a key press is held, by default the key value
is transmitted immediately, then 5 times a second after a 1 second delay. In hold mode, the key down value is
transmitted once when pressed, and then the key up value is sent when the key is released. Default is typematic.
Mode Byte 1 for hold mode or 0 for typematic.

7.7 Auto Repeat Dec 254 96 v5.8

Mode Off Hex FE 60
ASCII ■`
Turns auto repeat mode off. Default is on (typematic).

7.8 Assign Keypad Dec 254 213 Key Down Key Up V5.8
Codes Hex FE D5 Key Down Key Up
ASCII ■ ╒ Key Down Key Up
Assigns the key down and key up values sent to the host when a key press is detected. A key up and key down
value must be sent for every key, a value of 255 will leave the key unaltered. Defaults are shown below.
Key Down Bytes [25] Key down values, beginning at row one column one moving right then down.
Key Up Bytes [25] Key up values, beginning at row one column one moving right then down.

Table 20: Default Key Down Values Table 21: Default Key Up Values

Key Down Key Up

A(65) B(66) C(67) D(68) E(69) a(97) b(98) c(99) d(100) e(101)
F(70) G(71) H(72) I(73) J(74) f(102) g(103) h(104) i(105) j(106)
K(75) L(76) M(77) N(78) O(79) k(107) l(108) m(109) n(110) o(111)
P(80) Q(81) R(82) S(83) T(84) p(112) q(113) r(114) s(115) t(116)
U(85) V(86) W(87) X(88) Y(89) u(117) v(118) w(119) x(120) y(121)

26 Command Summary
6.8 Display Functions
8.1 Backlight Dec 254 66 Minutes v5.8
On Hex FE 42 Minutes
ASCII ■ B Minutes
Turns the display backlight on for a specified length of time. If an inverse display color is used this command will
essentially turn on the text.
Minutes Byte Number of minutes to leave backlight on, a value of 0 leaves the display on indefinitely.

8.2 Backlight Dec 254 70 v5.8

Off Hex FE 46
ASCII ■F
Turns the display backlight off. If an inverse display colour is used this command will turn off the text.

8.3 Set Dec 254 153 Brightness v5.8

Brightness Hex FE 99 Brightness
ASCII ■ Ö Brightness
Immediately sets the backlight brightness. If an inverse display color is used this represents the text colour
intensity instead. Default is 255.
Brightness Byte Brightness level from 0(Dim) to 255(Bright).

8.4 Set and Save Dec 254 152 Brightness v5.8

Brightness Hex FE 98 Brightness
ASCII ■ ÿ Brightness
Immediately sets and saves the backlight brightness. Although brightness can be changed using the set command,
it is reset to this saved value on start up. Default is 255.
Brightness Byte Brightness level from 0(Dim) to 255(Bright).

8.5 Set Dec 254 80 Contrast v5.8

Contrast Hex FE 50 Contrast
ASCII ■ P Contrast
Immediately sets the contrast between background and text. If an inverse display color is used this also represents
the text brightness. Default is 128.
Contrast Byte Contrast level from 0(Light) to 255(Dark).

8.6 Set and Save Dec 254 145 Contrast v5.8

Contrast Hex FE 91 Contrast
ASCII ■ æ Contrast
Immediately sets and saves the contrast between background and text. Although contrast can be changed using
the set command, it is reset to this saved value on start up. Default is 128.
Contrast Byte Contrast level from 0(Light) to 255(Dark).

Command Summary 27
6.9 Filesystem
9.1 Delete Dec 254 33 89 33 v5.8
Filesystem Hex FE 21 59 21
ASCII ■!Y!
Completely erase all fonts and bitmaps from a graphic display. Extended length of the command is intended to
prevent accidental execution. To ensure filesystem integrity, cycle power to the display after erasure.

9.2 Delete a Dec 254 173 Type ID v5.8

File Hex FE AD Type ID
ASCII ■ ¡ Type ID
Removes a single font or bitmap file given the type and unique identification number. Cycle power after deletion.
Type Byte 0 for font or 1 for bitmap.
ID Byte Unique identification number of font or bitmap to be deleted, value between 0 and 255.

9.3 Get Filesystem Dec 254 175 v5.8

Space Hex FE AF
ASCII ■»
Returns the amount of space remaining in the display for font or bitmap uploads.
Response Integer Number of bytes remaining in memory.

9.4 Get Filesystem Dec 254 179 v5.8

Directory Hex FE B3
ASCII ■│
Returns a directory to the contents of the filesystem. The total number and type of each entry will be provided.
Response Short Number of entries.
Byte(s) One entry for every file, 8 identification bytes for each entry.

Table 22: Filesystem Identification Bytes

Byte 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Description Size(MSB) Size Size Size(LSB) Type(4)/ID(4) ID (LSB) Start Page (MSB) Start Page (LSB)

Table 23: Extended Byte Descriptions

Size The complete file size.

Type/ID First four bits designate file type, 0 for font or 1 for bitmap, remaining 12 bits indicate ID number.
Start Page Memory start page, a value of 0 indicates entry is not in use.

9.5 Filesystem Dec 254 176 Size Data v5.8

Upload Hex FE B0 Size Data
ASCII ■ ░ Size Data
This command will upload a filesystem image to the display. The size used is almost always the entire memory.
Filesystem data can be uploaded LSB to MSB using the File Transfer Protocol.
Size Integer Size of the filesystem to upload.
Data Byte(s) Filesystem data to upload.

28 Command Summary
9.6 Filesystem Dec 254 48 v5.8
Download Hex FE 30
ASCII ■0
Downloads complete filesystem containing all fonts and bitmaps stored in the display using the File Transfer
Protocol. A veritable heap of data.
Response Integer Size of the filesystem to download.
Byte(s) Filesystem data to download.

9.7 File Dec 254 178 Type ID v5.8

Download Hex FE B2 Type ID
ASCII ■ ▓ Type ID
Downloads a single font or bitmap file from the display to the host using the File Transfer Protocol.
Type Byte Variable length, see File Types.
ID Byte Unique identification number of font or bitmap to download, value between 0 and 1023.
Response Short File size.
Byte(s) File data.

9.8 File Dec 254 180 OldType OldID NewType NewID v5.8
Move Hex FE B4 OldType OldID NewType NewID
ASCII ■ ┤ OldType OldID NewType NewID
Used to move a single file and/or alter the type of an existing file. Old ID location must be valid and new ID empty.
OldType Byte Original file type, value between 0 and 1023, see File Types.
OldID Byte Original unique file identification number, value between 0 and 1023.
NewType Byte New file type, see File Types.
NewID Byte New unique file identification number.

Table 24: File Types

Font Bitmap Script Animation

0 1 2 3

File Transfer Protocol

Once a bitmap or font file has been created and paired to its command it must be sent using a file
protocol developed specifically for Matrix Orbital displays. Once a file upload command has been sent
requesting a unique reference number and specifying the file size required, the display will respond
indicating whether it has enough room to save the file or not. As is the case throughout the upload
protocol, a response of 1 will indicate confirmation while an 8 corresponds to rejection and will
terminate the session.

Table 25: Upload Protocol Responses

Value Action Description

1 Acknowledged Transfer successful, upload continues
8 Not Acknowledged Transfer failed, abort upload

Command Summary 29
Once a file is confirmed to fit within the display, the upload will begin. A protocol is used here to ensure
each byte is uploaded successfully. After each byte is sent, the module will echo it back to the host. It
should then be checked against the value originally sent before a confirmation byte of 1 is returned. If
the transmitted and echoed values do not match the upload should be aborted by sending a value of 8
instead. The upload will continue in this manner as indicated by the examples below which utilize
familiar font and bitmap files.

Table 26: Font Upload Protocol Table 27: Bitmap Upload Protocol

Host Display Comments Host Display Comments

254 Command Prefix 254 Command Prefix
36 Upload Font File Command 94 Upload Bitmap File Command
1 Reference ID LSB 1 Reference ID LSB
0 Reference ID MSB 0 Reference ID MSB
31 Font File Size LSB 5 Bitmap File Size LSB
0 Font File Size 0 Bitmap File Size
0 Font File Size 0 Bitmap File Size
0 Font File MSB 0 Bitmap File MSB
1 Acknowledge Size 1 Acknowledge Size
5 First Font Data Byte 5 First Bitmap Data Byte
5 Echo Data Byte 5 Echo Data Byte
1 Acknowledge Data Byte 1 Acknowledge Data Byte
7 Second Font Data Byte 4 Second Bitmap Data Byte
... ... ... ... ... ...
96 Last Font Data Byte 224 Last Bitmap Data Byte
96 Echo Data Byte 224 Echo Data Byte
1 Acknowledge Data Byte 1 Acknowledge Data Byte

It should be noted that the display has a timeout setting of 2.1 seconds before it resets to prevent it
from hanging during the upload process. Upon reset, the values 254 and 212 will be returned to
indicate an error or lengthy delay has occurred in the upload process. If everything goes smoothly, the
protocol will end with the host transmitting a final confirmation byte and the font will be stored in the
display ready for any application.

6.10 Data Security

10.1 Set Dec 254 147 Mode v5.8
Remember Hex FE 93 Mode
ASCII ■ ô Mode
Allows changes to specific settings to be saved to the display memory. Writing to non-volatile memory can be slow
and each change consumes 1 write of at least 100,000 available. The Command Summary outlines which
commands are saved always, never, and when this command is on only. Remember is off by default.
Mode Byte 1 for on or 0 for off.

30 Command Summary
10.2 Set Data Dec 254 202 245 160 Level v5.8
Lock Hex FE CA F5 A0 Level
ASCII ■ ╩ ⌡ á Level
Temporarily locks certain aspects of the display to ensure no inadvertent changes are made. The lock is released
after a power cycle. A new level overrides the old, and levels can be combined. Default is 0.
Level Byte Lock level, see Data Lock Bits table.

Table 28: Data Lock Bits

Display Command Filesystem Setting Address Reserved Reserved Reserved

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Table 29: Lock Parameters

Reserved Place holders only, should be 0

Address Locks the Baud Rate and I2C address
Setting Locks all settings from being saved
Filesystem Locks all bitmaps and fonts
Command Locks all commands, text can still be written
Display Locks entire display, no new text can be displayed

10.3 Set and Save Dec 254 203 245 160 Level v5.8
Data Lock Hex FE CB F5 A0 Level
ASCII ■ ╦ ⌡ á Level
Locks certain aspects of the display to ensure no inadvertent changes are made. The lock is not affected by a
power cycle. A new level overrides the old, and levels can be combined. Default is 0.
Level Byte See Data Lock Bits table.

6.11 Miscellaneous
11.1 Write Dec 254 52 Data v5.8
Customer Data Hex FE 34 Data
ASCII ■ 4 Data
Saves a user defined block of data to non-volatile memory. Useful for storing display information for later use.
Data Byte(s) User defined data, 16 bytes.

11.2 Read Dec 254 53 v5.8

Customer Data Hex FE 35
ASCII ■5
Reads data previously written to non-volatile memory. Data is only changed when written, surviving power cycles.
Response Byte(s) Previously saved user defined data, 16 bytes.

11.3 Read Version Dec 254 54 v5.8

Number Hex FE 36
ASCII ■6
Causes display to respond with its firmware version number. Often used as a communication test.
Response Byte Convert to hexadecimal to view major and minor revision numbers.

Command Summary 31
11.4 Read Dec 254 55 v8.0
Module Type Hex FE 37
ASCII ■7
Causes display to respond with its module number.
Response Byte Module number, see Sample Module Type Response for a partial list.

Table 30: Sample Module Type Responses

33 GLK12232-25-USB
34 GLK12232-25

32 Command Summary
7 Appendix
7.1 Command Summary
Available commands below include identifying number, required parameters, the returned response and
an indication of whether settings are remembered always, never, or with remember set to on.

Table 31: Communication Command Summary

Name Dec Hex ASCII Parameters Response Remembered

Change Baud Rate 57 39 9 Byte None Always
Change I2C Slave Address 51 33 3 Byte None Always
Set a Non-Standard Baud Rate 164 A4 ñ Short None Always
Turn Software Flow Control On 58 3A : Byte[2] None Remember On
Turn Software Flow Control Off 59 3B ; None None Remember On

Table 32: Text Command Summary

Name Dec Hex ASCII Parameters Response Remembered

Clear Screen 88 58 X None None Never
Go Home 72 48 H None None Never
Set Cursor Position 71 47 G Byte[2] None Never
Set Cursor Coordinate 121 79 y Byte[2] None Never
Auto Scroll On 81 51 Q None None Remember On
Auto Scroll Off 82 52 R None None Remember On

Table 33: Drawing Command Summary

Name Dec Hex ASCII Parameters Response Remembered

Set Drawing Colour 99 63 c Byte None Remember On
Draw Pixel 112 70 p Byte[2] None Never
Draw a Line 108 6C l Byte[4] None Never
Continue a Line 101 65 e Byte[2] None Never
Draw a Rectangle 114 72 r Byte[5] None Never
Draw a Filled Rectangle 120 78 x Byte[5] None Never
Initialize a Bar Graph 103 67 g Byte[6] None Remember On
Draw a Bar Graph 105 69 i Byte[2] None Never
Byte[5], Short[2],
Initialize a Strip Chart 106 6A n None Remember On
Byte[2], Short
Update a Strip Chart 107 6B o Byte, Short None Never

Table 34: Font Command Summary

Name Dec Hex ASCII Parameters Response Remembered

Upload a Font File 36 24 $ Short, Integer, Byte[] See Font File Creation Always
Set the Current Font 49 31 1 Short None Never
Set Font Metrics 50 32 2 Byte[5] None Remember On
Set Box Space Mode 172 AC ¼ Byte None Remember On

Command Summary 33
 Table 35: Bitmap Command Summary

Name Dec Hex ASCII Parameters Response Remembered

See Bitmap File
Upload a Bitmap File 94 5E ^ Short, Integer, Byte[] Always
Creation
Draw a Bitmap from Memory 98 62 b Short, Byte[2] None Never
Draw a Bitmap Directly 100 64 d Byte[2], Byte[] None Never

Table 36: General Purpose Output Command Summary

Name Dec Hex ASCII Parameters Response Remembered

General Purpose Output On 86 56 V Byte None Never
General Purpose Output Off 87 57 W Byte None Never
Set Start Up GPO State 195 C3 ├ Byte[2] None Always

Table 37: Keypad Command Summary

Name Dec Hex ASCII Parameters Response Remembered

Auto Transmit Key Presses On 65 41 A None None Remember On
Auto Transmit Key Presses Off 79 4F ` None None Remember On
Poll Key Press 38 26 & None Byte Never
Clear Key Buffer 69 45 E None None Never
Set Debounce Time 85 55 U Byte None Remember On
Auto Repeat Mode Off 96 60 ` None None Remember On
Assign Keypad Codes 213 D5 ╒ Byte[25], Byte[25] None Always

Table 38: Display Functions Command Summary

Name Dec Hex ASCII Parameters Response Remembered

Backlight On 66 42 B Byte None Remember On
Backlight Off 70 46 F None None Remember On
Set Brightness 153 99 Ö Byte None Remember On
Set and Save Brightness 152 98 ÿ Byte None Always
Set Contrast 80 50 P Byte None Remember On
Set and Save Contrast 145 91 æ Byte None Always

Table 39: Filesystem Command Summary

Name Dec Hex ASCII Parameters Response Remembered

Delete Filesystem 33, 89, 33 21, 59, 21 !, Y, ! None None Always
Delete a File 173 AD ¡ Byte, Short None Always
Get Filesystem Space 175 AF » None Integer Never
Get Filesystem Directory 179 B3 │ None Byte[][8] Never
Filesystem Upload 176 B0 ░ Integer, Byte[] None Always
Filesystem Download 48 30 0 None Integer, Byte[] Never
File Download 178 B2 ▓ Byte, Short Integer, Byte[] Never
Byte, Integer,
File Move 180 B4 ┤ None Always
Byte, Integer

34 Command Summary
 Table 40: Data Security Command Summary

Name Dec Hex ASCII Parameters Response Remembered

Set Remember 147 93 ô Byte None Always
Set Data Lock 202, 245, 160 CA, F5, A0 ╩, ⌡, á Byte None Remember On
Set and Save Data Lock 203, 245, 160 CB, F5, A0 ╦, ⌡, á Byte None Always

Table 41: Miscellaneous Command Summary

Name Dec Hex ASCII Parameters Response Remembered

Write Customer Data 52 34 4 Byte[16] None Always
Read Customer Data 53 35 5 None Byte[16] Never
Read Version Number 54 36 6 None Byte Never
Error! Reference source not found. 55 37 7 None Byte Never

7.2 Block Diagram

Figure 14: Functional Diagram

Command Summary 35
7.3 Environmental Specifications
Table 42: Environmental Limits

Standard *Extended (-E)

Operating Temperature 0°C to +50°C -20°C to +60°C
Storage Temperature -10°C to +60°C -20°C to +70°C
Operating Relative Humidity Maximum 90% non-condensing

7.4 Electrical Tolerances

Current Consumption
Table 43: Current Consumption

Board Backlight GPOs

+ +
57mA 92mA 20mA each maximum

Table 44: Backlight Current Draw

Backlight
92mA
Input Voltage Specifications
Table 45: Voltage Specifications

Standard
4.75-5.25V

36 Command Summary
7.5 Dimensional Drawings

Figure 15: Standard Model Dimensional Drawing

Command Summary 37
 Figure 16: USB Model Dimensional Drawing

38 Command Summary
7.6 Optical Characteristics
Table 46: Display Optics

Module Size 98.0 x 60.0 x 20.1 mm

Viewing Area 76.0 x 25.2 mm
Active Area 69.50 x 20.76 mm
Pixel Size 0.52 x 0.62 mm
Pixel Pitch 0.53 x 0.53 mm
Viewing Direction 12 O’clock
Viewing Angle -30 to +30 °
Contrast Ratio 3
Backlight Half-Life 20,000 Hours

8 Ordering
8.1 Part Numbering Scheme
Table 47: Part Numbering Scheme

GLK -12232 -25 -USB -FGW -E

1 2 3 5 6 7

8.2 Options
Table 48: Display Options

# Designator Options
1 Product Type GLK: Graphic Liquid Crystal Display with Keypad Input
2 Display Size 12232: 122 pixel columns by 32 rows
3 Keypad Size 25: 25 key maximum
*NP: Standard Model
5 Protocol
-USB: USB Only Model
FGW: Grey Text with White Background
6 Colour
WB: White Text with Blue Background
*NP: Standard
7 Temperature
-E: Extended Temperature

*Note: NP means No Populate; skip this designator in the part number and move to the next option.

Command Summary 39
8.3 Accessories

Communication
Table 49: Communication Accessories

EXTMUSB3FT Mini-USB Cable

INTMUSB3FT Internal Mini-USB Cable

Extended Serial Communication/5V

SCCPC5V
Power Cable

BBC Breadboard Cable

Peripherals
Table 50: Peripheral Accessories

KPP4x4 16 Button Keypad

40 Command Summary
9 Definitions
ASCII: American standard code for information interchange used to give standardized numeric codes
to alphanumeric characters.

BPS: Bits per second, a measure of transmission speed.

Byte: An unsigned data packet that is eight bits long.

GPO: General purpose output, used to control peripheral devices from a display.

GUI: Graphical user interface.

Hexadecimal: A base 16 number system utilizing symbols 0 through F to represent the values 0-15.

I2C: Inter-integrated circuit protocol uses clock and data lines to communicate short distances at
slow speeds from a master to up to 128 addressable slave devices. A display is a slave device.

LSB: Least significant bit or byte in a transmission, the rightmost when read.

MSB: Most significant bit or byte in a transmission, the leftmost when read.

RS232: Recommended standard 232, a common serial protocol. A low level is -30V, a high is +30V.

SDA: Serial data line used to transfer data in I2C protocol. This open drain line should be pulled high
through a resistor. Nominal values are between 1K and 10K Ω.

SCL: Serial clock line used to designate data bits in I2C protocol. This open drain line should be pulled
high through a resistor. Nominal values are between 1K and 10K Ω.

Short: An unsigned data packet that is sixteen bits long, in little Endian format.

STN: Super-twisted nematic in reference to an LCD. In a relaxed or nematic state, crystals orientate
themselves in the same direction and allow light to pass. In an excited state these crystals align to block
light. Super-twisted crystals move from 180 to 270 degrees providing greater contrast than TN models.

TTL: Transistor-transistor logic applied to serial protocol. Low level is 0V while high logic is 5V.

10 Contact
Sales Support Online
Phone: 403.229.2737 Phone: 403.204.3750 Purchasing: www.matrixorbital.com
Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Support: www.matrixorbital.ca

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