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Database

A database is an organized collection of data stored and retrieved in a structured way using files, records, and fields. A field contains a single data item and has a unique name. A record is a collection of fields containing different data types. A file contains organized records that can be stored together. Databases come in two main types: flat file databases store all data in one table, while relational databases store data across multiple tables and link them through primary and foreign keys to reduce data repetition.

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11 views

Database

A database is an organized collection of data stored and retrieved in a structured way using files, records, and fields. A field contains a single data item and has a unique name. A record is a collection of fields containing different data types. A file contains organized records that can be stored together. Databases come in two main types: flat file databases store all data in one table, while relational databases store data across multiple tables and link them through primary and foreign keys to reduce data repetition.

Uploaded by

pranitshah4
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Database

1) A database is an organized collection of


data.
2) A database program software which stores
and retrieves data in a structured way.
3) This includes data that is stored and the
links between data items.
4) All database store data using a system of
files, records and fields.
Field
1) A field is a single item of data.
2) Each field has a field name that is used to
identify it withing the database
3) Each field contains one type of data
4) E.g. name or DOB
5) It has a unique name
Record
1) A record is a collection of fields.
2) E.g. all the information of a student
3) These may contain different data types.
File
1) A file is an organized collection of
records.
2) A file can have one or more tables within
it.
3) All records are organized so they can be
stored together.
Two types of databases

Flat file database

Relational database

Flat file database


1) Stores data in only one table, which is
organized by rows and columns.
Relational database
1) Stores data in more than one table, stored
in a file.
2) Relational databases are designed so that
the same data cannot be repeated
3) Tables within a relational database are
linked with relations
Primary key
1) Each table in a relational database will
have a field key. The relations linking the
tables use these keys fields
2) Most tables have primary keys
3) They hold unique data
4) Field used to identify the record
Foreign key
1) A foreign key
2) field is one data table stores value from a
primary key from another table
Relational database Flat-file Database

Space saved. Data takes up lot of


storage.
Data is not repeated. Data needs to be edited
Change has to be made In multiple places.
only once.
Easier to produce Tougher to produce
Reports. Reports.
More organized. Less organized.
Tougher to search Usually easier to
search

Data Types
Alpha Numeric
1) Stores Alpha characters and
numeric data that may be used for
calculations.
2) It is called a text field.
Numeric
1) A numeric data type is used to
store numeric values that may be used
for calculations.
2) In access this is called a number
field.
-Integer
 Sub-type which stores whole
numbers.
 Integer field or long integer field.
 Use Long integer field if 3 or
more digits.
-Decimal
 Decimal sub-type allows large
number of decimal places.
 It can have a specified number. If
set in field properties.
-Currency
 Allows currency formatting.
 Includes currency symbols.
 Symbols not stored by database as
it takes up valuable storage
- Date and Time
 Stores date or time as number.
Boolean
 Stores data as 0/-1.
 Can display Yes/No,
True/False,0/1.
AutoNumber
 Generates unique numbers.
Other data types are found in commercial
databases.
In web Applications where a back-end database
holds the media to be displayed in other
application, such as a webpage.
Microsoft excel is not suitable for databases as you
cannot define data types.
.acccb
TO OPEN NEW FILE
1) Open access
2) Select blank desktop
3) Click on database icon
4) Use browse button to save the file in a
specific folder
5) Select create
TO IMPORT DATA FROM EXISTING FILES

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