AIN SHAMS UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING

Course: Critical thinking ASUx32s Fall 2023

Assignment 4

1) A logical fallacy is best described as:

a) A convincing argument
b) An argument with a mistake in reasoning
c) A factually incorrect statement
d) A disagreement between two people

2) Fallacies of relevance occur when:

a) The premises are unrelated to the conclusion
b) The evidence strongly supports the conclusion
c) The argument is based on facts
d) The reasoning is flawless

3) Which of these is a characteristic of fallacies of insufficient evidence?

a) The premises are irrelevant to the conclusion
b) The premises, though relevant, don't support the conclusion enough
c) The conclusion is always false
d) The argument presents too much evidence

4) In logical fallacies, a mistake in reasoning can occur due to:

a) Strong personal beliefs
b) Irrelevant premises
c) Sufficient evidence
d) Factual information

5) Which fallacy involves using a personal attack instead of addressing the argument?
a) Straw Man
b) Ad Hominem
c) Slippery Slope
d) False Dilemma
6) A 'Straw Man' fallacy is when someone:
a) Attacks the character of the arguer
b) Misrepresents an argument to make it easier to attack
c) Uses fear to win an argument
d) Argues that one event will inevitably follow from another without any rational
argument

7) The 'Slippery Slope' fallacy occurs when it is assumed that:

a) One event will lead to another without a logical connection
b) Two wrongs make a right
c) The majority’s opinion is always correct
d) A personal attack is a valid argument

8) An 'Appeal to Pity' fallacy is when an argument:

a) Uses emotion rather than rational arguments
b) Presents a false dilemma
c) Relies on popular opinion
d) Attacks the opponent's character

9) Bandwagon fallacy is characterized by:

a) Arguing something is true because it is popular
b) Attacking the person rather than the argument
c) Using irrelevant premises
d) Creating a false cause and effect relationship

10) A 'False Cause' fallacy is when an argument wrongly assumes that:

a) One thing caused another without sufficient evidence
b) The opinion of the majority is false
c) A complex issue can be reduced to two options
d) Emotional appeal can substitute for factual evidence
11) "If we don't ban video games, children will never learn to read properly." This
argument is an example of:
a) Slippery Slope
b) Ad Hominem
c) Straw Man
d) False Dilemma

12) In a debate, someone says, "You're wrong because you didn't even finish high school."
This is an example of:
a) Ad Hominem
b) Straw Man
c) Slippery Slope
d) False Dilemma

13) "People who support space exploration just don't care about Earth's problems." This is
an example of:
a) Straw Man
b) Slippery Slope
c) Ad Hominem
d) False Cause

14) "If we start recycling, soon we'll be forced to give up all modern conveniences." This
exemplifies:
a) Slippery Slope
b) Ad Populum
c) Straw Man
d) False Cause

15) "Everyone is buying the new smartphone model; it must be the best on the market."
This is an example of:
a) Bandwagon fallacy
b) Appeal to Authority
c) False Dilemma
d) Hasty Generalization

16) "Either we cut down on our use of fossil fuels, or our planet will become
uninhabitable." This argument is a:
 a) False Dilemma
b) Slippery Slope
c) Straw Man
d) Red Herring

17) "You can't trust his argument on healthy eating; he's not very fit himself." This is an
example of:
a) Ad Hominem
b) Appeal to Authority
c) Straw Man
d) False Cause

18) "He says I should exercise more, but what does he know? He's a computer
programmer, not a trainer." This is an example of:
a) Ad Hominem
b) Appeal to Authority
c) Straw Man
d) False Cause

19) "If we start allowing people to work from home, eventually no one will ever leave their
house." This is an example of:
a) Slippery Slope
b) Ad Populum
c) Straw Man
d) False Cause

20) "Everyone in my family likes ice cream, so it must be the best dessert." This is an
example of:
a) Bandwagon fallacy
b) Appeal to Authority
c) False Dilemma
d) Hasty Generalization
21) "Either we build more roads, or our city will always be congested." This statement is a:
a) False Dilemma
b) Straw Man
c) Red Herring
d) Hasty Generalization

22) "This car must be terrible; I saw one broken down on the side of the road." This is an
example of:
a) Hasty Generalization
b) Straw Man
c) False Cause
d) Red Herring

23) "The last three mayors were bad, so this new mayor will be bad too." This is an
example of:
a) Hasty Generalization
b) Straw Man
c) False Dilemma
d) Red Herring

24) In a debate on educational reform, a speaker argues, "Those who oppose standardized
tests want our children to go to school without learning anything." This is an example
of:
a) Straw Man
b) Slippery Slope
c) Ad Hominem
d) False Cause

25) In a discussion about internet privacy laws, one participant says, "Opponents of these
laws want everyone's personal data to be publicly available online." This is an example
of:
a) Straw Man
b) Ad Hominem
c) Slippery Slope
d) False Dilemma
26) During a debate on renewable energy, a speaker claims, "Those against wind turbines
want us to live without electricity." This statement is a:
a) Straw Man
b) Red Herring
c) False Cause
d) Hasty Generalization

27) During a debate on increasing school funding, one speaker says, "We should first focus
on why the local sports team is underperforming." This is an example of:
a) Red Herring
b) Straw Man
c) Slippery Slope
d) Ad Hominem

28) While debating healthcare policies, one participant shifts the topic to the quality of
hospital food. This shift is a:
a) Red Herring
b) Straw Man
c) Hasty Generalization
d) False Dilemma

29) In a town meeting about road safety, someone claims, "Ever since the new library was
built, there have been more car accidents. The library must be causing them." This is an
example of:
a) False Cause
b) Red Herring
c) Straw Man
d) Slippery Slope
30) A teacher says, "Test scores have dropped since we introduced new school uniforms.
The uniforms must be the reason." This statement is a:
a) Slippery Slope
b) False Cause
c) Red Herring
d) Straw Man

31) During a discussion about online privacy laws, a politician exclaims, "If we don't pass
this bill, our personal information will be stolen, and our lives will be ruined!" This is
an example of:
a) Scare Tactics
b) Straw Man
c) False Cause
d) Red Herring

32) In a debate about cheating in exams, a student argues, "It's okay for me to cheat
because I know others are cheating too." This is an example of:
a) Red Herring
b) Appeal to Pity
c) Two Wrongs Make a Right
d) False Dilemma

33) During a trial, a lawyer says, "My client should not be found guilty; he has had a very
tough life and has suffered a lot already." This is an example of:
a) Straw Man
b) Appeal to Pity
c) Scare Tactics
d) Hasty Generalization

34) In a community meeting about a new waste management plant, a resident claims, "If
we allow this plant, our town will become so polluted that we'll all suffer severe health
problems!" This represents:
a) Scare Tactics
b) False Cause
c) Red Herring
d) Straw Man
35) During a campaign, a politician says, "If my opponent wins, the economy will crash,
and jobs will be lost in droves." This is an example of:
a) Scare Tactics
b) Ad Hominem
c) Two Wrongs Make a Right
d) False Dilemma

36) A student, when caught not doing homework, says, "Please don't give me a bad grade;
my dog was sick, and I was too upset to work." This is an example of:
a) Appeal to Pity
b) Straw Man
c) Red Herring
d) False Cause

37) The seller says, "You should buy this product; I really need the commission to pay for
my child's medical bills." This is an example of:
a) Scare Tactics
b) Straw Man
c) Appeal to Pity
d) False Dilemma

38) In a discussion about dietary health, a celebrity endorses )‫ (يؤيد‬a specific diet, claiming
it's the best way to lose weight. However, the celebrity has no background in nutrition
or health. This endorsement is an example of:
a) Inappropriate Appeal to Authority
b) Straw Man
c) Red Herring
d) False Cause
39) During a debate on climate change, a speaker says, "A famous novelist said that
climate change is not a real issue, so he must be true." This is an example of:
a) Slippery Slope
b) Red Herring
c) Inappropriate Appeal to Authority
d) False Dilemma

40) one person claims, "There is no evidence that aliens do not exist, so they must exist."
This is an example of:
a) Appeal to Ignorance
b) False Cause
c) Straw Man
d) Two Wrongs Make a Right

41) During a discussion about the effectiveness of a new drug, someone argues, "This drug
hasn't been proven ineffective, so it must be effective." This statement represents:
a) Straw Man
b) Appeal to Ignorance
c) False Cause
d) Slippery Slope

42) During a school board discussion about uniforms, a member argues, "Uniforms are
important for discipline because a uniform approach to education is necessary for
student success." this is an example of:
a) Equivocation
b) Straw Man
c) Slippery Slope
d) False Dilemma