Challenges in Cloud Computing, Exploring the Cloud

Computing Stack

Vellore-632014, Tamil Nadu, India

 Outline

Challenges in Cloud Computing

Exploring the Cloud Computing Stack

CSE3035 Principles of Cloud Computing; School of C.S.E, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT)-Vellore; 12:30 PM Slide. 2
 Challenges in Cloud Computing
❑ Challenges in Cloud
Computing
Security & Privacy

Reliability & Portability

Availability Challenges

Computing
Interoperability
Performance

CSE3035 Principles of Cloud Computing; School of C.S.E, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT)-Vellore; 12:30 PM Slide. 3
 Challenges in Cloud Computing
❑ Challenges in Cloud
Computing • Security and Privacy
– Employing encryption, security hardware, and robust
security applications is key to safeguarding sensitive
data stored and processed in the cloud
• Portability
– Enabling seamless migration of applications between
different cloud providers without facing vendor lock-in
requires standardized languages and platforms across
providers

CSE3035 Principles of Cloud Computing; School of C.S.E, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT)-Vellore; 12:30 PM Slide. 4
 Challenges in Cloud Computing
❑ Challenges in Cloud
Computing • Interoperability
– Facilitating the integration of services across different
cloud platforms via web services is complex but
essential for enhancing compatibility between
applications
• Computing Performance
– Balancing data-intensive application’s demands for high
network bandwidth with the cost implications is crucial
for achieving optimal computing performance

CSE3035 Principles of Cloud Computing; School of C.S.E, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT)-Vellore; 12:30 PM Slide. 5
 Challenges in Cloud Computing
❑ Challenges in Cloud
Computing • Reliability and Availability
– As businesses heavily rely on third-party cloud services,
ensuring high reliability and availability of these services
becomes imperative to prevent disruptions to operations.

CSE3035 Principles of Cloud Computing; School of C.S.E, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT)-Vellore; 12:30 PM Slide. 6
 Exploring the Cloud Computing Stack
❑ Challenges in Cloud
Computing • Exploring the Cloud Computing Stack
❑ Exploring the Cloud – Composability
Computing Stack
– Infrastructure
– Platform
– Virtual Appliances
– Communication Protocols
– Applications

CSE3035 Principles of Cloud Computing; School of C.S.E, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT)-Vellore; 12:30 PM Slide. 7
 Cloud computing stack- server
This architectural diagram illustrate the portion of the Cloud Computing stack that is designated
as the server
APIs Management

Authentication Security TCP/IP

Core connectivity and delivery

Abstraction Grid/cluster Images VMM

Hardware Compute Network Storage

Facilities HVAC Power Space

CSE3035 Principles of Cloud Computing; School of C.S.E, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT)-Vellore; 12:30 PM Slide. 8
 Composability
❑ Challenges in Cloud
Computing • Composability refers to the ability to assemble and
❑ Exploring the Cloud manage resources dynamically based on specific
Computing Stack
– Composability needs or demands
• In cloud computing, composability involves pooling
and abstracting various physical resources like
servers, storage, and networking components
• Software-defined infrastructure allows these
resources to be provisioned, configured, and
managed through code or software, enhancing
flexibility and scalability

CSE3035 Principles of Cloud Computing; School of C.S.E, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT)-Vellore; 12:30 PM Slide. 9
 Infrastructure
❑ Challenges in Cloud
Computing • Infrastructure forms the foundational layer of cloud
❑ Exploring the Cloud computing
Computing Stack
– Composability • It encompasses the physical hardware and software
– Infrastructure
components required to support cloud services
• Infrastructure includes servers, storage devices,
networking equipment, and virtualization or
containerization technologies that enable resource
pooling and allocation

CSE3035 Principles of Cloud Computing; School of C.S.E, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT)-Vellore; 12:30 PM Slide. 10
 Platform as a Service (PaaS)
❑ Challenges in Cloud
Computing • It provides an environment for developers to build,
❑ Exploring the Cloud deploy, and manage applications without worrying
Computing Stack
– Composability about the underlying infrastructure
– Infrastructure
– Platform as a Service
• PaaS offerings include tools, frameworks,
(PaaS) databases, and middleware that simplify the
development process

CSE3035 Principles of Cloud Computing; School of C.S.E, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT)-Vellore; 12:30 PM Slide. 11
 Virtual appliances
❑ Challenges in Cloud
Computing • Are pre-configured, ready-to-use software packages
❑ Exploring the Cloud or virtual machines that provide specific
Computing Stack
– Composability functionalities.
– Infrastructure
– Platform as a Service
• They can include operating systems, applications,
(PaaS) and necessary software stacks bundled together for
– Virtual appliances
easy deployment.

CSE3035 Principles of Cloud Computing; School of C.S.E, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT)-Vellore; 12:30 PM Slide. 12
 Virtual Appliance
APIs Various by vendor

Applications Embedded Native Web

Application
Virtual

Data Metadata Content Structured Unstructured

Integration and middleware

APIs A virtual appliance is a software that installs as

middleware onto a virtual machine
Virtual server

Core connectivity and delivery

Abstraction
Hardware
Facilities

CSE3035 Principles of Cloud Computing; School of C.S.E, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT)-Vellore; 12:30 PM Slide. 13
 Communication Protocols
❑ Challenges in Cloud
Computing • This layer encompasses the protocols and standards
❑ Exploring the Cloud used for communication between different
Computing Stack
– Composability components within the cloud infrastructure
– Infrastructure
– Platform as a Service
• Protocols like HTTP/HTTPS, TCP/IP, WebSocket,
(PaaS) and MQTT facilitate data transfer, messaging, and
– Virtual appliances
– Communication
interactions between various services and devices in
Protocols the cloud environment

CSE3035 Principles of Cloud Computing; School of C.S.E, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT)-Vellore; 12:30 PM Slide. 14
 Applications
❑ Challenges in Cloud
Computing • At the top of the stack are the actual applications
❑ Exploring the Cloud that users interact with
Computing Stack
– Composability – These could be web applications, mobile apps, enterprise
– Infrastructure software, or any other software services delivered over
– Platform as a Service
(PaaS)
the cloud
– Virtual appliances • These applications utilize the underlying layers of
– Communication
Protocols the cloud stack for computing, storage, and
– Applications
networking capabilities

CSE3035 Principles of Cloud Computing; School of C.S.E, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT)-Vellore; 12:30 PM Slide. 15
 Exploring the Cloud Computing Stack
Software as a Service
Web 2.0 End-user applications
Interfaces Scientific applications
Office automation, photo editing
CMR, and Social networking
Example: Google Documents, Facebook, Flickr, salesforce

Platform as a Service
Runtime environment for applications
Development and data processing platforms
Examples: Windows Azure, Hadoop, Google AppEngine,
Aneka

Infrastructure as a Service
Virtualized servers
Storage and networking
Examples: Amazon EC2, S3, Rightscale, vCloud

CSE3035 Principles of Cloud Computing; School of C.S.E, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT)-Vellore; 12:30 PM Slide. 16
 Exploring the Cloud Computing Stack
❑ Challenges in Cloud
Computing • Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
❑ Exploring the Cloud – This is the foundational layer, providing virtualized computing
Computing Stack resources over the internet
– Users can rent virtual machines, storage, and networking
infrastructure on a pay-as-you-go basis
– Examples include Amazon Web Services (AWS) EC2, Microsoft
Azure VMs, and Google Compute Engine
• Platform as a Service (PaaS)
– PaaS sits on top of IaaS and offers a platform allowing customers
to develop, run, and manage applications without dealing with the
underlying infrastructure
– It typically includes development tools, middleware, and database
management. Examples are Google App Engine, Heroku, and
Microsoft Azure App Service
CSE3035 Principles of Cloud Computing; School of C.S.E, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT)-Vellore; 12:30 PM Slide. 17
 Exploring the Cloud Computing Stack
❑ Challenges in Cloud
Computing • Software as a Service (SaaS)
❑ Exploring the Cloud – At the topmost layer, SaaS provides ready-to-use
Computing Stack
software applications accessed over the internet
– Users don’t need to install or manage the software; they
can access it through a web browser
• Examples include Google Workspace, Microsoft 365,
Salesforce, and Dropbox

CSE3035 Principles of Cloud Computing; School of C.S.E, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT)-Vellore; 12:30 PM Slide. 18
CSE3035 Principles of Cloud Computing; School of C.S.E, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT)-Vellore; 12:30 PM Slide. 19