Qualifications for National Artists

1. Must be a Filipino Citizen;

2. Work has contributed to nation-building; (the whole country benefits from the work by means
of spreading the culture of the Filipinos)(to give honor to the Philippines through his work)

3. Their distinctive style and pioneering works impact succeeding generations of artists;

4. There is excellence in the practice of their art form;

5. Their art form enriches artistic expression or style; and

6. Their work is prestigious; received national, and international recognition.

Benefits of being a National Artist

1) Cash Award (alive = 200,000, dead = 150,000 2012)

2) Monthly life pension (monthly 50,000).

3) Medical and hospitalization benefits (in the event the artist nagkasakit or need
magpagamot or opera covered ng gobyerno yung bills).

4) Life insurance coverage.

5) State funeral and burial at the Libingan ng Mga Bayani (Heroes Cemetery).

6) A place of honor at national state functions along with recognition at cultural events.

Categories of National Artists

Architecture and Allied Arts

Cinema

Dance

Dramatic Arts

Literary Arts

Music

Visual Arts

Gawad ng Manlilikha ng Bayan (GAMABA)

The very purpose of this award is to give honor and pride to those traditional folk artist and to
preserve their works, skills and crafts. In response to this pressing concern of art and cultural
preservation, the Philippine government in 1992 enacted Republic Act 7355. This
institutionalized the National Living Treasures Award or the Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan

Nomination and Selection Process

1. Must be an inhabitant of an indigenous/traditional cultural community anywhere in

the Philippines that has preserved indigenous customs, beliefs, rituals and traditions
and/or has syncretized whatever external elements that have influenced it.

2. Must have engaged in a folk-art tradition that has been in existence and documented for
at least fifty (50) years.
3. Must have consistently performed or produced over a significant period,works of superior
and distinctive quality.

4. He/she/group must possess a mastery of tools and materials needed bythe art and must
have an established reputation in the art as master and maker of works of extraordinary
technical quality.

5. Must have passed on and/or will pass on to other members of the community
their skills in the folk art for which the community is traditionally known.

The process of nominating and selecting National Artists and Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan
(GAMABA) awardees in the Philippines involves a thorough and multi-step procedure.

National Artist Nomination and Selection Process:

1. Nomination:

Anyone can nominate an individual for National Artist, including cultural

organizations, government agencies, and private citizens.
Nominations are submitted to the National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA) or the
Cultural Center of the Philippines (CCP).

2. Screening:

The NCCA and CCP jointly screen the nominations to ensure they meet the basic criteria, such
as significant contributions to the arts, national impact, and moral integrity.

3. Deliberation by the Order of National Artists:

The Order of National Artists, composed of living National Artists, reviews the shortlisted
nominees and provides recommendations to the President of the Philippines.

4. Presidential Proclamation:

The President, based on the recommendations, issues a proclamation declaring the new
National Artists.

GAMABA Nomination and Selection Process:

1. Nomination:

Similar to the National Artist process, nominations for GAMABA are open to the
public and various organizations.
Nominations are submitted to the NCCA.

2. Documentation and Validation:

The nominees undergo thorough documentation and validation of their mastery of the
traditional art form they practice.

Experts and cultural workers conduct fieldwork to assess the nominees' commitment to their
craft and its cultural significance.

3. Evaluation by the National Committee on Cultural Communities and Traditional Arts:

The National Committee on Cultural Communities and Traditional Arts evaluates the nominees
based on criteria such as artistic quality, community involvement, and dedication to the
preservation of traditional arts.
4. Recommendation to the NCCA Board:

The National Committee forwards its recommendations to the NCCA Board for approval.

5. Declaration by the President:

Similar to National Artists, the President declares the new GAMABA awardees through a
proclamation.

Both processes prioritize recognizing individuals who have made exceptional contributions to
the country's cultural heritage, ensuring a comprehensive and rigorous selection process.

Recognition and Ceremony

The National Artist and Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan (GAMABA) recognition ceremonies in
the Philippines are prestigious events organized by the National Commission for Culture and
the Arts (NCCA). The conferment of the National Artist Award is a biennial event that
recognizes individuals who have made significant contributions to the development of
Philippine arts and culture.

The GAMABA Award, on the other hand, honors traditional folk artists and indigenous
knowledge bearers. The ceremonies typically involve a rigorous selection process, including
nominations, screenings, and evaluations by panels of experts. Once chosen, the awardees
are officially proclaimed by the President of the Philippines. The actual awarding ceremony is
a grand event attended by government officials, cultural luminaries, and the general public.

During the ceremony, each awardee is presented with a medallion, citation, and, in the case
of National Artists, a cash prize. The event serves not only to celebrate the achievements of
the honorees but also to highlight the importance of arts and culture in national identity and
development. It's a momentous occasion that brings together the cultural community to honor
those who have made exceptional contributions to the country's artistic and cultural heritage.

History and Evolution

The term "National Artist" and "Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan" (GAMABA) are distinctions
conferred in the Philippines to recognize outstanding contributions to the arts and cultural
heritage.

National Artist:

History: The National Artist of the Philippines is a title established in 1972 through Presidential
Proclamation No. 1001. It aims to honor individuals who have made significant contributions to
the development of Philippine arts and culture. –

Evolution: Over the years, the categories expanded to include various fields such as Music,
Dance, Theater Arts, Literature, Visual Arts, Film and Broadcast Arts, and Architecture and Allied
Arts. The criteria for selection encompass artistic excellence, historical significance, and
national impact. *GAMABA (Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan):* -

History: GAMABA, or the National Living Treasures Award, was established in 1992 by Republic
Act No. 7355. It recognizes traditional artists and practitioners of the country's intangible
cultural heritage.

Evolution: Unlike the National Artist award, GAMABA focuses on traditional and indigenous arts.
Awardees, known as "Manlilikha ng Bayan," are individuals or groups engaged in traditional
art forms such as performing arts, traditional medicine, and crafts. The goal is to preserve and
promote these cultural expressions.
Both awards play a crucial role in preserving and promoting the rich cultural heritage of the
Philippines, acknowledging the diverse talents and contributions of individuals to the nation's
artistic legacy.

Impact

The title "National Artist" is bestowed upon individuals in the Philippines who have made
significant contributions to the development of Philippine arts and culture. These individuals
are recognized for their outstanding achievements and are considered as cultural
ambassadors. The conferment of the National Artist title aims to honor and preserve the
country's artistic heritage.

On the other hand, GAMABA, or the Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan, recognizes traditional
folk artists and indigenous knowledge bearers who have made exemplary contributions to the
country's traditional arts and crafts. It is another way of acknowledging and preserving the rich
cultural diversity of the Philippines.

Both National Artists and GAMABA awardees play pivotal roles in shaping and preserving
Filipino culture. They contribute to the nation's identity by showcasing various forms of artistic
expression, from visual arts and literature to performing arts and traditional crafts. Through their
work, these individuals help instill a sense of pride and appreciation for the country's cultural
heritage. Furthermore, the recognition of National Artists and GAMABA awardees often leads
to increased awareness and support for the arts, both locally and internationally.

Their influence extends beyond their specific fields, inspiring new generations of artists and
contributing to the overall development of Filipino culture. In summary, National Artists and
GAMABA awardees have a profound impact on Filipino culture by preserving and promoting
the nation's artistic heritage, fostering a sense of national pride, and inspiring future generations
to contribute to the dynamic and diverse landscape of Filipino arts and culture.

Challenge

As of my last knowledge update in January 2022, the National Artist of the Philippines and the
Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan (GAMABA) awards have been subjects of challenges and
controversies.

1. Selection Process Controversies:

Some controversies revolve around the selection process for National Artists, with allegations
of favoritism, political influence, and lack of transparency.

Critics argue that certain deserving individuals may be overlooked or that the process is
susceptible to manipulation.

2. Questionable Choices:

Occasionally, there have been disputes over the choice of individuals as National Artists or
GAMABA awardees, with debates arising on whether they truly embody the excellence and
contribution expected of recipients.

3. Political Interference:

The awards have, at times, been marred by allegations of political interference, where the
selection is perceived as influenced by the government of the day, compromising the integrity
of the awards.
4. Lack of Representation:

Some critics argue that certain sectors or regions are underrepresented among National Artists
and GAMABA awardees, leading to discussions about the inclusivity and diversity of the
selection process.

5. Relevance of Categories:

Discussions have emerged on whether the existing categories adequately cover the diverse
fields of art and culture in the Philippines, and whether adjustments or additions are needed.

6. Posthumous Awards:

The issue of awarding National Artist titles posthumously has been debated, with differing
opinions on whether the honor should be reserved for living individuals.

It's essential to note that the information might have evolved since my last update, and new
developments or changes may have occurred in the realm of National Artists and GAMABA
awards. For the latest and most accurate information, consider checking recent news sources
or official announcements from relevant institutions.

International Collaboration and Recognition

International collaboration and recognition of national artists and Gawad sa Manlilikha ng
Bayan (GAMABA) awardees play a crucial role in promoting cultural diversity and fostering
global appreciation for the rich cultural heritage of a country.
Collaborations can involve exhibitions, cultural exchanges, and joint projects that showcase
the talents and contributions of these individuals on an international stage.
Recognition from the international community not only elevates the status of national artists
and GAMABA awardees but also creates opportunities for cross-cultural dialogue, enriching
the global artistic landscape. It enhances the visibility of the unique artistic expressions that
embody the cultural identity of a nation, fostering mutual understanding and respect.

The National Artist of the Philippines is the highest recognition given to individuals who have
made significant contributions to the development of Philippine arts and culture. As of my last
knowledge update in January 2022, here are 20 National Artists in different categories:

Examples of National Artists in Different Categories

1. Fernando Amorsolo (Visual Arts - Painting)- Known for his mastery in depicting rural scenes
and Filipino culture.
2. Levi Celerio (Music - Composition) - A prolific composer and lyricist, known for his
contributions to Filipino music.
3. Nick Joaquin (Literature)- A prominent writer and journalist, considered one of the greatest
Filipino writers in English.
4. Lamberto Avellana (Film and Theater) - A filmmaker and director, known for his significant
contributions to Philippine cinema.
5. Napoleon Abueva (Visual Arts - Sculpture)- A renowned sculptor, often referred to as the
"Father of Modern Philippine Sculpture."
6. Andres Bonifacio (Historical Literature) - Posthumously conferred for his contributions to
historical literature.
7. Lucio San Pedro (Music - Composition) - A composer known for his contributions to Filipino
classical music.
8. Wilfrido Ma. Guerrero (Theater) - A playwright and theater director, recognized for his impact
on Philippine theater.
9. Bienvenido Lumbera (Literature) - A poet, critic, and dramatist, recognized for his
contributions to Philippine literature.
10. Francisco Arcellana (Literature) - A multi-awarded writer and critic, known for his short
stories and essays.
11. Benedicto Cabrera (Visual Arts - Painting) - A contemporary visual artist known for his
significant contributions to Philippine art.
12. Ryan Cayabyab (Music - Composition) - A composer and musical director, recognized for
his achievements in the field of music.
13. Alice Reyes (Dance) - A choreographer and founder of Ballet Philippines, contributing to
the development of dance in the country.
14. Eddie Romero (Film and Theater) - A filmmaker and scriptwriter, recognized for his
contributions to Philippine cinema.
15. Virgilio Almario (Literature) - A poet, critic, and scholar, known for his contributions to
Philippine literature and language.
16. Amelia Lapeña-Bonifacio (Theater) - A playwright and theater artist, known for her
contributions to Philippine children's theater.
17. Kidlat Tahimik (Film and New Media) - An independent filmmaker recognized for his unique
contributions to Philippine cinema.
18. Ang Kiukok (Visual Arts - Painting) - A modernist painter known for his distinctive and
powerful artworks.
19. Hernando Ocampo (Visual Arts - Painting) - A modernist painter and founding member of
the Filipino artists' group, the "Thirteen Moderns."
20. Francisco Feliciano (Music - Composition) - A composer recognized for his significant
contributions to contemporary Filipino classical music.

Examples of GAMABA Awardees in Different Categories

1. Teofilo Garcia - Master of Pabalat Craft (2012)

2. Lang Dulay - Master of T'nalak Weaving (1998)

3. Samaon Sulaiman - Master of Okir Design (1993)

4. Estelita Bantilan - Master of Banig Craft (2000)

5. Yabing Masalon Dulo - B'laan ikat weaver (2014)

6. Salinta Monon - Tboli ikat weaver (2000)

7. Alon Daya-as - Hanunuo-Mangyan ambahan poet (2011)

8. Masino Intaray - Blaan epics chanter (2011)

9. Uwang Ahadas - B'laan epic chanter (2012)

10. Ligaya Amilbangsa - Master of S'bung and Okir (2015)

11. Magdalena Gamayo - Abel Iloko weaver (2012)

12. Alon Bandao - Yakan kulintang musician (1993)

13. Ibrahim Jubaira - Yakan kulintang musician (2006)

14. Datu Tantungin Hadoy - Tboli k’lintang player (2014)

15. Ligaya Fernando-Amilbangsa - S'bung-s'bung batok artist (2015)

16. Uwang Ahadas - B'laan epic chanter (2012)

17. Lang Dulay - T'nalak weaver (1998)

18. Kintaro Baldovino - Inabel weaver (2012)

19. Estelita Tumandan Bantilan - Banig weaver (2000)

20. Manlilikha ng Bayan Basilio Esteban Villaruz - Traditional dance researcher (2015)