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Structural Analysis-I, B. Tech, 4th Semester, Civil Engineering, Module III Compressed

The document is a lecture presentation on calculating deflection in pin-jointed trusses using the unit load method. It introduces truss types and perfect trusses. It explains that trusses experience only axial forces and the unit load method calculates deflection at a joint by applying a unit load. The procedure calculates real member forces, applies a unit load, then determines deflection based on member properties and forces. Sign conventions and analyzing for horizontal and vertical deflection are also covered.

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42 views

Structural Analysis-I, B. Tech, 4th Semester, Civil Engineering, Module III Compressed

The document is a lecture presentation on calculating deflection in pin-jointed trusses using the unit load method. It introduces truss types and perfect trusses. It explains that trusses experience only axial forces and the unit load method calculates deflection at a joint by applying a unit load. The procedure calculates real member forces, applies a unit load, then determines deflection based on member properties and forces. Sign conventions and analyzing for horizontal and vertical deflection are also covered.

Uploaded by

monthly.hind0x
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Course Title: Structural Analysis – I

Course Code: RCI4C003


Lecture PPT of Module – III
4th Semester, B. Tech
Civil Engineering

By
Dr. Kishor Chandra Panda
Professor and Head
Department of Civil Engineering
GCEK, Bhawanipatna, Odisha
Deflection of Pin - Jointed
Truss by Unit Load Method

Dr. Kishor Chandra Panda


Professor and Head
Department of Civil Engineering
GCEK, Bhawanipatna, Odisha
Introduction
 A truss consists of the number of members connected at the
joint called as pin-jointed truss.
 It is assumed that pin-jointed truss carry axial force only.
 A truss which satisfies the equation (m = 2j – 3) is known
as perfect truss.
 A perfect truss is one which has just sufficient members to
keep the truss in equilibrium under any external force
acting at its joints.
 Truss is a structural member that is assembled in such a
way that forces are applied only on the ends.

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Classification of Truss
Statically
determinate
plane truss
Plane Truss
Statically
indeterminate
plane truss
Statically
determinate
space truss
Space Truss
Statically
indeterminate
space truss
Perfect Truss
Truss
Imperfect
Truss

Simple Truss

Compound
Truss

Complex
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Zero Force Members used for analysis of the Truss

• The zero force members may be directly used, during the


analysis of the truss.
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Deflection of pin-jointed plane truss by unit load method
 Unit load method can be used for finding deflection of a single joint at a time.
Deflection of the truss can be find out by

Where, ∆ = Displacement at the point in the direction of unit load applied


P´ = Stress due to unit load
e = Strain due to applied load
 In the case of a pin-jointed plane frames, there is only one type of stress, i.e.
direct stress. This stress may be different in different members but is constant at
all points in a member.
 Hence,

Where, ∑ is to cover all the members


A = Cross sectional area of members
L = Length of the member
P´ = Stress due to unit load =
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Where, k = Force in the member due to unit load
e = Strain due to given load

Where, P = force in the member due to given loading


 Displacement at a point in the direction of unit load is

• The method needs analysis of the truss twice, once with the given
loading to get ‘P’ terms, and second time with unit load to get ‘k’ terms.
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Sign Convention
 If the force in the member of the truss is tensile in nature, the arrow
mark should be away from the joint.

 If the force in the member of the truss is compressive in nature, the


arrow mark should be towards the joint.

 Use tensile force in the member of the truss positive (+) and
compressive force negative (-)
 In the analysis of each joint, use write arrow mark positive and left
arrow mark negative. Also, upward arrow mark positive and
downward arrow mark negative.
 Clockwise moment positive and anticlockwise moment negative.

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Procedure for calculating truss deflection

 First, calculate the real forces in the member of the truss either by
method of joints or by method of sections due to externally applied
forces. (P)
 Then, calculate forces in the member of the truss consider the
virtual load system such that only a unit load is considered at the
joint in the horizontal or in the vertical direction where the
deflection is required. (k)
 The length of the truss member is calculated from the geometry. (L)
 The area of the truss member is known in the problem. (A)
 Modulus of Elasticity is known in the problem, (E)
 Displacement at the joint is calculated in the direction of unit load
is
∆
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