CHAPTER # 3

EQUATIONS
TOPICS:
1) POLYNOMIAL FUNCTION
➢ Constant, Linear, Quadratic, Cubic, Biquadratic, Quintic, Graph of Polynomial
functions
2) POLYNOMIAL EQUATION
➢ Solution of Polynomial equations, Roots or zeros
3) THEOREMS
➢ Remainder, Factor, Rational root, Root location, Descarte’s Sign, Sum and Product of
roots of a polynomial
4) SYNTHETIC DIVISION
5) QUADRATIC FUNCTION
➢ Graph of Quadratic function, Forms of Quadratic function: Standard, Vertex, Factor
6) QUADRATIC EQUATION
➢ General form, Solution methods: Factorization, Quadratic formula, Completing the
square
7) RELATION BETWEEN THE ROOTS AND THE COEFFICIENTS OF
QUADRATIC EQUATION
➢ Sum and Product of roots, Difference of roots, Examples
8) FORMATION OF QUADRATIC EQUATION
9) NATURE OF ROOTS OF A QUADRATIC EQUATION
10) KEY POINTS FOR QUADRATIC EQUATION
11) CUBE ROOTS OF UNITY
➢ Properties, Power of omega, Key points, Examples, Polar form
12) FOURTH ROOTS OF UNITY
➢ Properties, Key points, Polar form
13) EQUATIONS REDUCIBLE TO QUADRATIC EQUATIONS
14) RECIPROCAL EQUATIONS
➢ Reciprocal equation of even and odd degree: Type I and Type II
15) MISCELLANEOUS TOPICS
➢ Problems involving Quadratic equations, System of two equations
MCQs:
1) If x2 + x + b is divided by x + 2 and the remainder is 1, then value of b is
A) 1 B) -1
C) 0 D) 2
2) The complex cube roots of unity are
A) 1, ,  2 B) ,  2
C) 1, −1, i, −i D) None
2 x + 4 + x 2 + 13 11
3) If =− , then value of x is
2 x + 4 − x + 13
2 3
A) 3 B) 6
C) 9 D) None
2
4) If the area of square is 625m , then its semi perimeter is
A) 25 B) 50
C) 75 D) 100
5) A square is made by connecting the midpoints of the sides of another square. The length of
outer square is 2 unit. What is the length of the inner square?
A) 2 B) 2
2
C) 1 D)
2
6) Find the point of intersection of x + y = 1 and x − y = 0
2 2

 1 1   −1 −1 
A)  ,−  B)  , 
 2 2  2 2
 1 1 
C)  ,  D) Both B and C
 2 2
7) The equation x − 3 = 3 − x is satisfied when
A) x  3 B) x  4
C) x  3 D) x  4
8) If 3 + 5.22 x − 21 = 0, then x =
1− x

A) 0 B) 1
C) 2 D) 3
9) The sum of the square of a certain positive integer and six times the integer 16. What is the
number?
A) 2 B) -8
C) -3 D) Both A and B
10) If 4 and 5 are the roots, then quadratic equation will be
A) x2 − 9x − 20 = 0 B) x2 − 9x + 20 = 0
C) x2 + x − 20 = 0 D) x2 + x + 20 = 0
11) The roots of quadratic equation ax2 − bx − c = 0 are irrational and unequal if
A) b2 + 4ac  0 B) b2 + 4ac = 0
C) b2 + 4ac  0 D) b2 + 4ac  0
12) The product of cube roots of unity is
A) 0 B) 1
C) 2 D) 3
13) The sum of cube roots of unity is
A) 0 B) 1
C)  D)  2
14) (1 −  −  2 ) =
8

A) 256 B) 256 2
C) 256 D) −256
15) If one root of the equation 4 x − 2 x + (t + 4) = 0 be the reciprocal of the other, then t =
2

A) 0 B) 4
C) 2 D) 8
16) The roots of the equation 3x2 − 2 x + 3 = 0 is
A) Real and unequal B) Real and equal
C) Complex and unequal D) Cannot be determined
17) Quadratic equation with equal roots
A) x2 − 5 = 0 B) x2 −1 = 0
C) x2 −12 x + 36 = 0 D) x2 + 5x + 6 = 0
18) One root of quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 is zero, if
A) a = 0 B) b = 0
C) c = 0 D) None
3
19) The roots of the equation x − = 2 are
x
A) 1, 3 B) -1, -3
C) 1, -3 D) -1, 3
20) Which of the following is not a quadratic equation?
A) ( x + 1) 2 = 2( x − 3) B) x2 − 2 x = −2(3 − x)
C) ( x − 3)(2 x + 1) = x( x + 5) D) x2 + 3x + 1 = ( x − 2)2
21) The sum of the roots of the equation 9 x2 − 5x + 36 = 0 is
5 5
A) B)
27 9
C) −3 D) None
22) If the determinants of ax + bx + c = 0 is a perfect square, then its roots are
2

A) Equal B) Irrational
C) Rational D) Real
23) The quadratic equation whose one root is 3 + 3i is
A) x2 + 6 x + 12 = 0 B) x2 − 6 x + 12 = 0
C) x2 − 6 x + 7 = 0 D) x2 + 6 x + 5 = 0
24) The roots of the equation x 2 + 16 = 0 are:
A)  4i B)  4
C)  8i D)  16i
25) The product of the roots of the equation 12 x2 − 7 x + 4 = 0 is
−7 12
A) B)
12 7
7 1
C) D)
12 3
26) A man distributed Rs. 1000 equally among destitute of his street. If there had been 5
more destitute, each would have received Rs. 10 less. Find the number of destitute?
A) 25 B) 20
C) 30 D) 50
27) If  ,  are the roots of the equation 5x − x − 2 = 0 , then find the equation with roots
2

1 1
,
 
A) 2 x2 − x − 5 = 0 B) 2 x2 + x − 5 = 0
C) x2 − 3x −1 = 0 D) 5x2 − 2 x − 8 = 0
28) If the area of a rectangle is 56 and the length is one more than the width, then the
dimensions are
A) -8, -7 B) 8, 7
C) 14, 4 D) 28, 2
29) If 2 x + 2 + 7 x = 11 , then x =
A) 2 B) 3
C) 6 D) 7
30) If the roots of the equation 9 x + 4ax + 4 = 0 are imaginary, then
2

A) a  ( −3,3) B) a   −3,3
C) a  (−, −3]  [3, ) D) None
31) If y + y − 2 y − 8 y + 2 is divided by y − 2 then the remainder is
4 3 2

A) 8 B) 2
C) -1 D) -8
32) Which is the root of the equation x − x − 6 x2 + 2 x + 4 ?
4 3

A) 1 B) 2
C) -2 D) -1
1+ x 1− x
33) 9 + 9 = 15 is called_______ equation.
A) Exponential B) Radical
C) Reciprocal D) Simultaneous
34) The length of a room is 3 meters greater than its breadth. If the area of the room is 180
square meters, the length and breadth of the room are
A) 13, 10 B) 14, 11
C) 15, 12 D) None
35) 3x − 2 x + 4 x − 2 x + 3 = 0 is called _______ equation.
4 3 2

A) Exponential B) Quadratic
C) Reciprocal D) Cubic
36) If x + a is one of the factors of the polynomial ax2 + bx + c , then:
A) a = 0 B) b = 0
C) a + ab + c = 0
3
D) a3 − ab + c = 0
37) To complete a job A and B take 4 days together. A alone takes twice as long as B alone
finished the same job. How long would each one alone takes to do job?
A) A 12-days, B 5-days B) A 16-days, B 8-days
C) A 12-days, B 6-days D) A 6-days, B 3-days
38) If the roots of the quadratic equation 5x − px + 1 = 0 are real and distinct then
2

A) −2  p  2 B) −2 3  p  2 5
C) p  −2 5, p  2 5 D) −2 5  p  2 5
39) If the roots of the equation ax2 + bx + a = 0 are complex then the roots of
x2 + 4ax + b2 = 0 are
A) Real B) Complex
C) Rational D) Equal

40) x = 6 + 6 + 6 + ... , then x =

A) -2 B) 3
C) Both A and B D) None
41) If  ,  are the roots of x2 − 2 x + 1 = 0 , then  2 +  2 =
A) 8 B) -8
C) 2 D) 0
42) The quadratic equation, whose roots are -2 and -3, is:
A) x 2 + 6 x − 5 = 0 B) x 2 + 5x + 6 = 0
C) x 2 − 5x + 6 = 0 D) x 2 − 6 x + 5 = 0
43) If one root of 4 x2 + 7hx + h2 + 9 = 0 is zero, then h =
A) 0 B) 3
C) 3i D) 3
44) If the roots of the equation px + qx + r = 0 are imaginary the q 2 − 4 pr is.
2

A) Zero B) Less than zero

C) Greater than zero D) Perfect square
−i + 3
45) If one root of the quadratic equation , then the product of roots is
2
3
A) −i B)
2
C) 3 D) 1
1
46) If the equation 13x2 + 13x + k = 0 has roots  and , then k is equal to

A) 1 B) 13
C) 5 D) -5
47) The quadratic equation whose roots are reciprocal of the roots of 2 x2 + 5x + 3 = 0 is
A) 3x2 − 5x + 2 = 0 B) 3x2 + 5x − 3 = 0
C) 3x2 + 5x + 2 = 0 D) None
48) Sum and product of roots of a quadratic equation are 5 and 6, respectively. What will be
the difference of roots?
A) 0 B) 1
C) 2 D) None
49) Cube roots of -27 are
A) 3, −3, −3 2 B) 3,3 ,3 2
C) −3, −3, −3 2 D) −3,3,3 2
50) Product of four fourth roots of 81 is
A) 27 B) -9
C) -81 D) 3
51) If 2 x+3 = 1 , then x is equal to
32
A) 2 B) -8
C) -2 D) 8
52) If  is a complex cube root of unity then 39 +  40 +  41 =
A) 1 B) 
C)  2 D) 0
53) If x1 , x2 are the roots of the equation 2 x + kx − 3 = 0 and x1 + x2 = 1 then k =
2

A) 3 B) 2
C) 1 D) -2
54) Minimum positive integral value of k for which the equation 2 x2 + 6 x + k = 0 has
complex roots is
A) 4 B) 3
C) 5 D) 0
55) Conjugate of 
A) − B) − 2
C)  2 D) 1
56) Tom is just 6 years older than jerry; the total of their ages is 24. What is the age of tom?
A) 6 B) 9
C) 12 D) 15
57) If a − b = 4 and ab = 1 , then a + b =
2 2

A) 6 B) 12
C) 18 D) 20
58) The floor of a rectangular room has dimension 18 feet by 24 feet. How many square tiles
each with sides of length 1 foot, are needed to make a boarder of single row of tiles on the
floor along the edges of the room?
A) 84 B) 82
C) 80 D) 78
59) An equation whose roots are  and  is 2

A) x2 + x + 1 = 0 B) x2 − x + 1 = 0
C) x2 + x − 1 = 0 D) x2 + x = 0
60) The equation y6 − 26 y3 − 27 = 0 has
A) One real and five imaginary roots B) Two real and four imaginary roots
C) All real roots D) All imaginary roots
61) The value of (1 +  ) is
2 3

A) 1 B) 
C) −1 D) − 
62) The product of the roots of the equation y 2 + 1 = 7 y − 7 is
A) 4 B) 1
C) 7 D) 8
1 1
63) If  ,  are the roots of the equation 4 x2 + 3x + 7 = 0 , then + =
 
7 7
A) B) −
3 3
3 3
C) D) −
7 7
64) Highest power of a variable in a polynomial is called
A) Factor B) Root
C) Degree D) Group
65) For an equation x − 5x + 9 = 0 , if S and P represents sum and product of roots, then
2

which of the following is true?

A) S2 = 4P −1 B) S2 = 3P − 2
C) S2 = 3P+1 D) None
66) If D  0 , and not perfect square then roots of ax2 + bx + c = 0 are
A) Equal B) Imaginary
C) Rational D) Irrational
67) The polynomial 3x − x − 22 x + 24 has one factor equals to
3 2

A) x + 3 B) x + 1
C) x + 2 D) x −1
68) The sum of the two complex cube roots of unity is
A) Unity B) Zero
C) -1 D) None of these
69) An equation in x is said to be a reciprocal equation, if it is remains unchanged when x is
replaced by
A) x B) − x
1 1
C) D)
x x
70) The equation x6 = 1 has
A) Only one root B) No roots
C) Two roots D) Six roots
71) A Fourth-degree polynomial equation is called
A) Linear equation B) Quadratic equation
C) Cubic Equation D) Quartic equation
72) (1 +  −  2 ) =
8

A) 256 B) 256 2
C) −256 D) −256 2
73) (1 + 2 + 3 2 )(3 + 2 +  2 ) =
A) 3 B) 3 2
C) 3 3 D) -3
 1
74) The sum of a number and its reciprocal is 2 , then the number is
2
1 3
A) − B)
2 2
C) 2 D) −2
75) For what value of p, q will both roots of the equation y 2 + (2 p − 8) y = 2q + 9 vanish?
A) (4,3) B) (2,3)
 −9 
C) (9, 4) D)  4, 
 2 
76) The integral values of x for which 3x  x + 6 and 2 x + 4  3x + 6
A) -1, 0, 1, 2, 3 B) 2, 3, 4
C) -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3 D) -1, 0, 1
77) Given that −5  2 x  7, the smallest integral value of x is
A) -2 B) -1
C) 0 D) -3
x3 − 3x 2 + 5 x − 6
78) =
x−2
A) x2 − x + 3 B) x + 3
C) x − 3 D) x2 − x
16
79) The middle term to make the expression x 2 + a perfect square is
25
8 1
A)  B) 
5 5x
8x
C)  D) 8x
5
80) A is 4 years older than B, who is 3 times as old as C if the sum of their ages is 25 years.
How old is B?
A) 3 years B) 9 years
C) 12 years D) 13 years
81) If a father is twice as old as his son, six years ago father was thrice as old as his son. Find
the present age of the son?
A) 10 B) 12
C) 120 D) 6
82) Six consecutive integers are given. The sum of the first three is 27. What is the sum of the
last three?
A) 29 B) 30
C) 32 D) 36
83) If a + b = 2 and ab = 1 , then a3 + b3 =
A) 5 B) 4
C) 3 D) 2
84) Given that 3  x  5 and −4  y  −1, the greatest possible value of x − y is
A) 3 B) 7
C) 9 D) 15
 3 4 y−x
85) If x = and y = , then =
4 7 y+x
−5
A) -1 B)
37
5 1
C) D)
37 37
86) The sum of two numbers is 25 and the difference of their square equals 125, then find the
difference of these number is
A) 5 B) 25
C) 50 D) None
x
87) If x + 3 y = 6 and 2 x − y = 3 , then =
y
15 3
A) B)
9 7
3 15
C) D)
5 7
88) If 16x = 4 and 5x+ y = 625 , then y =
A) 2 B) 5
25 7
C) D)
2 2
1
89) If x = , then x =
x
A) 1 B) 0
C) 1 D) 
1 2+ 2
90) − =
2− 2 2
A)  0 B)  0
C) = 0 D) None
91) Find the value of: ( x + 2)( x − 2)( x + 2 x + 2)( x2 − 2 x + 2) , if x − 2 = 0
2

A) 0 B) 2
C) 4 D) 6
92) If 1  a  3 & 2  b  4 , then
A) 10  2a + b  7 B) 1  2a + b  5
C) 3  2a + b  7 D) 4  2a + b  10
93) If one root of x2 − 8x + a = 0 is thrice the other, then a =
A) 12 B) 6
C) 2 D) 8
94) How many solutions are there of the equation 2 x + 4 y = 2, 4 x + 8 y = 4
A) Infinite many solutions B) 3
C) 2 D) None
 1
95) If x = 2 + 3 , then x − =
x
A) 2 (3 − 3) B) 4 − 2 3
C) 3 3 D) 2 3
96) x − 4 = 2 , then x =
A) 4, 0 B) 6, 2
C) 3, 2 D) 2,3
97) Roots of x2 + 7 x + 12 = 0 & x2 + 14 x + 48 = 0 are
A) Same B) Double
C) Reciprocal D) None
98) One root of the equation x + px + q = 0 is 2 − 3i . The value of p & q are
2

A) p = −4, q = 13 B) p = 2, q = 13
C) p = 4, q = 11 D) p = 4, q = 9
1
99) If f ( x) = 3x5 + 4 x2 + 3x + 7 is divided by x − , then quotient is
2
3 3 35 83 3 3 35 83
A) 3x 4 + x3 + x 2 + x + B) x 4 + x3 + x 2 + x +
2 4 8 16 4 8 16 32
C) x4 + 3x3 + 3x2 + 35x + 83 D) 3x4 + 4 x3 + 8x2 + x + 1
2
100) 2 + + 8 =

A) 8 B) 4
C) 6 D) None
101) Each complex cube roots of unity is
A) Reciprocal of other B) Multiplicative inverse of other
C) Additive inverse of other D) Both A and B
102) Cube & Fourth roots of unity are
A) 1, ,  2 : 1, − 1 B)  ,  2 : 1, − 1
C) 1, ,  3 : 1, −1, i, − i D) 1, ,  2 : 1, − 1, i, − i
103) The quadratic equation whose coefficients are rational and whose one root is 1 + 2 is
A) x2 − 3x −1 = 0 B) x2 + 2 x − 1 = 0
C) − x2 + 2 x − 1 = 0 D) x2 − 2 x − 1 = 0
104) Number of solutions of x 2 − 3 x + 2 = 0 is
A) 4 B) 1
C) 2 D) 3
105) Four fourth roots of 256 are
A) 1,  i B) 8,  8i
C) 2,  2i D) 4,  4i
106) Which of the following is true about the graph of y = 3 − 2 x + x2 ?
A) Parabola open rightward B) Parabola open leftward
C) Parabola open downward D) Parabola open upward
107) For what value of m, roots of equation 4 x2 − (2m − 7) x + m2 −1 = 0 are additive inverse
of each other?
5 7
A) B)
2 2
3 1
C) D)
2 2
108) The sum of digits of a two-digit number is 7, when we interchange the digits, new
number is 9 more than the original number, the number is
A) 25 B) 61
C) 34 D) 43
1
109) If  ,  are the roots of x2 + x + 1 = 0 , then the equation hose roots are 50 and  49 is

A) x − x + 1 = 0
2
B) x + 2 x + 1 = 0
2

C) x + x + 1 = 0
2
D) Cannot be determine
110) If 4 x2 − 1 is a factor of 2 x4 + 4ax3 + bx 2 + 1 then the value of a and b are respectively
1
A) 0,1 B) 0,
2
1 9
C) 0, − D) 0, −
2 2
ANSWER KEY:

1 B 21 B 41 C 61 C 81 B 101 D

2 B 22 C 42 B 62 D 82 D 102 D

3 B 23 B 43 C 63 D 83 D 103 D

4 B 24 A 44 B 64 C 84 C 104 A

5 B 25 D 45 D 65 B 85 B 105 D

6 D 26 B 46 B 66 D 86 A 106 D

7 C 27 B 47 C 67 A 87 A 107 B

8 B 28 B 48 B 68 C 88 D 108 C

9 A 29 D 49 C 69 C 89 C 109 C

10 B 30 A 50 C 70 D 90 C 110 D

11 C 31 B 51 B 71 D 91 A

12 B 32 A 52 D 72 A 92 D

13 A 33 A 53 D 73 B 93 A

14 C 34 C 54 C 74 C 94 A

15 A 35 C 55 C 75 D 95 D

16 C 36 D 56 D 76 C 96 B

17 C 37 C 57 C 77 A 97 B

18 C 38 C 58 C 78 A 98 A

19 D 39 A 59 A 79 C 99 A

20 D 40 C 60 B 80 B 100 C