NoSQL and DBaaS

MCQs
1. NoSQL stands for =>[D]

a) No to SQL

b) Not Only QSL

c) New Object SQL

d) None of the above

2. Which of the followings is not an example of NoSQL database =>[C]

a) Key-value oriented DB

b) Document oriented DB

c) File oriented DB
d) Graph oriented DB

3. Which of the following best describes MongoDB? =>[B]

a) Key-value oriented DB
b) Document oriented DB

c) Column oriented DB

d) Graph oriented DB

4. Which of the following best describes Google’s Bogtable? =>[C]

a) Key-value oriented DB

b) Document oriented DB
c) Column oriented DB

d) Graph oriented DB
5. Which of the following best describes CouchDB? =>[B]

a) Key-value oriented DB
b) Document oriented DB

c) Column oriented DB

d) Graph oriented DB

6. Which of the following best describes Amazon’s Dynamo? =>[A]

a) Key-value oriented DB

b) Document oriented DB
c) Column oriented DB
d) Graph oriented DB

7. The ability of the system to continue operation in the presence of network divisions is: =>[B]

a) Consistency
b) Partition tolerance

c) Reliability

d) Availability

8. The term BASE stands for =>[C]

a) Basically Available System Estimation

b) Basically available System Eventual consistency

c) Basically available Soft-state Eventual consistency

d) Basically available Software Eventual consistency

9. To partition the data in such a way that data typically requested and updated together resides
on the same node is: =>[D]

a) Partitioning
b) Clustering
c) Separating Reads from Writes

d) Sharding

10. A table of a relational model gets serialized as its lines are appended and flushed to disk
=>[A]
a) Columnar Storage Layout

b) Row-Based Storage Layout

c) Columnar Storage Layout with Locality Groups

d) Log Structured Merge Tree

11. Which of the following is not a NoSQL database? =>[A]

a) SQL Server
b) MongoDB

c) Cassandra

d) None of the mentioned

12. Point out the correct statement. =>[D]

a) Documents can contain many different key-value pairs, or key-array pairs, or even nested
documents
b) MongoDB has official drivers for a variety of popular programming languages and
development environments
c) When compared to relational databases, NoSQL databases are more scalable and provide
superior performance
d) All of the mentioned

13. Which of the following is a NoSQL Database Type? =>[B]

a) SQL
b) Document databases

c) JSON
d) All of the mentioned

14. Which of the following is a wide-column store? =>[A]

a) Cassandra

b) Riak

c) MongoDB
d) Redis

15. Point out the wrong statement. =>[C]

a) Non-Relational databases require that schemas be defined before you can add data
b) NoSQL databases are built to allow the insertion of data without a predefined schema

c) NewSQL databases are built to allow the insertion of data without a predefined schema

d) All of the mentioned

16. “Sharding” a database across many server instances can be achieved with _______________
=>[D]
a) LAN

b) SAN

c) MAN

d) All of the mentioned

17. Most NoSQL databases support automatic __________ meaning that you get high
availability and disaster recovery. =>[C]

a) processing

b) scalability

c) replication
d) all of the mentioned
18. Which of the following are the simplest NoSQL databases? =>[A]

a) Key-value
b) Wide-column

c) Document

d) All of the mentioned

19. ________ stores are used to store information about networks, such as social connections.
=>[D]

a) Key-value
b) Wide-column

c) Document

d) Graph

20. NoSQL databases is used mainly for handling large volumes of ______________ data.
=>[A]
a) unstructured

b) structured

c) semi-structured

d) all of the mentioned

21. You want all your colleagues to be able to access the compute node associated with an
Oracle Database Cloud – Database as a service (DBaaS) instance. You want them to do so by
using a custom host name rather than an IP address regardless of the client machine (personal or
provided by the company) that they use for the access. How would you enable this access?
=>[C]
a) Configure the Advanced Security Option (ASO).

b) Enable secure access to the DBaaS instance VM and database instance from remote hosts by
using SSH

c) Contact the administrator of your company’s intranet DNS and request a custom DNS record
for the compute node’s public IP address
d) Edit the machine’s /etc/hostfile.
e) Resolve your domain name to the IP address

of the DBaaS compute node by using the third party domain registration vendor console.

22. With Oracle Database Cloud Service as the subscription type, you must configure a database
for Backup and Recovery. Which two options do you have to back up your database instance?
=>[A,C]

a) No backups required. You are responsible for configuring the database backups.
b) Backup to cloud storage and VM block storage. Ten days worth of backups are kept, with five
most recent days worth of backups available directly on VM block storage.

c) Backup to Oracle Cloud Service storage volumes that is equal to five times the value that was
provided in Usable Sata Storage when the instance was created.

d) Backup to cloud storage and VM block storage. Fourteen days worth of backups are kept, with
seven most recent days worth of backups available directly on VM block storage

23. Users must be granted roles to manage cloud services. Which three statements are true about
roles and role assignment in Database as a Service (DBaaS)? =>[A,D,E]

a) Service administrators can assign and remove roles only for users of the services that they
manage

b) The DBaaS Database Administrator role permits granting the DBaaS Database Administrator
or DBaaS Database Operator role to existing users.

c) Identity domain administrators can assign and remove roles for users in any identity domains.

d) The DBaaS Database Operator role permits the ability to scale, patch, and backup or restore
service instances.

e) DBaaS network administrators can grant access privileges to designated users

24. Which users are created and can be used for database and host management of your DBaaS
database servers? =>[D]
a) root,opc, and oracle users

b) root, oracle and cloud users

c) root and oracle users

d) opc and oracle users

e) cloud and oracle users

25. Which two situations require that your Database as a Service (DBaaS) instance be scaled up?
=>[C,E]

a) The DBaaS instance is maxed out on semaphore sets.

b) The database instance has reached the limit in the license_max_sessions database parameter.

c) The DBaaS instance is maxed out on CPU.

d) The database instance is out of space in the sysaux and system table spaces.

e) The DBaaS instance is maxed out on storage.

f) The DBaaS instance is maxed out on semaphores

26. How would you enable a port persistently to keep communication open through that port
always? =>[A]

a) To enable a port persistently, you must contact your DBaaS support team to update the port
specifications for use

b) You can use servers certificates to map a server’s identity to enable persistent connection
through a port to DBaaS instances.

c) All ports that are available in DBaaS servers must use an SSH tunnel and cannot be enabled
persistently
d) To enable a port persistently, you would require access to the Compute Cloud Service Console
to open the ports to a set of IP addresses.

27. Dbaascli is a command-line interface for managing a database instance on cloud. Which two
functions can you manage with dbaascli? =>[C,E]

a) running health checks on your database

b) creating users in the database instance

c) restoring from the most recent backup

d) creating a database instance

e) applying a patch
28. Point out the correct statement. =>[A]

a) MongoDB is classified as a NoSQL database

b) MongoDB favours XML format more than JSON

c) MongoDB is column oriented database store

d) All of the mentioned

29. Which of the following language is MongoDB written in? => [C]

a) JavaScript

b) C
c) C++
d) All of the mentioned

30. Which of the following format is supported by MongoDB? =>[C]

a) SQL
b) XML

c) BSON

d) All of the mentioned

STRUCTURAL QUESTIONS
1. What is NoSQL?

 NoSQL stands for "Not Only SQL." and covers only database that is not a traditional
relational DBMS
 Its motivation is mostly simplified design, horizontal scaling and final contest over the
availability of data
2. What are the motives and main drivers of the NoSQL movement?

Motives

- Avoidance of unneeded complexity

- High data throughput
- Horizontal scalability and running on commodity hardware
 - Avoidance of expensive object-relational mapping
- Further Motives
o Optional forms of data query
o Usage of web technologies and RPC calls for access
o Reach less overhead and memory footprint of Relational Databases
Main Drives

- Big web companies or companies running large-scale web sites like Facebook, Google
and Amazon

3. What are the differences between NoSQL and SQL databases?

NoSQL

 Semi-structured data (no schema)

 High performance
 Availability
 Data replication (improves availability and performance)
 Scalability (horizontal scalability (add nodes) instead of vertical scalability (add
memory))
 Eventual consistency
 Natively versioning

SQL

 Immediate data consistency

 Powerful query language
 Structured data storage (can be too restrictive)

4. What difference do you make between ACID, CAP, and BASE?

ACID: It is the guarantee of validity even in the event of errors and common failures. It
stands for;
- Atomicity which means transactions are all or nothing
- Consistency which means that transactions maintains validity
- Isolation which means executing 2 transactions in parallel or one after the other
would have the same result
- Durability which means once transactions has been committed, it is stored in a non-
volatile memory

CAP: It is a theorem stating the impossibility to have some desirable attributes or

properties at the same time.

- CAP (Brewer’s theorem) roughly, in a distributed system, one has to choose between;
 o Consistency (every read receives the most recent write and error) and;
o Availability (every request receives a non-error r2qesponse, without
guarantee that it contains the most recent write)
o The P standing for Partition tolerance is a guarantee for availability

BASE

- BASE stands for Basic Availability, Soft-state Eventual consistency

- It is a series of properties that can be reached by distributed systems, including
NoSQL systems, and its often seen as the NoSQL version of ACID

5. What are the main categories of NoSQL systems? Describe with some illustrative examples.

Model Description Examples

Document-based - Data is stored as - Apache Couch DB,
documents (JSON for (simple for web
instance) accessible via application and reliable),
their IDS (or other - MongoDB (easy to
complexes) operate),
- Couchbase (high
concurrency and
availability)
Key-value stores - Fast access by the key to - Redis (in-memory but
the value. Value can be a persistent on disk
record, an object, a database, stores
document, or be more everything in the RAM)
complex
Column-based or wide- - Partition a table by - Cassandra, Hbase (both
column columns into columns for huge volume of data)
families, where each
column family is stored in
its own files
Graph-based - Data is represented as - Neo4j (excellent for
graphs and related as pattern recognition, and
graphs and related nodes data mining)
can be found by
traversing the edges using
path expressions
Multi-model - Supports multiple data - Apache Ignite,
nodes ArrangoDB, etc

6. What is MongoDB? What are its main characteristics?

Definition:

Mongo is agile scalable, and schema-free document database written in C++ and
developed in an open source project which is mainly driven by the company, Logen Inc.
 which aims at closing the gap between the fast and highly scalable key-value stores and
feature-rich traditional RDBMS.

Characteristics

- Document-oriented: because MongoDB is documented-oriented. The data is stored in

the database in a format that is very close to what you will be dealing with in both
server-side and client-side script. This eliminates the need to transfer data from rows
to objects and back
- High Performance: MongoDB is one of the highest performing database available
especially in today’s world, where many people interact with websites having a back-
end that can support heavy traffic is important
- High Availability: MongoDB’s replicating makes it easy to maintain scalability while
keeping high performance
- High Scalability: MongoDB structures makes it scale horizontally by sharing the data
across multiple servers
- NoSQL Injection: MongoDB is not susceptible to SQL injection (putting SQL
statements in web forms or other inputs from the browser that compromises the
database security)
- Free: Its business model leverages support and DBaaS. It was developed to propose a
cloud-base data solution
- Open-Source:
- Cross-Platform: MongoDB community server runs on all major Operating Systems
7. What are the two basic categories of cloud-based database solutions? Characterize each of
them.
- Data as a Service (DaaS)
- Database as a Servce (DBaaS)

8. Define DBaaS. What are the advantages of DBaaS over traditional database solutions?
DBaaS is a service delivery platform with shared or consolidated database infrastructure
enabling faster transactions and manages maintenance services with better scalability. The
following are advantages;

 Improved time to market

 Reduction in license and support cost
 Efficient use of hardware
 Resources are available to all consumers
 Standards are easily enforceable

9. What are the difference between Data as a Service (DaaS) and Database as a Service
(DBaaS)?

A. DaaS: offers the ability to define in the cloud and subsequently query that data on
demand unlike traditional database solutions, DaaS doesn’t implement any typical DBMS
such as SQL. Instead, the data is access via a common set of APIs.
 DaaS enables any organization
  Examples of DaaS are; Urban Mapping, a Geographic data service, provide data for
customers to embed into their own websites and apps; Xignite makes financial data
available to customers; and hoovers a done and bad
B. DBaaS: offers full DB fxnality to app devs.
In DBaaS, a management layer is responsible for the continuous monitoring and
configuring of the DB to achieve optimized scaling, high availability, multi-tenancy (.i.e.
serving multiple client organizations), and effective resource allocation in the cloud,
thereby spearing the developer from ongoing DB admin task

10. Discuss the different architectural models for Database-as-a-Service.

Architectural models for Database-as-a-Service include;

- Shared model (multiple tenants sharing a single database instance),

- Virtualized model (multiple tenants each with dedicated database instances on shared
infrastructure), and
- Containerized model (each tenant's database runs in isolated containers).

11. Situate DBaaS in the XaaS hierarchy.

SaaS - Software

DBaaS - Database
XASS hierarchy

PaaS - OS

IaSS – Base Metal