SIENA COLLEGE OF TAYTAY

Taytay, Rizal, Philippines

IBED Department
A.Y. 2022-2023
Subject: Science 10

Name of Members:

Section:
Research Plan

Direction:. Write a research plan containing the 6 Components below:

Background of the Research

Research Title Hypothesis Methodology Bibliography
Study Problem
1.

2. 1.How 1. H⁰: Bioplastic Chain, T. V. (2020,

Water-Resistant Every year, paper use durable is made of starch Materials: September 29).
Paper Bag from and production increases the paper does not make Characteristics &
Corn (Zea Mays) bag in the paper bag - Banana Stem Properties of Banana
Husk and Banana which contributes to
terms of: water-resistant, Fibers. TEXTILE
(Musa) Fiber deforestation and paper
1.aWhen able to sustain - Corn husks VALUE CHAIN.
pollution. Over 4.5 Million exposed to weight, and https://textilevaluech
or 46 % of the world’s water cannot be easily - Soda ash ain.in/2020/09/29/ch
 1.bWhen ripped apart. aracteristics-
trees have been felled there is Ha: Bioplastic - Sodium Hydroxide properties-of-
and used in the applied made of starch banana-fibers/
manufacture of paper pressure to makes the - Blender
it paper bag https:\/\/
products. The annual rate
1.cWhen it water-resistant, - Pots learn.eartheasy.com\
of deforestation was is being able to sustain /guides\/bioplastics-
estimated at 10 million ripped apart weight, and - Strainer are-they-really-
hectares between 2015- 2.How cannot be easily better\/#author.
2020, according to the much ripped apart. - Screen Mold and Deckle (2020, February 22).
United Nations Food and glycerine Bioplastics: Are They
Agriculture Organization. and vinegar 2. H⁰: Bioplastic - Sponge Really Better?
should be made of starch Eartheasy Guides &
In the Philippines, 76% of
added to do not make the - Mallet Articles.
tree loss occurred in the paper bag https://learn.eartheas
areas resulted to bioplastic to water-resistant, y.com/guides/bioplas
- Spatula
deforestation from 2001 to make it able to sustain tics-are-they-really-
2019. Proximate causes more weight, and - 1 tbsp of Starch better/
can be forest fires, pliable? cannot be easily
volcanic eruptions, dam 3.What is ripped apart. Ramdhonee, A., &
- 2 tbsp of water
the Ha: Bioplastic Jeetah, P. (2017,
constructions and
difference made of starch October 1).
operations, and logging - 1 tsp of glycerine
of the makes the Production of
for legal and illegal water- paper bag wrapping paper from
- 1 tsp of vinegar
purposes. The resistant water-resistant, banana fibres.
government continues to paper bag able to sustain ScienceDirect.
Procedures
establish and act for this from a weight, and https://www.scienced
commercial cannot be easily irect.com/science/arti
environmental situation Fiber extraction from corn husks:
paper bag? ripped apart. cle/abs/pii/S2213343
through programs and 717303950
policies. It became a 3.H⁰: Water- 1. Buy corn husk at
challenge for the Resistant paper the local market and Khalif Publishing.
government to utilize bag is not eco- collect banana stem at (2019). How to Make
friendly and local places. Paper from Corn
sources for the increasing
demand of alternative energy saving. Husks. Storm Castle.
Ha: Water- 2. Clean and rinse http://www.stormthec
pulp and paper means. off excess dirt on the
Resistant paper astle.com/paper-
bag is eco- corn husks. making/how-to-
friendly and make-paper-from-
energy saving. 3. Prepare a pot corn.htm
In addition to that, filled with water added Development and
commercial paper bags with soda ash. Evaluation of Paper
are predominantly used in from Corn Husks
4. Add the corn (Zea mays L.) and
a retail environment to aid
husks and stir them Snake Plant Fibers
consumer handling and (Sansevieria
gently.
the transportation of zeylanica). (2016).
purchased goods which 5. Simmer it for a International Journal
contributes also to minimum of 2 hours. of Science and
environmental pollution. Research (IJSR),
Common issues with the 6. Let the pot cool 5(8), 867–870.
then rinse the corn off https://doi.org/10.212
material are its water
thoroughly. Once it is 75/v5i8.3081601
resistance and durability.
rinsed you should rinse it
According to Lober, paper again, thoroughly. You
bags generate 70 more want to make sure the
air pollutants and 50 times soda ash is gone before
more water pollutants you handle it.
than plastic. Organic
resources like corn husks 7. Mash it to have
a finer strands of fiber
and over ripe bananas
also contribute to the Fiber Extraction from Banana
increase of waste Stem:
production which lead the
researchers to come up 1. Collect banana
with an idea that these stem at local places.
are potential raw
materials to produce 2. Clean and rinse
off excess dirt on the
durable paper due to its
banana stem.
fiber content and a
homemade bioplastic for 3. Chop it to small
its water resistance which pieces.
does not include the use
of various chemicals to 4. Prepare a pot
lessen the hazardous filled with water
components of the paper
5. Put the chopped
bag. banana stem in the pot.

6. Wait for it to boil

then add sodium
hydroxide

7. When done,
rinse it off well to remove
the sodium hydroxide.

8. Put it in a
blender and let it blend
into finer strands.

Paper Making:

1. Put the corn

husk and banana stem
fibres in water.

2. Mix it well to
spread the fibres.

3. Prepare a mold
and deckle then dip it to
the water to strain the
fibres moulding it into
paper.

4. Then dry out the

paper using a sponge to
absorb the water.

5. Couch the paper

on a board by flipping
the mold gently to
 remove from the mold.

6. Wait for it to dry

then it is ready for paper
use.

Water Resistant Paper Bag:

1. Prepare a pot

2. Add a
tablespoon of starch

3. 4 tbsp of water

4. 1 tsp of
glycerine

5. 1 tsp of vinegar

6. Mix everything
when its still cold then
turn the heat on.

7. Keep on stirring
until you get the perfect
consistency of the
mixture.

8. Then apply the

mixture on the paper.

9. Spread it equally
on parts.

10. Let it dry halfway

then form it into a paper
 bag.

3. Siddiqe, R. (2019).
Development of Sanitary waste has been 1. What is 1. H0: There will Materials Sustainable
Sanitary a major concern today, the be no large alternatives for
Napkins from specifically, sanitary absorbance difference in Bagasse Fiber producing
Plant-Based napkins. According to capacity of absorbance biodegradable
Materials Siddiqe (2019), the major the plant- between the Pineapple Leaf Sanitary Napkins.
source of plastic pollution based commercially Bioresearch
comes from sanitary napkin? available napkin Scissors Communications,
napkins, which is greatly and the plant- 5(2), 737-743.
overlooked as compared 3. What is based napkin Blender file:///C:/Users/User/
to other sources. A single the Downloads/162-
woman can accumulate moisture Ha There will be NaOH Solution Article%20Text-300-
about 125kg of non- retention a significant 1-10-
biodegradable waste capacity or difference in Scale 20200727%20(2).pdf
through a year of her the ability of absorbance
menstruation cycle the pad to between the Mold and Deckle Mahajan, T. (2019).
(Mahajan, 2019). The resist the commercially Imperfect Information
major resource materials transport available napkin Cheesecloth in Menstrual Health
used in making sanitary back onto and the plant- and the Role of
pads are mostly the skin? based napkin Informed Choice.
Measuring cup
petroleum-based The Indian Journal of
materials such as 2. What is 2. H0: There will Gender
Medicine Dropper
polyethylene (PE) and the degree be no large Studies,26(1&2), 59-
polypropylene (PP), which and rate of difference in 78.https://journals.sa
Stirrer
are hard to degrade. In biodegradat moisture gepub.com/doi/pdf/1
accordance, studies have ion of the retention 0.1177/09715215188
10g of corn starch
shown that one sanitary plant-based capacity 11169
pad could take about 500 napkin? between the
5ml of vinegar Bhatia, A. (2018) .
to 800 years to commercially
decompose (Bhatia, available napkin An Urgent
2019). Not only is it 5ml of glycerin Challenge: Why India
and the plant-
harming the environment, Needs To Tackle Its
 Menstrual Waste.
but also the women who based napkin Small cooking pot NDTV-Dettol Banega
wear them. Degradable Swasth Swachh
pad includes various Ha There will be Procedure India.
chemicals (styrene, a significant https://swachhindia.n
chloromethane, difference in A. Collection and Extraction of dtv.com/urgent-
chloroethane, chloroform, moisture Fibers challenge-india-
acetone, etc.) which have retention needs-tackle-
links to hormone capacity · Bagasse Fiber menstrual-waste-
disruption, cancer, birth between the 6665/
defects, and infertility commercially 1. Collect bagasse
(Park et al., 2019). In available napkin fibers from local Park, C. et al. (2019).
order to curb the problem, and the plant- sugarcane company Sanitary pads and
various researches have based napkin diapers contain
been focusing on making · Pineapple Leaf higher phthalate
sanitary pads that have a 3. H0: There is contents than those
low carbon footprint. no difference in Hand-stripping/ in common
the degree and Scrapping commercial plastic
Various rate of products. HHS
developments in making biodegradation 1. Soak the leaves of Public Acess.
sanitary pads have between the the pineapple in water https://www.ncbi.nlm.
revolved around the commercially for 5-7 days nih.gov/pmc/articles/
utilization of natural fibers available napkin PMC6504186/
from plants. Natural fibers and the plant- 2. After soaking in
are susceptible to water based napkin water, the leaf will be Munoz, E., &
absorption, this is due to scrapped using a plate Manriquez, G.
their composition being Ha There is a or the back of the knife (2015).Water
rich in cellulose (Munoz & significant to remove the skin Absorption
Manrique, 2015). In short, difference in the leaves that are still Behaviour and Its
natural fibers are naturally degree and rate attached to the fiber Effect on the
super absorbent material of surface Mechanical
which can be highly biodegradation Properties of Flax
effective at locking away between the Fibre Reinforced
3. Take out the fiber by
menstrual fluid due to it commercially Bioepoxy
hand
being hydrophilic in available napkin Composites.https://w
nature. In a research and the plant- ww.hindawi.com/jour
4. Wash with water and
conducted by Pinera et al. based napkin nals/ijps/2015/39027
dry under the sun
(2020), it was found out 5/
that natural fibers from B. Softening Procedure of the
bamboo and banana can
be compared to the Natural Fibers
standardized degradable
pad. Various studies have Separately do this for both of the
developed sanitary said fibers
napkins from natural
fibers however, these 1. Cut the fibers into small
plant-based materials are pieces
mainly utilized only on the
absorbent core of the 2. Weigh out 50 grams of
napkins. Therefore, the fiber
goal is to develop sanitary
napkins made from 3. Add NaOH solution to fiber
entirely sustainable raw
materials. Sustainability 4. Boil it to a 200°F setting for
can be attained if 1 hour or until the fiber gets soft
replacement of petroleum-
based material to eco- 5. Set aside boiled mixture to
friendly material is cool
achieved.
6. Rinse out the fiber with
water while straining it using a
cheesecloth

7. Blend the fiber with 700ml

of water until pulpy consistency
is reached.

8. Again, strain off the water

using a cheesecloth so only the
pulp will remain

9. Squeeze the excess water

10. Let it dry

11. After the pulp has been

attained, put it onto a mold and
press it so it will be compacted.
C. Making of Cornstarch
Bioplastic

1. Pour 200mL of water to 40g of

corn starch

2. Add 5mL of glycerin and 5mL

of vinegar

3. Cook over medium heat and

stir for 5minutes. Stop cooking
until the solution viscous

4. Lay the mixture thinly to a

parchment paper

D. Gluing of Layers

1. Arrange the molded layers

accordingly

Top sheet - Nonwoven Cotton

Absorbent Core - Bagasse Fiber

and Pineapple Leaf Fiber

Barrier Sheet - Corn starch

based bioplastic

2. Seal the pads by heat

pressing the edges of the
bioplastic and the nonwoven
cotton