Class IX Chapter 16 - Circles Maths 1 2 Exercise — 16.1 Fill in the blanks: )_All points lying inside/outside a circle are called i) Circles having the same centre and different ra (iii) A point whose distance from the centre of a circle is greater than its radius lies in ... of points... points. are called .... circles the circle, (iv) A continuous piece of a circle is... of the circle, (v) The longest chord of a circle is a. . . . of the circle. (vi) Anarcis a... .. when its ends are the ends of a diameter. (vii) Segment of a circle is the region between an arc and . ... of the circle. (viii) A circle divides the plane, on which it lies, in . . parts. Sol: (i) Interior/exterior Gi) Concentric (iii) The exterior (iv) Are (vy) Diameter (vi) Semi-cirele (vii) Centre (viii) Three Write the truth value (T/F) of the following with suitable reasons: (A circle is a plane figure. Gi) Line segment joining the centre to any point on the circle is a radius of the circle, (iii) If circle is divided into three equal arcs each is a major arc. (iv) A circle has only finite number of equal chords. (¥) A chord of a circle, which is twice as long is its radius is a diameter of the circle, (vi) Sector is the region between the chord and its corresponding are. The degree measure of an arc is the complement of the central angle containing the arc. i) The degree measure of a semi-circle is 180°. True ‘True ii) True (iv) False (vy) True (vi) True (vii) False (iii)Class IX Chapter 16 - Circles Maths Exercise — 16.2 1. The radius of a circle is 8 cm and the length of one of its chords is 12 cm. Find the distance of the chord from the centre. Sol: Given that Radius of citcles(OA) = 80m ‘Chord (AB) = 12em Draw OC LAB. WKT, ‘The perpendicular from center to chord bisects the chord ac= Be = 12 cm Now in AOCA, by Pythagoras theorem 10cm. Sol: Given that Distance (OC) =Sem Radius of circle (0A)=10em In AOCAby Pythagoras theorem Find the length of a chord which is at a distance of 5 cm from the centre of a circle ofradiusClass IX Chapter 16 - Circles Maths 3. AC? +0C? = 0A” => AC? +5*=10? => AC? = 100-25 = AC=V75 =8- 66cm WRK, the perpendicular from center to chord bisects the chord "AC = BC =8-66cm Then chord AB=8-66+8-66 =17-32cm Find the length of a chord which is at a distance of 4 cm from the centre of the circle of radius 6 cm. Sol: (32a \ Ne 7 Radius of circle (A) =Gem Distant (OC) =4em In AOCAby Pythagoras theorem AC? +O0C* = OA? SA => AC’ =36-16 = AC = 20 = 4-470, WET, the perpendicular distance from center to chord bisects the chord. AC = BC=4-47emClass IX Chapter 16 - Circles Maths 4. Two chords AB, CD of lengths 5 em, 11 em respectively of a circle are parallel. Ifthe distance between AB and CD is 3 cm, find the radius of the circle. Sol: ti Construction: Draw OP LCD Chord AB=Sem Chord CD=1lem Let OP = xem And OC =0A= WKT perpendicular from center to chord bisects it And AQ=BO= In AOCP, by Pythagoras theorem OC’ =OP* +CP* srave{(Z) () In AOA, by Pythagoras theorem OA? = 0Q" + AQ? ora(oeay (3) (2) Compare equation (1) and (2) (4) fan 2. + (2) x(2t 4Class IX Chapter 16 - Circles Maths 5 6. Give a method to find the centre of a given circle. Sol: Steps of construction (1) Take three point A,B and C on the given circle (2) Join AB and BC (3) Draw thee perpendicular bisectors of chord AB and BC which intersect each other at O (4) Point will be required circle because WKT, perpendicular bisector of chord always passes through center Prove that the line joining the mid-point of a chord to the centre of the circle passes through the mid-point of the corresponding minor are. Sol: Given: C is the midpoint of chord AB. To prove: D is the midpoint of arc AB Proof: In AOAC and AOBC OA=0B [Radius of circle] oc =0c [Common] AC=BC [C is the midpoint of AB] ‘Then, AOAC = AOBC [By SSS condition] <. ZAOC = ZBOC le: pret] Here, D is the midpoint of arc ABClass IX Chapter 16 - Circles Maths 1. Prove that a diameter of a circle which bisects a chord of the circle also bisects the angle subtended by the chord at the centre of the circle. Given: PQ is a diameter of circle which Bisects Chord AB at C To prove: PQ bisects ZAOB Proof: In AAOC and ABOC [Radius of circle] [Common] [Given] [by SSS condition} ©. ZAOC = ZBOC: [e:pre-t] Hence PQ bisects ZAOB Given an are of a circle, show how to complete the circle. Sol: Steps of construction: (Take three point A, B and C on the given Are di Join AB and BC ii) Draw the perpendicular bisectors of chords AB and BC which interest each other at point O, then O will required center of the required circle (iv) JoinOA (v) With center O and radius OA, complete the circleClass IX Chapter 16 - Circles Maths % 10. ul. Prove that two different circles cannot intersect each other at more than two points. Sol: Suppose two circles intersect in three points A,B,C, ‘Then A.B.C are non-collinear. So, a unique circle passes through these three points. This is contradiction to the face that two given circles are passing through A,B,C. Hence, two circles cannot intersect each other at more than two points. A line segment AB is of length 5 cm. Draw a circle of radius 4 cm passing through A and B. Can you draw a circle of radius 2 cm passing through A and B? Give reason in support of your answer. Sol: (Draw a line segment AB of Sem (ii) Draw the perpendicular bisectors of AB ii) Draw an are which intersects the perpendicular bisectors at point O will be required center: (iv) With center O and radius OA draw a circle. No, we cannot draw a circle of radius 2cm passing through A and B because when we draw an are of radius 2em with center A, the are will not interest the perpendicular bisector and we will not find the center An equilateral triangle of side 9em is inseribed in a Sol:Class IX Chapter 16 - Circles Maths 12, Let ABC be an equilateral triangle of side 9em and let AD one of its medians. Let G be the centroid of AABC.Then AG:GD=2:1 WKT in an equilateral A“ centroid coincides with the circum center ‘Therefore, G is the center of the circumference with circum radius GA Also Gis the center and GD 1 BC. Therefore, In right triangle ADB, we have J-Radius = AG = Zap = 3VBem. Given an are of a circle, complete the circle. Sol: Steps of construction: ‘Take three point A, B, C on the given Are Join AB and BC Draw the perpendicular bisectors of chords AB and BC which interest each other at point O, then O will required center of the required circle (iv) Join OA (v) With center O and radius OA, complete the circleClass IX Chapter 16 - Circles Maths 13. 14. Draw different pairs of circles. How many points does each pair have in common? What is the maximum number of common points? Each pair of circles have 0,1 or 2 points in common The maximum number of points in common is *2” Suppose you are given a circle, Give a construction to find its centre. Sol: Steps of constructions: (1) Take three point A, B and C the given circle (2) Join AB and BC (3) Draw the perpendicular bisectors of chord AB and BC which intersect each other at O. (4) Point O will be the required center of the circle because we know that the perpendicular -ctor of the cord always passes through the center Two chords AB and CD of lengths 5 cm and 11 cm respectively of a circle are parallel to each other and are opposite side of its center. If the distance between AB and CD is 6 em. Find the radius of the circle. Sol: Draw OM AB and ON LCD. Join OB and ODClass IX Chapter 16 - Circles Maths (Perpendicular from center bisects the chord) In ANOD ON? +.ND? = OD* ~(2) We have OB= OD. (radii of same circle) So, from equation (1) and (2). 2 so 1202 ae Et = 12r=36+ 28-21 4 _144425-121 48 _ 4 4 12 x=. From equation (2) ay (2) on" i ont =i! 28 ; sus So, radius of eicle is found to be => emClass IX Chapter 16 - Circles Maths 16. ‘The lengths of two parallel chords of a circle are 6 cm and 8 cm. if the smaller chord is at a distance of 4 cm from the centre, what is the distance of the other chord from the centre? Sol: (4) +3° =0B 16+9=OB° 0B = 25 OB = Sem In AOND {radii of same circle] ON? + ND* =OD* on? +(4)' =(5)° on? On So, 25-16=9 tance of bigger chord from circle is 3em.Class IX Chapter 16 - Circles Maths 1 Exercise — 16.3 Three girls Ishita, Isha and Nisha are playing a game by standing on a circle of radius 20 m drawn in a park. Ishita throws a ball o Isha, Isha to Nisha and Nisha to Ishita, If the distance between Ishita and Isha and between Isha and Nisha is 24 m each, what is the distance between Ishita and Nisha. Sol: Let R, $ and M be the position of Ishita, Isha and Nasha respectively AR= AS = 2 12cm OR = OS = OM = 20m (radii of circle) In OAR OA? + AR? = OR® OA? + (112m)? =(20m)* OD? = (400-144) m? = 256m" WET, in an isosceles triangle altitude divides the base, So in ARSM ZRCS will be 90° and RC=CM. Area of AORS = hircxo. 2 => RCx20=16%24 => RC =192 => RM =2(192)=38-4m So, distance between ishita and Nisha is 384m,Class IX Chapter 16 - Circles Maths 2 A circular park of radius 40 m is situated in a colony. Three boys Ankur, Amit and Anand are sitting at equal distance on its boundary each having a toy telephone in his hands to talk to each other. Find the length of the string of each phone. Given hat AB= BC =CA So, ABC is an equilateral triangle OA (radius) = 40m. ‘Medians of equilaterals triangles pass through the circum center (0) of the equilaterals triangles ABC We ailso know that median intersect each other at the 2:1As AD is the median of ‘equilaterals triangle ABC, we can write: OA 2 oD 7 40m =o ie £AD=0A+0D =(40+20)m = 60m In AADC By using Pythagoras theorem AC? = AD? + DC* AC? = AD? + Di AC =(o07 +{ 4) = AC? => AC = 40,f5m So, length of string of each phone will be 40¥3mClass IX Chapter 16 - Circles Maths 1 2 Exercise — 16.4 In the below fig. O is the centre of the circle. If ZAPB = 50°, find ZAOB and ZOAB. P ° i eT By degree measure theorem _ZAOB = 2£APB => ZAPB = 250° = 100° Since OA=OB [Radius of circle] Then ZOAB= ZOBA [Angle’s opposite to equal sides} Let ZOAB=x In AOAB-by angle sum property ZOAB + OBA + ZAOB = 180° => x0+100= 180° = 2x+100=180° = 2x=80° == 40° ZOAB = ZOBA=4(? In the fig below, itis given that O is the centre of the circle and ZAOC = 150°. Find ZABC. Sol: We have ZAOC = 150° 2 ZAOC + reflex ZAOC = 360" [complex angle] = 150° + reflex ZAOC = 360°Class IX Chapter 16 - Circles Maths = reflex ZAOC =360°-150° = reflex ZAOC = 210° [By degree measure theorem] 3. _ In the below fig. O is the centre of the circle. Find ZBAC. A 8 oy c Sol: We have ZAOB=80° And ZAOC =110° <. ZAOB + ZAOC + ZBOC =360° [Complete angle] = 80° +110°+ ZBOC = 360° => ZBOC = 360° -80°—110° = ZBOC = 170° By degree measure theorem ZBOC =22BAC = 170° =2ZBAC 70° => ZBAC =~ =85° If Ois the centre of the circle, find the value of x in each of the following figures: @ Gi)Class IX Chapter 16 - Circles Maths ® ; “ © me AEN es : Se fe PS, ~—_"s Ec A — (o) wy? (vii) @ — ZAoc=135° <. ZAOC + ZBOC = 180° [Linear pair of angles) = 135°+ ZBOC = 180° => ZBOC =180°-135° = 45° By degree measures theorem. ZBOC =22CDB (ii) We have [Angle in semicircle]Class IX Chapter 16 - Circles Maths In AABC, by angle sum property ZCAB + LACB + ZABC = 180° => ZCAB +90? +40°=180° => ZCAB =180° -90° => ZCAB =50° Now, ZCOB = ZCAB [Angle is same segment] 0° (iii), We have ZAOC = 120° By degree measure theorem ZAOC =2ZAPC => 120° = 2ZAPC = zarc =" = 60° 2 ZAPC + ZABC =180° [Opposite angles of cyclic quadrilateral] = 60° + ZABC = 180° => 60° +180° = ZABC => ZABC =120° ¢. ZABC + ZDBC = 180° [Linear pair of angles) 120+. = 180° =>. =180°—120° = 60° (iv), We have ZCBD = 65° ¢. ZABC + ZCBD = 180° [Linear pair of angles) => ZABC +65° = 180° = ZABC =180°- 65° = 115° sReflex ZAOC = 2ZABC [By degree measure theorem] x15 x= 230° (vy) We have ZOAB=35° ‘Then, ZOBA = ZOAB =35° In AAOB, by angle sum property ZAQOB + ZOAB + ZOBA = 180° => ZAOB + 35° +35° = 180° = ZAOB = 180° —35°—35° = 110° 2. ZAOB+ reflex ZAOB = 360° [Angles opposite to equal radii] [comple angle]Class IX Chapter 16 - Circles Maths (vi) (vii) (viii) (ix) = 110° + reflex ZAOB = 360° => reflex. ZAOB = 360° 110° = 250° By degree measure theorem reflex. ZAOB =2.ACB => 250°= 2x _ 250° 2 We have ZAOB = 60° By degree measure theorem ZAOB =22ACB => 60° =22ACB = ZACB= s =30° [Angles opposite to equal radii) =x =125° = x=30" We have ZBAC = 50° And ZDBC=70° <. ZBDC = ZBAC =50° [Angle in same segment] In ABDC, by angles sum property ZBDC + ZBCD+ ZDBC =180° = 50°-+.x+70=180° = x= 180°-70°-50° = 60° We have DBO = 40° ZDBC = 90° [Angle in semi circle] => ZDBO + OBC =90° = 40°+ ZOBC =90° => ZOBC =90°—40° = 50° By degree measure theorem ZAOC =2.ZOBC => x= 2x50 =100° In ADAB, by angle sum property ZADB + ZDAB+ ZABD = 180° => 32°-+ ZDAB+50° = 180° => ZOAB = 180° -32°-50° => ZDAB =95° Now, ZOAB-+ ZDCB=180° [Opposite angles of cyclic quadrilateral]Class IX Chapter 16 - Circles Maths =298+x=180° => x= 180-98" = 82° (x) We have ZBAC = 35° ZBAC = ZBAC =35° [Angle in same segment] In ABCDby angle sum property ZBDC + ZBCD + ZDBC =180° =335+.x+65°=180° =>. =180°—35°— 66° = 80° (xi), We have ZABD = 40° 2. ZACD = ZABD = 40° [Angle in same segment] In APCD, By angle sum property ZPCD + ZCPO + ZPDC = 180° 40° +110° +.x°= 180° = x°=180°-150° > x=30° (xii) Given that BAC =52° ‘Then, ZBDC = ZBAC =52° [Angle in same segment] Since OD=OC ‘Then, OD=OC ‘Then, ZODC = ZOCD [Opposite angles to equal radii] =x=52 5. Oi the circumcentre of the triangle ABC and OD is perpendicular on BC. Prove that ZBOD= ZA, Sol: Given O is the circum center of AABCand ODL BC ‘To prove BOD =22A Proof:Class IX Chapter 16 - Circles Maths 6. In AOBA and AOCA ZODB = ZODC [Each 90°] OB=0C [Radii of circle] OD =0D [Common] ‘Then, AOBD = AOCD [By RHS condition] <. ZBOD = COD (1) (P-C-T) By degree measure theorem ZBOC =22BAC = 22BOD =2.2BAC [By using (1)] = ZBOD = ZBAC In the fig. below, O is the centre of the circle, BO is the bisector of ZABC. Show that Al AC. Ki Sol: Given, BOis the bisector of ZABC To prove AB=BC Proof: Since, BOis the bisector of ZABC ‘Then, ZABO = DAB [Opposite angles to equal sides} Since OB =OC [Radius of circle] The ZCBO = ZOCB (3) [Opposite angles to equal sides} ‘Compare equation (1), (2) and (3) ZOAB = ZOCB In ZOAB= ZOCB ZOBA= ZOBC OB =0B [Common] [By AAS condition} [e-p-c-t]Class IX Chapter 16 - Circles Maths 7. Inthe below fig. O is the centre of the circle, prove that 2x = zy + 22. Sol: We have, 23= 24 [Angles in same segment] [By degree measure theorem] wen(1)[23 = 24] But Zy= 23441 Iby exterior angle prop] 3 23=Zy-A1 wsal(2)) From (1) and (2) Le=Ly- Zit 4 = ar=Ly+Zy-Z1 S Les Lyt ke (By exterior angle prop) 244+ 8 In the below fig. O and O” are centres of two circles intersecting at B and C, ACD is a straight line, find x. Sol: By degree measure theorem ZAOB =2ZACB = 130° =2ZACB 130° = ZACB = = 65° ©. ZACB + ZBCD =180° [Linear pair of angle] =2.65°+ ZBCD =180°Class IX Chapter 16 - Circles Maths % => ZBCD = 180° — 65° = 115° By degree measure theorem Reflex ZBOD=22BCA = Reflex 2BOD=2x115° = 230° Now, reflex ZBOD+ ZBOD =360° {Complex angle] => 230° +. = 360° => x= 360°— 230° => 130° x=130° In the below fig. O is the centre and PQ is a diameter. If ZROS = 40°, find ZRTS. Sol: Since PQ is diameter Then, ZPRO=90° [Angle in semi-circle] 2 ZPRQ + ZTRO = 180° [Linear pair of angle] 290° + ZTRQ = 180° ZTRQ = 180° = 90° = 90° By degree measure theorem ZROS =2ZROS = 40° = 22ROS => ZROS = = =20° In ARQT, By angle sum property ZROT + ORT + ZRTS = 180° = 20°+90° + ZR+ ZS = 180° => ERTS = 180° -20°-90° = 70°Class IX Chapter 16 - Circles Maths 10. ul. In the below fig. if ZACB = 40°, ZDPB = 120°, find ZCBD. Sol: We have ZACB = 40°, ZDPB = 120° ZADB = ZACB = 40° [Angle in same segment] In APOB, by angle sum property 2ZPDB+ ZPBD + ZBPP =180° => 40°+ ZPBD +120°=180° => ZPBD =180°—40°—120° => ZPBD = 20° ZCBD = 20° A chord of a circle is equal to the radius of the circle. Find the angle subtended by the chord at a point on the minor arc and also at a point on the major arc. Sol: We have Radius OA=chord AB => 0A=OB= AB ‘Then AOABis an equilateral triangle <. ZAOB = 60° [one angle of equilateral] By degree measure theorem. ZAOB =2ZAPB = 60° = 22APB = 60° = 2APB => ZAPB = s = 30%Class IX Chapter 16 - Circles Maths Now, ZAPB + ZAQB=180° [opposite angles of cyclic quadrilaterals) = 30° + ZAQB=180° => ZAQB = 180° —30° = 150° Angle by chord AB at minor are = 150° Angle by chord AB at major are = 30° Exercise — 16.5 1. _ In the below fig. ABC is an equilateral triangle. Find m ZBEC. O8 Since, AABCis an equilateral triangles Then, BAC = 60° 2. ZBAC + ZBEC =180° [Opposite angles of a quadrilaterals} => 60° + ABEC = 180° => ZBEC = 180° -60° => ZBEC =180° In the below fig. APQR is an isosceles triangle with PQ= PR and m ZPQR = 35°. Find m ZQSR and m 2QTR. St O Sol: We have ZPOR=35° Since, APOR is an isosceles triangle with PO=RR ‘Then ZPOR = ZPRQ =35° In APQR by angle sum property 2P + ZPOR + ZPRO=180° => LP +35°+35° = 180° => ZP =180°-35°=35°Class IX Chapter 16 - Circles Maths => ZP=110° [Angles in same segment] Now, ZQSR + ZQTR =180° => 110° + ZOTR = 180° => LOTR =180°-110° = ZQTR=10° 3. In the below fig., O is the centre of the circle. If ZBOD = 160°, find the values of x and y. a Kes, Sol: Given that O is the center of the circle We have, ZBOD = 160° By degree measure theorem BOD =22BCD = 160° = 2xx <. ZBAD + ZBCD = 180° [Opposite angles of cyclic quadrilaterals) => ytx=180° => y+80° =180° => y=180°-80°= 100° 4, _ In the below fig. ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral, If ZBCD = 100° and ZABD = 70°, find ZADB.Class IX Chapter 16 - Circles Maths 5. Sol: We have ZBCD = 100° and ZABD = 70° .' ZDAB + ZBCD = 180° => ZDAB +100°= 180° => ZDAB =180°-100° =80° = 2PAB = 80° In ADAB, by angle sum property ZADB + ZDAB + ZDBD = 180° => ZABD +80? +70? =180° => ZABD = 180° —150° = 30° [Opposite angles of cyclic quadrilaterals] If ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral in which AD || BC (Fig below). Prove that 2B = £C. : Sol: Since ABCDis a cyclic quadrilateral with AD || BC. Then ZA+ ZC =180° sea) w--(2) ‘Compare (1) and (2) equations 21 And, 2A +2B =180° =2C [Opposite angles of cyclic quadrilaterals] [Co interior angles] In the below fig. O is the centre of the circle. Find ZCBD. fe Given that ZBOC = 100° By degree measure theoremClass IX Chapter 16 - Circles Maths LAOC =2ZAPC = 100°=22APC = apc = 122° 59° ©. ZAPC + ZABC = 180° [Opposite angles of cyclic quadrilaterals] => 50°+ ZABC =180° = ZABC =180°-50° 30° :, ZABC-+ ZCBD = 180° [Linear pair of angles) => 130°+ ZCBD = 180° => ZCBD=50° In the below fig. AB and CD are diameters of a circle with centre O. if ZOBD = 50°, find ZAOC. o—=—— 8 ; : ————— 4) Sol: Given that, ZOBD=50° Since, ABand CD ate the diameter of circle then O is the center of the circle [Angle in semicircle] = 50°+ ZDBC = 90° => ZDBC =90° —50° = 40° By degree measure theorem ZAOC = 2.ZABC = ZAOC =Class IX Chapter 16 - Circles Maths % On a semi-circle with AB as diameter, a point C is a taken, so that m (CAB) = 30°. Find m (ZACB) and m(ZABC) Sol: We have, ZCAB=30° ZACB=90° [Angle in semicircle] Tn AABC, by angle sum property ZCAB + ZACB + ZABC =180° => 30°+90° + ZABC=180° = ZABC =180°-120° =60° Ina cyclic quadrilateral ABCD if AB || CD and 2B = 70°, find the remaining angles. Sol: Given that 2B ‘Then, 2B+ 2D =180° => 70° + ZD=180° => ZD=180°—70° = 110° Since AB || DC Then 2B+ZC=180° => 70° + ZC =180° [Cointerior angles] = ZC =180°-70° =110° Now, ZA+ZC=180° [Opposite angles of cyclic quadrilateral] => ZA+110° = 180°Class IX Chapter 16 - Circles Maths 10. i. => ZA=180°-110° = ZA=70° In a quadrilateral ABCD, if m 2A Sol: (m ZC). Find m 2A. We have, ZA=32C Let 2C=x ‘Then A 2 ZA+ ZC=180° [Opposite angles of cyclic quadrilaterals] = 3x+x= 180° In the below fig. O is the centre of the circle and ZDAB = 50°. Calculate the values of x and y. Sol: We have ZDAB=50° By degree measure theorem ZBOD =22BAD => x=2x50°=100° Since, ABCD is a eyclic quadrilateralClass IX Chapter 16 - Circles Maths 12. ‘Then 2A+2C=180" = 50+ y =180° => y=180°—50° =130° In the below fig. if 2BAC = 60° and ZBCA = 20°, find 2ADC. A ‘. J sr 4 a © c € Sol: By using angle sum property in AABC 2B 180°—(60° +120°) = 100° In cyclic quadrilaterals ABCD, we have: ZB+ ZD=180° ZD =180°-100° = 80" In the below fig. if ABC is an equilateral triangle. Find ZBDC and 2BEC. Sol: Since AABCis an equilateral triangle ‘Then, ZBAC = 60° 2. ZBDC = ZBAC = 60° [Angles in same segment] Since, quadrilaterals ABECis a cyclic quadrilaterals ‘Then ZBAC + ZBEC =180° = 60? + ZBEC = 180° => ZBEC =180° — 60° = 120°Class IX Chapter 16 - Circles Maths 14, In the below fig. O is the centre of the circle, if ZCEA = 30°, find the values of x, y and z. € 3 © ave Sol: We have, ZAEC =30° Since, quadrilateral ABCEis a cyclic quadrilaterals Then, ZABC + ZAEC = 180° x+30°=180° {80° — 30° = 150° By degree measure theorem ZAOC =2ZAEC => y=2x30° = 60° =>. ZADC = ZAEC [Angles in same segment] =a ZBAD = 18°. ZDCF = x° and ZDEF Since, ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral ‘Then, ZBAD + BCD =180° => 78°+ ZBCD = 180° = ZBCD = 180°—78° =102° Now, ZBCD+ ZDCF = 180° Linear pair of angles] 102° = x—180° '80°—102° = 78° Since, DCEF is a cyclic quadrilateral Then, x+y=180" => 78° + y= 180° => y=180°—78°=102° 102° >Class IX Chapter 16 - Circles Maths 16. 17. In acyclic quadrilateral ABCD, if 2A — 2C = 60°, prove that the smaller of two is 60” Sol: We have LA-LC=60° 1) Since, ABCD is a cyclic quadrilaterals Then ZA+2C =180° (2) Add equations (1) and (2) LA-ZC+ ZA+ ZC = 60° +180° Put value of ZA in equation (2) 120°+ ZC =180° = ZA=180°~120° = 60° In the below fig. ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral. Find the value of x. x Sol: ZEDC + ZCDA=180° [Linear pair of angles] = 80° + ZCDA=180° => ZCDA =180° —60° = 100° Since, ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral ZADC + ZABC = 180° => 100° + ZABC = 180° => ZABC =180° 100° = 80° Now, ZABC + ZABF = 180° [Linear pair of angles] => 804 x°=180° = x= 180-80 100°Class IX Chapter 16 - Circles Maths 18. ABCD is a quadrilateral in which’ Gi ii) Sol: @ Gi) Gi) BC || AD, ZADC = 110° and ZBAC = 50°. Find ZDAC. ZDBC = 80° and ZBAC = 40°, find ZBCD. ZBCD = 100° and ZABD = 70°, find ZADB. Since, ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral Then, ZABC +110° =180° = ZABC + 110°= 180° => ZABC =180°—110° =70° Since AD || BC ‘Then, ZDAB+ ZABC =180° [Co-interior angle] => ZDAC +50° +70" = 180° => ZDAC = 180° —120° = 60° ZBAC = ZBDC = 40° [Angle in same segment] In ABDC, by angle sum property ZDBC + ZBCD + ZBDC =180° => 80° + ZBCD +40° =180° = ZBCD = 180°—40°—80° => ZBCD = 60° Given that ABCDis a cyclic quadrilaterals Ten 2BAD+ ZBCD =180° => ZBAD +100° = 180° => ZBAD = 180° —100° —_s => ZBAD =80° Zi In AABD, by angle sum property ft ZABD+ ZADB+ ZBAD = 180° Be 4 => 70° + ZADB + 80° = 180° => ZADB = 180° -150° = ZADB = 30°Class IX Chapter 16 - Circles Maths 19. 2. Prove that the perpendicular bisectors of the sides of a cyclic quadrilateral are concurrent. Sol: Let ABCD be a cyclic quadrilateral, and let O be the center of the corresponding circle ‘Then, each side of the equilateral ABCD is a chord of the circle and the perpendicular bisector of a chord always passes through the center of the circle So, right bisectors of the sides of quadrilaterals ABCD, will pass through the circle O of the corresponding circle Prove that the centre of the circle circumscribing the cyclic rectangle ABCD is the point of imersection of its diagonals. Sol: Wo Let O be the circle circumscribing the cycle rectangle ABCD. Since // Py ZABC =90Pand AC is a chord of the circle, so AC is a diameter of a circle. Similarly BD is a Hence, point of intersection of AC and BD is the center of the circle jameter 2 Prove that the circles described on the four sides of a rhombus as diameters, pass through, the point of intersection of its diagonals, Sol: Let ABCD be a rhombus such that its diagonals AC and BD interest at O Since, the diagonals of a rhombus intersect at right angle -. ZACB = ZBOC = ZCOD = ZDOA = 90° Now, ZAOB =90° circle described on BC, AD and CD as diameter pass through O. If the two sides of a pair of opposite sides of a cyclic quadrilateral are equal, prove that its, diagonals are equal. Given ABCDis a cyclic quadrilateral in which AB=_DC ‘To prove: AC = BD Proof: In APAB and APDCClass IX Chapter 16 - Circles Maths Given that AB=DC ‘ZBAD = ZCDP [Angles in the same segment] ZPBA= PCD [Angles in same segment] ‘Then APAB = APDC (1) [e-p-e-t] PC= PB (2)[e-p-e-t] ‘Add equation (1) and (2) PA+PC=PD+PB = AC=BD ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral in which BA and CD when produced meet in E and EA = ED. Prove that: @ AD || BC (ii) EB = EC Sol: Given ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral in which EA= ED To prove: (i) AD|| BC (ii) EB= EC Proof: (i) Since EA= ED ‘Then ZEAD = ZEDA [Opposite angles to equal sides] Since, ABCD is a cyclic quadrilaterals ‘Then, ZABC + ZADC =180° But ZABC+ ZEBC =180° [Linear pair of angles] ‘Then ZADC = EBC sene(2) ‘Compare equations (1) and (2) ZEAD = ZCBA sveen(3) Since, corresponding angle are equal ‘Then BC || AD (Gi) From equation (2) EAD = ZEBC (3) Similarly ZEDA = ZECB (4) Compare equation (1), (3) and (4). ZEBC = ZECD = EB= EC (Opposite angles to equal sides)Class IX Chapter 16 - Circles Maths ma Circles are described on the sides of a triangle as diameters, Prove that the circles on any two sides intersect each other on the third side (or third side produced). Sol: Since ABis a diameter ‘Then ZADB =90° a) [Angle in semicircle) Since AC is a diameter Then ZADC =90° ‘Add equation (1) and (2) ZADB + ZADC = 90° +90" => ZBDC =180° ‘Then, BDC is a line Hence, the circles on any two sides intersect each other on the third side [Angle in semicircle] Prove that the angle in a segment shorter than a semicircle is greater than a right angle, Sol: => Given: ZACBis an angle in mirror segment ‘To prove: ZACB> 90° Proof: By degree measure theorem Reflex ZAOB > 180° And reflex ZAOB > 180° Then, 2ZACB > 180° ZACB> a => ZACB > 90°Class IX Chapter 16 - Circles Maths 26, Prove that the angle in a segment greater than a semi- Sol: ircle is less than a right angle. Given: ZACBis an angle in major segment To prove ZACB <90° Proof: by degree measure theorem ZAOB =2.ZACB And ZAOB <180° ‘Then, 2ZACB <180° ZACB <9? ABCD is a cyclic trapezium with AD || BC. If 2B = 70°, determine other three angles of the trapezium, Sol: Given that ABCD is a cyclic trapezium with AD || BC and B= 70° Since, ABCD is a quadrilateral ‘Then 2B+ZD=180° => 70° + 2D =180° => 2D =180°-70° =110° Since AD || BC Then 24+ 2B =180° => ZA+70°=180° [Cointerior angles] > ZA=110° Since ABCDis a cyclic quadrilateral then ZA+ Ze = 180° > 110°+ZC=180° = ZC =180°-110° = 70°Class IX Chapter 16 - Circles Maths 28. Prove that the line segment joining the mid-point of the hypotenuse of a right triangle to its is half of the hypotenuse. Let AABCbe a right angle triangle at angle B. Let P be the midpoint of trypotenuse AC. Draw a circle with center P and AC as a diameter Since, ZABC = 90°, therefore the circle passes through B © BP = radius Also AD=CP = Radius /AP= BP =CP Hence, BP fac. 29. In Fig, below, ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral in which AC and BD are its diagonals. If ZDBC = 55° and ZBAC = 45°, find ZBCD. Sol: Since angles in the same segment of a circle are equal ZCAD = ZDBC = 65° ZDAB = ZCAD + ZBAC =55°+45° = 100° But, ZDAB+ZBCD =180° [Opposite angles of a cyclic] ZBCD = 180° ~100° 30° ¢. ZBCD = 80°