Final Paper
Final Paper
A Research
Presented to the Faculty of
Tourism and Hospitality Management
STI College Tarlac
In Partial Fulfilment
of the Requirements for the Degree
Bachelor of Science in Tourism Management
ENDORSED BY:
NOTED BY:
<Panelist's Given Name MI. Family Name> <Panelist's Given Name MI. Family Name>
Panel Member Panel Member
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The purpose of the research study is to determine the impacts and motivational factors of
tourists visiting the Monasterio De Tarlac in San Jose, Tarlac. This research was
conducted from September to January of the year 2022 to 2023. The respondents were
chosen using simple random sampling, the study was carried out of face to face and via a
google form. Survey questionnaires and interviews were used to collect the necessary
research data from 51 respondents. According to data collected one of the motivators of
tourists visiting the site is because of spiritual needs. The research also includes the
problems encountered by the tourist and the barriers preventing the future tourist to visit
the place. Furthermore, it indicates the tools of tourism on how they promote the
Monasterio de Tarlac, and the research identifies the effects or the impact of the site after
they visit the place. Finally, the study limitations and recommendations for future
research are presented in the paper.
People travel for so many reasons, and one of the reasons is they love to travel to
different places, that involve work, family, health, or medical treatment, and social or
economic needs, they travel to enjoy relaxation, experience new cultures, foreign food, or
incredible landscapes different to normal surroundings. Tourists are motivated to travel to
be involved in tourism for a variety of reasons getting away from there “normal
environment” is also a reason it is a combination of factors that leads people to travel.
Religious tourism is also one of the reasons why people travel. Religious tourism is one
of the oldest forms of tourism. It is not only visiting churches, mosques, or temples, but it
is where tourists or travelers visit religious sites for deeper reasons, and it varies for
everyone. Religious sites can identify if the place is a pilgrimage, if it is sacred, if it is
said to be miraculous, or if the purpose of the site is for worship or mission. “Religious
tourism is one of the driving forces to bring people from varied backgrounds together
under a common cause: the admiration and protection of the heritage of tangible and
intangible nature,” Rifai (2016).
Religious Tourism in the Philippines potentially draws tourists, that be facilitated through
religious tourism that involves pilgrimage as an act of worship. Since the Philippines has
the largest Christian nation in Asia the Government of the Philippines increases tourist
arrivals particularly among Catholics worldwide visiting churches shows a deep-seated
among Filipinos that describe the experience of some Filipinos having a space that can be
made sacred.
Extending the effort to study religious tourism in the Municipality of San Jose, Province
of Tarlac Monasterio de Tarlac, is one of the famous religious sites in Tarlac Province.
The "Monasterio de Tarlac”, on a hill in San Jose, Tarlac, was built by the servants of the
Risen Christ and can only be part of God's miraculous plan. The Priory of the Servants of
the Risen Christ (SRC), a group of monastic brothers (more properly known as Frater)
Department of Tourism cited Monasterio de Tarlac as the most revered pilgrimage site in
Central Luzon and accounts for its spiritual prominence as the shrine of the sacred relic
of the True Cross. Monasterio de Tarlac is one of the most popular tourist destinations
that religious devotees visit that was established in the year 2001 that is uphill on the
Zambales Mountain Range at Mount Resurrection Eco Park.
One motivator for visiting Monasterio de Tarlac is it has become the object of pilgrimage
by Catholics during Holy Week in Tarlac Province. Monasterio De Tarlac is also a good
place for those who want to reflect and feel the fresh air on top of the mountain away
from the city. The said place also has a daily mass where many visitors are the main
reason to visit the place. It also affects the behavior of the tourists to boost their social
ego or self-esteem.
Moreover, access to transportation is one reason why some tourists cannot easily access
the Monasterio de Tarlac. Visitors are advised to have private vehicles like vans and cars
to get there. Aside from that, there is also no accommodation for the convenience of the
tourists near the place. There are also no commercial establishments like malls,
restaurants, and supermarkets.
This study aims to evaluate the Impacts and Motivational Factors of Tourists visiting
Monasterio de Tarlac in San Jose, Tarlac. Specifically, this research will answer the
following questions:
1. What are the motivational factors of tourists visiting Monasterio de Tarlac in San
Jose, Tarlac?
1.1. How does religious differences affect the tourist who visits the
Monasterio de Tarlac?
1.2. What are the reasons why tourist visited Monasterio de Tarlac?
2. What are the problems encountered by tourists when visiting the place?
2.1. What are the main problems when tourists visited the Monasterio de
Tarlac?
3.2. What programs did they implement that are being used today?
5. What are the effects of Monasterio de Tarlac on the tourist after visiting the place?
5.1. What are the factors of the attraction that affects the tourist to visit the
place?
The purpose of this research was to learn more about religious tourism: The result of this
study will give some information to those people engaged in tourism management.
To the Tourism Industry, this research helps them to improve their resources,
resolution, and action plan in terms of tourism management in the Province of
Tarlac.
To the Tourists, this research can help as their resource for the impact on visiting
the religious site, and this served as a resource on the programs that the place
implemented.
To the Local People in San Jose, this research can be a resource for the local
people in terms of improving the place for the future generation.
Objectives
The main objective of this study is to identify the Impacts and Motivational Factors of
tourists visiting Monasterio De Tarlac. Specifically, the researchers have the following
objectives for the study:
2. To provide solutions and address their problems which help to boost tourism in
Monasterio De Tarlac that makes tourism more convenient.
3. To assess and evaluate the cultural understanding and effect in spiritual awareness
on how deeply understand and reflect on emotional and spiritual approach after
visiting the Monasterio De Tarlac.
4. To know about the methods by which the San Jose Tourism Management
promotes the Monasterio de Tarlac to make it more visible to tourists.
The scope of the study focused on the impact and motivational factors of tourists visiting
Monasterio de Tarlac. The main concern of this study is to become more knowledgeable
about the impact and motivational factors that might be encountered by the future
generation. The researchers continue to refine the focus of the researchers during the
study, keeping in mind the study and its goals and objectives. In addition, the problems
encountered and following the proposed intervention in the prevailing problems of the
religious tourist impact and motivational factors in visiting Monasterio de Tarlac can be
addressed and lastly, the implications of the study in tourism management can be
addressed. The respondents of this research are composed of fifty (51) people: forty (40)
tourists, ten (10) future tourists, and one (1) Provincial Tourism Office. The locations of
the study are covered within Monasterio de Tarlac and the Municipality of San Jose. The
result of the study will be valid from September to January of the year 2022 to 2023. The
result for the following year may change the motivators and impacts of visiting the
Monasterio de Tarlac depending on the situation of the place and the decisions of the
tourists.
According to Vouru et al (2014) to measure the tourist motivation to visit the religious
site their main reason is to worship the vow. The factors that they analyze was because of
the secular and cultural motives”, “Pilgrimage motives” and “Spiritual motives” the
studies have been found that regarding to the tourist motivation religious tourism would
be an abundant since there are some of the numerous of religious site for visitation and it
is world-wide. The religious tourism has a four essential concepts of motivation, demand
segmentation, satisfaction, and loyalty those are factors that push to the tourist to visit the
religious site attributes of religious destination are the one attracts the tourist, satisfaction
is when the traveler make a positive evaluation of their traveling decision that define to
revisit again the site Franco et al, (2022).
Furthermore, some young tourist has a unique consumption on visiting some religious
site rather than traditional tourism market despite of perceived of mass and adult tourism.
According to Bilim (2022) education, experiencing other culture and particular
fundamental motivation and curiosity is a several that they see regarding tourist who visit
sacred site other than that the most important motivation for those young tourists is to
also interact with the local people and experience their different daily life. The roots of
their visitation because of the cultural experiences. According to Stranjančević2 (2019)
historical development is an inseparable, religious heritage is part of cultural and
historical that as potential for the development. In recent years religious site are expanded
and it has growing activities that people, according to Del Roca al et. (2020) religious
travelers motivate to visit religious site because of religious and secular experiences to
the selected scared sites found that religious motives are to comparison of its secular
motives regarded towards religious site. The destination is the one who motivate them to
visit the destination and their intrinsic spiritual desire such as satisfaction of religious
convictions and also their fulfillment of religious curiosity they also observed spiritual
participation rather than for some tourism activity that the destination has. According to
Menez al et. (2018) it was a significant that the difference of the impacts is regarding to
In relation to, religious tourism has grown in popularity recently, but young travelers tend
to favor alternative travel options more than religious places, especially those that are part
of their own religions. Instead of choosing to travel for religious reasons, they typically
chose secular or nonreligious reasons. Young travelers' religious tourism beliefs and
related behaviors are highly significant and have an impact on their motivations and
impressions. Their choices are typically based on relaxation and self-actualization, and
their consumption patterns are concentrated on religion and entertainment needs (Bilim &
Ay, 2022).
In addition to, the agreement as religious sites support tourism by preserving culture and
religion from a sociocultural perspective and by bringing in more money for the local
economy. Grouped by occupation, frequency of visits, and destinations, there is a sizable
sociocultural and economic disparity. Analyze the sociocultural and economic effects of
religious sites on the neighborhood and how this reflects the significance and distinction
of the development of religious tourism in the province (Deri et al., 2018).
Furthermore, the oldest type of tourism is seen as being religious. People once traveled
great distances for religious purposes. Even if pilgrimage is older than the majority of
other types of tourism, scholarly attention is still focused on the main causes of religious
travel. The monastery needs to help the local tourism industry because the area's natural
beauty, architectural significance, and cultural significance have all been recognized high
on the scale of motivation. A gift shop with sufficient information on the area's
architecture, history, spirituality, and culture should be present. The monastery's
importance there has to be additional seating areas (tables and benches) so that guests can
get a greater sense of the monastery and its surroundings (Božic et al., 2016).
In connected to, the connection between visitors and their host countries in the modern,
secular Visitors to religious locations are significantly influenced by their beliefs. The
frequency of pilgrims' visits varies according to how strongly they hold certain religious
ideas. The reasons that pilgrimage destinations are visited by religious tourists are
examined. This study specifically aims to analyze how Muslim visitors are drawn to holy
sites and what they want to gain from such visits using ethnographic research. A deeply
religious person's motivation for attending a place of worship is explored. The study will
specifically try to explain, through research, how Muslim visitors are drawn to religious
sites and what they hope to gain from their visits to such places of worship. Globally, and
reflect on how the administration of these places may affect secularism in pilgrimage
tourism (Hall & Campus, 2012).
In relation to, the meaning of places is founded on lived experiences of doing religion and
interacting with the sacred, as shown in vows and visions; believers' intimate and
emerging performances of places as well as of religion itself directly affect travel
inclinations. Such knowledge is essential for anticipating the results of unsuccessful
pilgrimages and the procedures for authenticating places, which might shed light on
visiting trends. Visions are individualized relationships with gods who frequently give
instructions regarding visits to sacred locations, embodying the reality as opposed to
created mediums like myths and media that may be subject to fabrication. In this setting,
the embodiment of their authentic visual contents is what drives religious travellers
(Terzidou et al., 2018).
This chapter presents various methodology that was used in the gathering of data and
analysis which is relevant to the research. This includes the area as the location of the
study, research design, study of population, sampling technique, and research instrument
techniques.
Location
The study was carried out in Monasterio de Tarlac, which is a popular tourist destination
in the province of Tarlac. This is a monastery on top of Mount Resurrection, which is part
of the Zambales Mountain Range in San Jose, Tarlac. The Monasterio de Tarlac is in
Mount Resurrection Eco Park in the barangay of Lubigan and is a 278-hectare ecotourism
park surrounded by nature with fresh natural air from the mountains.
Research Design
This research proposal will employ qualitative research, which will involve the collection
and analysis of non-numerical data. The qualitative research method is used to better
understand how people perceive the world. While there are numerous approaches to
qualitative research, they all share the flexibility of retaining rich meaning when
interpreting data.
Study of Population
The target population refers to the specific group relevant to a particular study. This
study's target population will be forty (40) tourists, ten (10) future tourists, and one (1)
Provincial Tourism Officer. This brings the total population of the study to fifty (51)
people.
To sum up the conclusion, this research study used random sampling to avoid an
unbiased conclusion. Random sampling is to ensure the result from the sample to the
entire population and should be an equal chance for those selected. (Shadish et
al..,20020). The researcher uses the method that has an equal chance to any subjects in a
large population that will be chosen and to generalize the data that is gathered.
This study is a descriptive type of research that utilizes a questionnaire and interview
approach through face-to-face and google forms. The research instrument used in data
gathering and information. Questionnaires and interviews contain a set of checklists and
open-ended questions for the respondents.
The study aims to determine the impacts and motivational factors of the tourist visiting
the Monasterio de Tarlac. The researchers chose a total of 51 respondents to participate in
the study as the sample, forty (40) tourists, ten (10) future tourists, and one (1) Provincial
Tourism Officer. The research began from September to January of the year 2022 to
2023. The respondent was chosen using simple random sampling, the study was carried
out of face-to-face and google form. It made use of qualitative research methods. Survey
questionnaires and interviews were used to collect the necessary research data.
The study findings were summarized in relation to the research question as follows:
1. What are the motivational factors of tourists visiting Monasterio de Tarlac in San
Jose, Tarlac?
1.1. How does religious differences affect the tourist who visits the
Monasterio de Tarlac?
According to the respondents, the highest number of tourists who visit the Monasterio de
Tarlac is Catholic are Roman Catholic. It reflects that the place gives them the motivation
about their devotion to their beliefs, however, it is not limited to other religions who visit
the place, some of the respondents who visit the place are Christian, born again,
Aglipayans, and Iglesia ni Cristo. It concludes that religious differences can affect the
number of tourists who are eager to visit the site.
1.2. What are the reasons why tourists visited Monasterio de Tarlac?
2. What are the problems encountered by tourists when they visited the place?
2.1. What are the main problems when tourists visited the Monasterio de
Tarlac?
Based on the data gathered by the researchers, tourists who visit the Monasterio de Tarlac
experienced some problems in terms of accessibility and amenities, while future tourists
did not find it their challenge. Also, respondents find it costly when visiting Monasterio
de Tarlac due to its location from the city proper. Respondents also pointed out that
distance is the main issue when visiting Monasterio de Tarlac for both tourists and future
tourists with about 33 km from Tarlac City to Barangay Lubigan, San Jose, Tarlac.
Following the respondents' responses, time is also one of the challenges for tourists and
future tourists from visiting the Monasterio de Tarlac, with an approximate 1-hour
traveling time from the city proper of Tarlac to the place.
According to the response of the interviewee from the Provincial Tourism Office,
transportation and accommodation are the main threat for commuters and tourists when
they want/ed to visit the Monasterio de Tarlac.
According to the Provincial Tourism Officer, the diocese has control of Monasterio de
Tarlac. The public sector does not have the authority to establish any programs for the
site, but the Provincial Tourism Management is willing to support whatever programs the
diocese needs to implement in the place.
According to the interview result, there are no programs that were implemented by the
diocese lately. But the Provincial Tourism Management is still planning on adding some
projects, particularly in transportation. For those who are willing to have a tour of the
place, they plan to have put shuttle to have easy transportation access. Provincial Tourism
Management also aims to provide lodging for tourists who wish to spend a staycation in
the area since it is far from the city and has no nearby accommodation. These programs
also sustain the place to attract many tourists who want to visit the attraction and the
advantage of these projects that they wanted to implement is to improve the development
of the places and to promote for future tourists.
3.2. What programs did they implement that are being used today?
Based on the interview, the Provincial Tourism Office continues to support the
destination through inclusion in the tourism’s promo collaterals like videos, brochures,
and social media postings.
4. What are the tools of tourism department of San Jose in promoting the Monasterio de
Tarlac?
Based on the findings of the researchers, the government promotes the Monasterio de
Tarlac through different Facebook pages and shows the Monasterio de Tarlac to E-jeeps
through promotional videos that are shown on small television by public vehicles where
people can watch.
5. What are the effects of Monasterio de Tarlac to tourist after visiting the place?
5.1. What are the factors of the attraction that affects the tourist to visit the
place?
The primary effect that tourists feel after visiting the Monasterio de Tarlac, according to
the data gathered, respondents become more spiritually aware, more positive, feel a sense
of belonging, and feel the presence of faith. Following that, they learn about the culture
of the Monasterio de Tarlac.
According to the data acquired, mass is the most influential factor that motivates tourists
to revisit the place, followed by having a picnic area and recreational activities such as
birdwatching and trailing. Moreover, according to Provincial Tourism Officer, although
The purpose of this chapter is to discuss the study's findings and recommendations. The
study's conclusion is based on the outcome and discussion of the data gathered during
implementation.
Conclusions
Based on the study findings, the researchers can conclude that the motivational factor of
tourists when visiting Monasterio de Tarlac is to help their spiritual needs. They wanted
to feel the meaning and purpose of love from God. Aside from spiritual needs, religion is
also one of the motivators of tourists. Based on the researcher’s gathered data, most of the
tourists are Roman Catholic. However, it also shows that respondents did not mind
having religious differences when visiting the place since there are a lot of things that
tourists can do and see in the place. Religious tourism is not about religion, but it is all
about faith. Additionally, this study shows that tourists find the distance and
transportation as their challenges since it takes around one hour away from Tarlac City
proper, and it requires a privately-owned vehicle to reach the place. Moreover, this study
shows that Monasterio de Tarlac is privately owned by the diocese and Provincial
Tourism Management cannot implement a program for the site. The only thing they can
do is support the decision of the diocese and help them when they needed. Since
Monasterio de Tarlac is considered an attraction in Tarlac Province, Provincial Tourism
Management still promote the place using social media like Facebook pages, using
promotional video, brochures, and adding tourism promo collaterals. Furthermore, the
effect of Monasterio de Tarlac on the tourists is they become more spiritually aware, and
tourists are persuaded and encouraged to visit again the place because of the activities,
particularly attending the mass within Monasterio de Tarlac.
These are some recommendations for future studies based on the findings of this study.
There are still numerous topics that can be explored and evaluated in the relation to the
research topic. To know the motivational or inspirational goal of tourists when visiting
the Monasterio de Tarlac, Sightseeing is the one that motivates the tourist to visit the
place for its place on the top of the mountain that gives a beautiful view plus the relic of
Jesus Christ. The resolute shows that tourist deeply understands the spiritual need after
visiting Monasterio de Tarlac. Accessibility to go the Monasterio de Tarlac, the distance
of the travel may be easier providing transportation is one the main solution. Adding
more activities that tourist can do whenever they visit the place, accessibility,
development, and communication to help the tourist attraction.
Bilim, Y., & Ay, S. (2022). Young Turkish Tourists’ Religious Tourism Motivations,
Perceptions and Intentions About a Religious Destination: The Case Of Konya, Turkey.
International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage, 10(2), 13–27.
https://doi.org/10.21427/sf3j-mj03
Deri, J., Buela, M. G., Pascua, A. J., Manalo, J., Masangcay, A., Sabedra, L., & Meñez,
M. F. L. (2018). Impact of Religious Sites in the Province of Batangas, Philippines.
15(1), 1–13.
Rebuya, N. R., Lasarte, E. S., Amador, M. M. A., & Roca, G. R. D. la. (2020). Assessing
Religious Tourism Motivational Factors and Experiences of Visitors to Selected
Religious Sites in Camarines Sur, Philippines. OALib, 07(06), 1–10.
https://doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1106404
Božic, S., Spasojević, B., Vujičić, M. D., & Stamenkovic, I. (2016). Exploring The
Motives Of Religious Travel By Applying The Ahp Method – A Case Study of Vujan
Monastery (Serbia). International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage, 4(iv), 1–
13.
Hall, B., & Campus, H. (2012). Religious tourist’ s motivation for visiting religious sites
Razaq Raj. 4(2), 95–105.
Rybina, L., & Lee, T. J. (2020). Traveler Motivation and Destination Loyalty: Visiting
Sacred Places in Central Asia. Tourism and Hospitality, 2(1), 1–14.
https://doi.org/10.3390/tourhosp2010001
Terzidou, M., Scarles, C., & Saunders, M. N. K. (2018). The complexities of religious
tourism motivations: Sacred places, vows and visions. Annals of Tourism Research, 70,
54–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2018.02.011
* And how did your visit to the Monasterio de Tarlac affect you?
Cultural understanding
Spiritual awareness
Others, _______________________
4. What problems or issues have you encountered when visiting the place?
Accessibility
Amenities
Costs of travel
Distance
Time
Others, ________________________
6. Aside from Monasterio de Tarlac, do you have any other religious sites that you
know here in Tarlac? If yes, name at least one.
None
Yes, __________________________
1.2. How did your visit to the Monasterio de Tarlac affect you?
Cultural understanding 17
Spiritual awareness 28
6. Aside from Monasterio de Tarlac, do you have any other religious sites that you
know in Tarlac?
None 36
Yes 4
8. Do you think that anyone can visit Monasterio de Tarlac despite of religious
differences? If yes, why?
No 6
Yes 39
6. Aside from Monasterio de Tarlac, do you have any other religious sites that you
know in Tarlac?
No 9
Yes 1
8. Do you think that anyone can visit Monasterio de Tarlac despite of religious
differences?
No 3
Yes 7
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