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/ 18
Prriformis
DObturator internus
Levator ani
Coceygous
Front of sacrum
Obturator membrane and
adjoining pat of hip bone
Body of pubis, fascia of
‘obturator internus, spine
ofischium
Spine of schium
Greater trochanter of femur
Greater trochanter of femur
Pecinaal body,
‘anocaceygeal body:
walls of prostao, vagina,
‘octum, and anal eanal
Lower end of sacrum;
coceyx
Sacral plexus
Nerve to obturator
internus from
sacral plexus
Fourth sacral ner
pudendal nerve
Fourth and fith sacral
Lateral rotator of femur
athip joint
Lateral rotator of femur
athip joint
‘Supports pelvic
viscere; sphincter to
anorectal junction
and vagina
Assists lovator ani
‘to support pelvic
viscera; flexes
coceyx Extomal Anal Sphincter Muscles
Subcutaneous part Encircles anal canal, no Inferior rectal narve and Together with puborec-
bony attachments perineal branch of talis muscle forms
fourth sacral nerve voluntary sphincter of
anal canal
Superficial part Perineal body Coccyx
Deep part Encircles anal canal, no
bony attachments
Puborectalis (partof Pubic bones ‘Sling around junction Perineal branch of Together with external
levator ani) of rectum and anal fourth sacral nerve anal sphincter forms
canal and from perineal voluntary sphincter
branch of pudendal for anal canal
nerve
Male Urogenital Muscles
Bulbospongiosus Perineal body Fascia of bulb of penis Perineal branch of Compresses urethra
and corpus spongio- pudendal nerve and assistsin erec-
sum and cavernosum tion of penis
Ischiocavernosus Ischial tuberosity Fascia covering corpus Perineal branch of
cevernosum pudendal nerve
Sphincter urethrae Pubic arch ‘Surrounds urethra Perineal branch of Voluntary sphincter of
pudendal nerve urethra
Superficial transverse Ischial tuberosity Perineal body Perineal branch of Fixes perineal body
perineal muscle pudendal nerve
Deep transverse per ——_Ischial ramus Perineal body Perineal branch of Fixes perineal body
ineal muscle pudendal nerve
Female Urogenital Muscles
Bulbospongiosus Perineal body Fascia of corpus caver- Perineal branch of Sphincter of vagina and
‘nosum pudendal nerve assists in erection of
clitoris
Ischiocavarnosus Ischial tuberosity Fascia covering corpus Perineal branch of Causes erection of
cavernosum pudendal nerve clitoris
Sphincter urethra ‘Same asin male
Superficial transverse Same as in male
perineal muscle
Deep transverse per- Same as in male
inoal muscle
335 Pectoralis major Clavicle, sternum, Lateral lip of, Medial and i
TI Adducts arm and rotates
and upper six bicipital groove pectoral nerves from itmedialy;clavicular
costal cartilages of humerus bractial plexus fibers also lex arm
Pectoralis minor 3rd, 4th, and Coracoid process Medial pectoral nerve 6,7,8 Depresses point of
of scapula from brachial plexus shoulder, ifthe seapula
is fixed, it elevates the
ribs of origin
Subclavius Isteostal cartilage Clavicle Nerve to subetavius Depresses the clavicle
from upper trunk of and steadies this bone
brachial plexus during movements of
the shoulder girdle
Serratus anterior Medial border Long thoracic nerve C5,6,7 Draws the forward
‘and inferior anterior around the
angle of thoracic wal; rotates
scapula scapula
"The predominant nev root spn isindeatd by bolt ype.
360
Basic Anstomy 349
aa
Trapezius Occipital bone, Upper fibers into Spinal part of | Xtcranial Upper fibers elevate
ligamentum nuchae, lateral third of accessory nerve (spinal the scapula; middle
‘spine of 7th cervical clavicle; middle and nerve (motor) part) fibers pull scapula
vertebra, spines of all lower fibers into ‘and C3 and medially, lower fibers
thoracic vertebrae acromion and spine (sensory) pull medial border of
of scapula scapula downward
Latissimus lilac crest, lumbar fascia, Floor of bicipital Thoracodorsal 8,78, Extends, adducts, and
dorsi spines of lower six groove of humerus nerve mmocialy rotates the
thoracic vertebrae, arm
lower three or four
ribs, and inferior angle
of scapula
Levator Transverse processes Medial border of Cand4end 3,45 Raises medial border of
scapulae of Istfour cervical scapula dorsal scapula
vertebrae scapular
nerve
Rhomboid _Ligamentum nuchae end Medial border of Dorsal scapular 4,5 Raises medial border of
rminor spines of 7h cervical. scapula nerve ‘scapula upward and
and tstthoracic, medially
vertebrae
Rhomboid Secondo Sththoracic «Medial border of Dorsal scapular 64,5 Raises medial border of
‘major spines scapula nerve seapula upward and
medially Lateral third
Middle of lateral Axillary nerve
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
‘Toros major
Teras minor
Subscapularis
of clavicle,
acromion, spine
of scapula
Supraspinous fossa
of scapula
Infraspinous fossa
of scapula
Lower third of
lateral border of
scapula
Upper two thirds of
lateral border of
scapula
Subscapular fossa
surface of shaft
of humerus
Greatertuberosity Supraseapular
of humerus; nerve
capsule of
shouldar joint
Greater tuberosity Suprascapular
of humerus; nerve
capsule of
shoulder joint
Medial lp of Lower subscapular
bicipital groove nerve
of humerus
Greater tuberosity Axillary nerve
of humerus;
capsule of
shoulder joint
Lesser tuberosity of Upper and lower
humerus subscapular
C486
(ca, 5.6
65,67
Abducts arm; anterior fiber
flex and medially rotate
arm; posterior fibers extend
and laterally rotate erm
Abducts arm and stabilizes
‘shoulder joint
Latarally rotates arm and
stabilizes shoulder joint
Mecially rotates and adducts
‘arm and stabilizes shoulder
joint
Laterally rotates arm and
stabilizes shoulder joint Anterior Compartment
Biceps brachii
Long head Supreglenoid
tubercle of scapula
Short head Coracold process of
scapula
Coracobrachialis Coracoid process of
scapula
Brachialis Front of ower half ot
humerus
Posterior Compartment
Triceps
Long head Infraglenoid tubercle
of scapula
Lateral head Upper hait of
posterior surface
of shaft of humerus,
Medial head Lower half of
posterior surface
of shaft of humerus
Tuberosity of radius
‘and bicipital
aponeurosis into
fascia of
Medial aspect of shaft
of humerus
Coronoid process of
ulna
Olecranon process of
une
‘Musculocuteneous
nerve
‘Musculocutaneous
neve
‘Musculocutaneous
nerve
Radial nerve
05,6
05,67
06,7,8
Supinator of forearm
‘and flexor of elbow
join; weak flexor
of shoulder joint
Flexes arm and also
weak adductor
Flexor of elbow joint
Extensor of elbow
jint
“The prodminant nore oot suppWisindeatd by boldace type. Pronator Teres
Humeral head Motial epicondyle of
humerus
Uinarhead Medial border of
Ccoronoid process of
ulna
Flexor carpi Medial epicondyle of
radials humerus
Paimaris Modial epicondyle of
longus humerus
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
Humeral head Medial epicondyie of
humerus
Uinarhead ——-Maaial aspect of
‘olecranon process
‘and posterior border
of ulna
Flexor Digitorum Superficial
Humerouinar Medial epicondyle of
head humerus; medial
border of coronoid
process of ulna
Radial head Oblique line on anterior
surface of shaft of
re
Flexor policis Anterior surface of shaft
longus of radius
Flexor Anteromedial surface of
digitorum shaft of ulna
profundus
Pronator Anterior surface of shaft
quacratus of ulna
Lateral aspect of shaft
of radius
Bases of second and
third metacarpal
bones
Flexor retinaculum and
palmar aponeurosis
Pisiform bane, hook of
the hamate, base at
fifth metacarpal bone
Middle phalanx of
‘medial four fingers
Distal phalanx of thumb
Distal phalanges of
‘medial four fingers
Anterior surface of shaft
of radius
Median nerve
Median nerve
Median nerve
Ulnar nerve
Median nerve
‘Anterior interosseous
branch of median
nerve
Ulnar (medial halt)
‘and median (lateral
half) nerves
Anterior interosseous
branch of median
nerve
cre
caT1
cr. 11
a7!
car
cat!
Pronation and flexion of
forearm
Flexes and abducts
hand at wrist joint
Floxes hand
Flexes and adducts,
hand at wrist joint
Flexes middle phalanx
of fingers and assists
in flexing proximal
phalanx and hand
Flexes distal phalanx of
‘thumb
Flexes distal phalanx
of fingers; then
assists in flexion of
middle and proximal
phalanges and wrist
Pronates forearm
predominant nerve oot uppity isindcated by boetace oe. Brachioracialis Lateral supracon- Base of styloid pro-
dylar ridge of cess of radius
humerus
Extensor carpi Loteral supracon- Posterior surface
radialis longus dyiar ridge of of base of sec-
humerus ‘ond metacarpal
bone
Radial nerve
(5,67 Flexes forearm
at elbow joint;
rotates forearm
tothe midprone
position
Extends and
abducts hand at
wrist joint
Radial nerve (6,7
“The predominant nerve rect supply is insiate by boface np. Basic Anatomy 397
TABLE 9.8
Extensor carpi Lateral epicondyle of Posterior surface Deopbranch of | C7, 8 Extonds and abducts
radials brevis humerus ofbaseof third radial nerve hand at wrist joint
metacarpal bone
Extensor Lateralepicondyle of Middle and distal Deep branch of | 67,8. Extends fingers and hand
Cigitorum humerus phalanges of radial nerve (see text for details)
‘medial four
fingers
Extensor digi Lateral epicondyle of Extensor expansion Deep branchof C7, 8 Extends metacerpal
minim humerus of ite finger radial nerve halangeal joint of litle
finger
Extensor carpi Lateral epicondyle of Base of th Deep branch of —C7,8 Extends and adducts
ulnaris humerus metacarpal bone radial nerve hhand at wrist joint
Anconeus Lateral epicondyle of Lateral surface ——Radialnerve C7, 8, T1 Extends elbow joint
humerus of olecranon
process of ulna
Supinator Lateral epicondyle of Neck and shaftof Deep branch of €5,6, ‘Supination of forearm
humerus, anular radius racial nerve
ligament of proximal
radioulnar joint, and
ulna
Abductor pollicis Posterior surface of Base of first Deep branch of C7, 8 Abducts and extends
longus shatts of radius and metacarpal bone radial nerve ‘thumb
ulna
Extensor pollicis Posterior surface of Base ot proximal Deepbranchot 7,8 Extends
brevis shaft of radius phalanx of thumb radial nerve metacarpophalangeal
joins of thumb
Extensor pollicis Posterior surface of Base of distal Deepbranchof C7,8 Extends distel phalanx of
longus shaft of ulna phalanx of thumb radial nerve ‘thumb
Extensor indicis Extensor expansion Deepbranch of 7,8 Extonds
of index finger radial nerve metacarpophalangeal
Joint of index finger Palmaris brevis
Lumbricals (4)
Interossei (3)
Palmar (4)
Dorsal (4)
Flexor retinaculum,
palmar
aponeurosis
Tendons of flexor
