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C0 Overview

This document provides an overview of computational topology, including its key concepts and applications. It outlines the main topics covered, such as topological spaces, surfaces, complexes, simplicial homology, and persistent homology. Computational topology involves developing algorithms to solve problems in topology, like determining if shapes are connected or embedded in a plane. Potential applications include image segmentation, analyzing gene expression data, and molecular shape matching for drug design.

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24 views21 pages

C0 Overview

This document provides an overview of computational topology, including its key concepts and applications. It outlines the main topics covered, such as topological spaces, surfaces, complexes, simplicial homology, and persistent homology. Computational topology involves developing algorithms to solve problems in topology, like determining if shapes are connected or embedded in a plane. Potential applications include image segmentation, analyzing gene expression data, and molecular shape matching for drug design.

Uploaded by

njfdht24nm
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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You are on page 1/ 21

Basic Computational Topology:

SM 402

Amit Chattopadhyay

IIIT-Bangalore

Ch 0: Overview

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Syllabus: Outline

Basic Computational Topology

1. Topological Spaces

2. Surfaces

3. Complexes

4. Simplicial Homology

5. Morse Theory

6. Persistent Homology

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Reference Books

1. Basic Topology: M. A. Armstrong.


2. Topology: James R. Munkres
3. Computational Topology: An Introduction, Herbert
Edelsbrunner, John Harer, AMS, 2010.
4. Effective Computational Geometry for Curves and Surfaces, Ch
7: Computational Topology: An Introduction, Günter Rote and Gert
Vegter

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Overview

• What is ‘Topology’?

• Why do we require Computation (Algorithms)?

• Where are the potential applications?

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Topology

• Branch of Mathematics - Systematic study of shapes


• Shapes - Topological Spaces
• Goal - Classification of shapes using global properties (e.g.
connectivity, holes of different dimensions)
• Topological Equivalence: Homeomorphism, Isotopy, Homotopy,
Homology

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Topological Equivalence: Examples

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Topological Equivalence: Examples

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Topological Spaces: Examples

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Topological Spaces: Examples

• 1D: Curves

• 2D: Surfaces

• nD: Manifolds

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Classification Theorem

Any orientable closed surface is homeomorphic either to the sphere, or to


the sphere with a finite number of handles added.

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How to Distinguish Topological Spaces?: Invariants

• Properties of a topological space that remain invariant under


homeomorphism - Connectedness, Euler characteristics,
Homology groups etc.
• Useful to show two topological spaces are not equivalent

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Computational Topology

• Solving algorithmic problems in topology

• Problem: Are the black dots connected?

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Problem: Parity

• Problem: Inside or outside the region enclosed by the polygon?

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Problem: Equivalent Knots

• Problem: Algorithm to check whether two knots are equivalent or


not

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Problem: Graph Embedding in Plane

• Problem: Algorithm to compute a planar embedding of a graph, if


exists

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Surfaces: Algorithms

• Searching a triangulation of a surface


• Computing Euler characteristic of a surface
• Checking Orientability of a surfaces
• Computing genus and topological type of a surface
• Checking Crossings
• Simplification of surfaces

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Complexes: Representing topological spaces

• Simplicial Complex
• Convex set systems
• Delaunay Complexes
• Alpha Complexes

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Computational Topology: Tools for Data Analysis

• Simplicial Homology: Counting Holes in the data

• Morse Theory: Study of “Critical Features”

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Computational Topology: Tools for Data Analysis

• Persistent Homology: Study of "Births" and "Deaths" of holes

• Topological Skeletons: for Scalar and Vector Data

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Applications

• Persistence based Image segmentation

• Measures of Gene Expression Data

• Elevation for Protein Docking

• Homology for Root Architectures

• Molecular shape matching for drug design

• From Chemical Topology to Molecular Machines (Nobel Prize in


Computational Chemistry, 2017)

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Summary

• Topology: A branch of mathematics for the systematic study of


shapes based on global properties (holes)
• Computational Topology: Algorithmic problems in topology (e.g.
Counting holes of different dimensions in a topological space)
• Applications: Data+Topology = Shape of the Data

• Applications: Topological Data Analysis, Topological Machine


Learning.

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