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Bohr Model of Atom

The Bohr model of the atom consists of: 1) A small, dense nucleus at the center containing protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons in allowed orbits. 2) Electrons can only orbit in discrete, non-radiating orbits called stationary orbits where their angular momentum is an integer multiple of h/2π. 3) Energy is absorbed when an electron jumps to a higher orbit and emitted as a photon when it drops to a lower orbit, with the photon's frequency determined by the difference in orbital energies.

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Nosia Banoo
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51 views

Bohr Model of Atom

The Bohr model of the atom consists of: 1) A small, dense nucleus at the center containing protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons in allowed orbits. 2) Electrons can only orbit in discrete, non-radiating orbits called stationary orbits where their angular momentum is an integer multiple of h/2π. 3) Energy is absorbed when an electron jumps to a higher orbit and emitted as a photon when it drops to a lower orbit, with the photon's frequency determined by the difference in orbital energies.

Uploaded by

Nosia Banoo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Bohr Model Of Atom

Following are the basic postulates of this


model :
1. Every atom
❖ consists of a central core called
nucleus in which entire positive
charge and almost entire mass of
the atom are concentrated.
❖ A suitable number of electrons
(having as much negative charge as
the positive charge on the nucleus)
revolve around the nucleus in
circular orbits.
❖ The centripetal force required for
revolution is provided by the
electrostatic force of attraction
between the electron and the
nucleus.
2. According to Bohr, electron can
revolve only in certain discrete non
radiating orbits called stationary orbits
for which total angular momentum of
the revolving electron is an integral
multiple of h/2π
i.e. L = h/2π
where h is Planck's constant.

Thus the angular momentum of the


orbiting electron is quantised.

As angular momentum of electron = mvr, for


any permitted (stationary) orbit

where n is any positive integer, n = 1, 2, 3......


3. The emission/absorption of energy
occurs only when an electron jumps
from one of its specified non-radiating
orbits to another.

The difference in the total energy of


electron in the two permitted orbits is
absorbed when the electron jumps
from an inner to an outer orbit, and
emitted when electron jumps from
outer to the inner orbit.

If E₁ is total energy of electron in an inner


stationary orbit and
E2 is its total energy in an outer stationary
orbit, then
frequency v of radiation emitted on jumping
from outer to inner orbit is given by,
hv = E2 - E1

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