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Chromatography Lab

1. The student conducted paper chromatography experiments to separate marker ink and pen ink into their components using alcohol as the solvent. 2. For the black pen, two components were observed with Rf factors of 0.7 and 0.3, indicating it was impure. The blue pen and blue marker each had only one component, showing they were pure. 3. Chromatography is useful for separating mixtures and determining if substances are pure or impure, with applications in fields like forensics, food testing, and drug analysis.

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Anneilia Campbell
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121 views

Chromatography Lab

1. The student conducted paper chromatography experiments to separate marker ink and pen ink into their components using alcohol as the solvent. 2. For the black pen, two components were observed with Rf factors of 0.7 and 0.3, indicating it was impure. The blue pen and blue marker each had only one component, showing they were pure. 3. Chromatography is useful for separating mixtures and determining if substances are pure or impure, with applications in fields like forensics, food testing, and drug analysis.

Uploaded by

Anneilia Campbell
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chemistry

Annelia Campbell

Date: October 29,2020

Title: Chromatography

Aim: To separate marker ink and pen ink into its components using paper chromatography to
find out if they are pure, impure, soluble or insoluble

Apparatus: Sheet of plain paper, Strips of paper, Scissors,15ml measuring cup, Pencil, Blue
pen, Blue marker ,Black pen, Black marker, Plastic cup, Ruler, Alcohol

Diagram:

Method:

● A sheet of plain paper was cut into 16*3cm strips

● A ruler was use to find a 1cm mark from the bottom of the paper

● A line was drawn at that 1cm mark across the bottom of the paper. This is the point of
origin.
● 2 dots were placed on the line on one of the strips of paper using a blue pen and a blue
marker.
● 2 dots were placed on the line on another strip of paper using a black pen and a black
marker.
● The dots were labeled A and B on both strips of paper

● The strips of paper were then rolled unto a pencil and secured using a paper clip

● 10ml of alcohol was then measured using a 15ml measuring cup

● The alcohol was then transferred into a plastic cup

● The pencil with the rolled up paper was then placed inside the cup and left to sit for a few
hours
● The paper was then removed and the distance traveled by the solvent and the distance
traveled by each component of the die was then measured using a ruler

Observation:

What was Colours Distant Distance Rf factors


separated for each travelled travelled
component fromorigin by
solvent

Black The black Purple and 2.9cm 3.7cm 0.7


Pen pen ink was yellow
separated
into two
component
s

Black The black purple 1cm 3.7cm 0.3


Marker ink was
separated
into one
component

Blue pen Nothing 0cm 4.5cm 0


was
separated

Blue The black A slightly 1.2cm 4.5cm 0.25


marker ink was lighter
separated shade of
into one
component blue

Precautions: Measuring the alcohol at eye level

Limitations: Not being able to make the dots the exact same size

Sample Calculations:

black pen: distance moved by the solvent= 4cm 2.9/4=0.7

distance moved by the solute=2.9cm

Discussion: Paper chromatography is used for identifying and separating colored mixtures like
pigments. It is used in scientific studies to identify unknown organic and inorganic compounds
from a mixture and if a substance is pure or impure. Chromatography is used for creating
vaccines, food testing, Forensic testing drug testing ect. The blue pen, blue marker and black
marker were all pure. We know this because we can see that they only contain one component
based on the chromatogram but the black pen was impure because it contained two components.

Conclusion: The Blue marker and black marker were both soluble and pure. The black pen was
soluble but impure and the blue pen is insoluble but pure. The retention factors are:

Black pen-0.7

Blue Pen-0

Black Marker-0.3

Blue Marker-0.25

Reflection: Chromatography is an important technique that enables the separation,


identification, and purification of the components of a mixture for qualitative and quantitative
analysis. Chromatography is used to help catch criminals, to analyse blood and cloth samples,
helping to identify criminals. It can be used to detect spoilage in foods, determining the number
of organic acids in foods provides key information about the quality of foods and many more.

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