Group X
Group X
_____________________
CAPSTONE PROJECT
_____________________
Kelvin B. Padio
Melvin D. Apolinar
Genesis Joshua D. Minas
Jan Vincent H. Eslisa
Jameson T. Lauang
Chapter 1
Introduction
In today’s digital age, the availability of internet connection in school campuses has
become an essential requirement for effective teaching and learning. The internet serves
as a gateway to a vast realm of knowledge, information, and resources that enrich the
educational experience for students and educators alike. With its ever-expanding reach
and transformative power, the presence of a reliable and accessible internet connection
places where a big number of users are accessing in the same time such as universities.
Systems that manages the dedicated bandwidth of the provided internet by the Internet
Service Provider (ISP) plays a pivotal role in which the performance of the network.
Access service provides a mean through which users are redirected to a landing page
where they are asked to log in to the network using their TP numbers. With the ease and
utilizing of this system, the internet connection will not be an issue even if the high-
In the study of Dwiyatno, Putra, & Krisnanigsih (2015). The caused by bandwidth
networks are not able to quickly serve every activity or human work (Engkoo &
required called
the QoS (Quality of service) method. QoS (Quality of Service) method is a method used
network slowness (Purwahid & Triloka, 2019) or data density. In QoS method (Quality
of Service) provides bandwidth usage limits on each user who uses one computer
network fairly and evenly so that the computer network can manage regularly each user
activity that varies well without the occurrence of density or traffic in a computer
network.
The process of improving and maximizing the efficiency of the internet connection
within the NVSU (Nueva Vizcaya State University) Bayombong campus network using
a MikroTik router. A MikroTik router is a popular network device that can be used to
manage and optimize network traffic, improve network performance, and provide
various advanced features to network administrators. This title suggests that there may
be existing issues with the internet connection within the NVSU campus, and the use of
a MikroTik router may be a solution to improve and optimize the network infrastructure.
The aim of this project could be to enhance the overall user experience of the internet
theories and concepts related on optimizing internet connection with the use of
MikroTik Router. This includes different local and foreign literature and studies that
2
Internet
The Internet has become an integral part of our lives, transforming the way we
communicate, access information, conduct business, and entertain ourselves. Today, the
Internet comprises more than 45,000 regional, national and international networks,
which connect more than 30 million people in over 200 countries. The networks include
(Gray, 1999).
LANs and WANs distributed throughout the world. The Internet is a global system of
interconnected computer networks that communicate using the Internet protocol suite
and government networks with local to global reach that are interconnected by a wide
access to a broad array of information resources and services, including the interlinked
hypertext pages and applications of the World Wide Web (WWW), electronic mail,
In the study of (Salac & Kim, 2016). The study aims to help address concerns
about the growing demand of wider bandwidth Internet connection in the Philippines.
Using articles and research of international organizations and content from official
websites of the Philippine government, this paper has carefully examined the slow
Internet connectivity and the high cost that the end-users pay for it. This paper suggests
that this inefficiency hampers the motivation of users to innovate in a way that could
3
Through a comparison of the current global ICT situation with the current situation in
the Philippines, this paper shows that the country`s Internet infrastructure lags behind
average Internet speed of 2.8 Mbps, placing the country at 104 among 160 countries.
education is no exception. With its immense reach and transformative capabilities, the
internet has become an invaluable tool for learners and educators worldwide.
Chickering and Ehrmann (1996) point out that Internet technologies like the
World Wide Web (WWW), Electronic Mail, Chat Rooms and List Servers are useful in
pieces of literature that supported the argument of this study and saw the needs and
challenges of internet connections among students (Aboagye et al., 2021; Chase et al.,
2018; Chung et al., 2020a; Lorenzo, 2017). However, there are some also that have a
facility in a university is not an issue for the use of the internet in the university (Apuke
& Iyendo, 2018). Another study also spoke of the importance of enhanced internet
connectivity for e-learning especially in rural areas (Ahmed et al., 2017). Based on
for online learning (Muthuprasad et al., 2021). In another particular article by Hossain
and Rahman (2017), they stipulated that students from their studies need to enhance
their internet usage and further suggested that the university should provide internet
4
facilities and an environment for students. In a related article, Tarimo and Kavishe
(2017) found that 82% of students in their study use the internet for academic purposes.
With these ideas and information, internet connection is both an issue and challenge not
only for the students but also for teachers and the institution.
MikroTiK Router
powerful tools for optimizing internet connections. These versatile devices offer a range
by MikroTik that functions to run Router OS which has many benefits for managing
blocking and so forth. Examples of MikroTik Routers that are widely used are: RB750,
RB751-2HnD.
computers can use the internet with a smooth and stable despite all computers using the
internet at the same time (Siahaan, 2016). Bandwidth Management or Quality of Services
network. (Pamungkas, 2016) Bandwidth is the amount of data packet traffic that an
and regulating the communications (traffic, packets) over a network link in order to avoid
5
filling the link to capacity or overfilling the link, which would cause network congestion
and poor network performance. According to the study of Afdhal A., Taufiq G., and
Haimi A. (2010), it was indicated that the placement of MikrtoTik Bridge can regulate
bandwidth usage management, so that data exchange becomes better and bandwidth
usage can be more optimal, without changing the previous network configuration.
Additionally, a study conducted by Fatsyahrina F. and Dodi Prasetyo U., revealed that
Mikrotik router can be used as a limiter device and a firewall system to set a restriction to
Router Operating System”, Adam Mohammed stated that MikroTik router Operating
System (OS) can be used to build an authentication and billing system, and used to
restrict usage and bandwidth allocations to users. Another study conducted by Tuafik
Rahman et al. (2020) concluded that moving the configuration center point on the modem
(giving the IP address down) to the MikroTik router can be done well, it can also
translate company, institution, school, and even parent policies to the home internet when
children access the internet , such as when it is allowed to access the internet can be
arranged, things that may or may not arranged in order to educate children to use the
Network Management Using MikroTik Routers and Proxy Serves, they use MikroTik
Routerboard proxy to manage router configurations using the Graphic User Interface
(GUI) through the Winbox facility so that it is more friendly. The new management
system using a proxy router board on the internet at Jumantono State Vocational School
6
can control the flow of data traffic and the load balancing management system with the
Fail Over and PCC methods is able to avoid overload problems on one of the connection
Besides, MikroTik stands out among competitors for a number of reasons. Two
major ones are its reasonably priced products and its user-friendly user interface, which
makes it easy to work and communicate with its hardware. An article entitled “Network
Management using MikroTik” states that Mikrotik is a very low cost router which may
suitable for small network. Mikrotik can access through Winbox. As a result, Mikrotik
Router OS can be managed easily. In 2004, a project began to build low-cost Internet
infrastructure in rural Mali. MikroTik routers and their operating system were chosen
because of their low cost, flexibility, the fact that the system already had "a substantial
user base in Mali", and had a user interface deemed "superior to other products".
MikroTik routers were also preferred for a WLAN project in Burkina Faso, and
MikroTik's proprietary Nostrum protocol performed better than IEEE 802.11 under the
In 2008, the Municipality of Piripiri, Piauí State, Brazil, decided to use MikroTik
routers exclusively to build the infrastructure for providing free Internet access. MikroTik
routers are also popular in the Czech Republic and Hungary, where they enjoy a good
reputation. Under One Laptop Per Child (OLPC) program, Uruguay deployed a
7
Synthesis of the literature
From the review of literature above, it revealed that Internet plays a vital role in
the field of education. Thus, the university should exert an effort to enhance the internet
meet the need of students for a reliable internet access for their academic learning.
Meanwhile, MikroTik Router is a versatile and powerful networking device renowned for
its ability to optimize and enhance internet connections. With its robust features and
advanced capabilities, the MikroTik router offers numerous benefits for individuals,
addition, Siahaan (2016) mentioned that MikroTik has a bandwidth control features that
maintain a smooth and responsive network experience. It also offers advanced traffic
competitive advantage lies in the combination of reasonably priced products and a user-
friendly interface. This winning combination ensures that users can acquire cost-effective
routers without sacrificing functionality and can easily harness the full potential of their
8
Conceptual Framework
connection within the NVSU (Nueva Vizcaya State University) CAS building network
using a MikroTik router. A MikroTik router is a popular network device that can be used
to manage and optimize network traffic, improve network performance, and provide
various advanced features to network administrators. One of the first steps network
admins can take is to gather network data and analyze it to understand how users and
applications on the network consume bandwidth. Once teams have established a baseline
of bandwidth usage in their network, they can map out the existing network topology.
9
This process enables teams to visualize how devices are connected and see how traffic
travels across the network to and from applications and users. After evaluating their
network topologies, teams can assess the VLANs and subnets in their network. Both
VLANs and subnets enable teams to segment portions of the network and streamline
communication to and from endpoints within those segments. Services like load
balancing and load sharing can improve performance by distributing traffic across
multiple network paths, enabling more efficient bandwidth usage. Using collected data
and established baselines, network teams can evaluate which applications, resources and
users need bandwidth priority. Another effective strategy to optimize network bandwidth
times when users are less likely to be on the network. Admins can schedule backups
during overnight hours, for example. Another consideration includes evaluating which
devices or OSes have settings for automatic updates. Monitoring tools help network
admins pinpoint applications that are consuming excess bandwidth and identify routes
that are overloaded with packets. Finally, teams should plan ahead to determine any
potential changes they might encounter in the next few years, such as application
changes, cloud migration and upgrades for hardware, servers, memory and OSes.
Consider how these changes might affect traffic growth, security requirements and
routing policies.
10
Paradigm of the study
As shown in the figure 2, the inputs section represents the existing network
infrastructure at NVSU. While, the process section outlines the Cisco Methodology that
the researcher’s adopted as the research design. The output section represents the desired
11
Statement of the Problem
In order to accomplish the goal of this study, the research aims to answer the following
problems:
1. What are the current challenges and limitations in the NVSU network
2. How does the proposed configuration of the MikroTik router influence internet
5.
providing reliable and fast Internet connectivity to students. The current network
infrastructure is unable to handle the increasing demands for online learning, research,
and administrative tasks. As a result, there is a need to optimize the Internet connection
using MikroTik Router to improve the overall network performance, enhance network
management, QoS rules, and security protocols is causing network congestion, frequent
downtime, and network attacks. Through this study, the researchers would be able to
provide a comprehensive solution that can address the current network issues and ensure
12
The results of the study would be beneficial to the following:
Students. The students would likely experience faster and more reliable internet
speeds, allowing them to access online learning materials, communicate with classmates
optimizing the internet connection using MikroTik Router, and use this knowledge to
plan for future network expansions, upgrades, and enhancements to meet the evolving
Future Researchers. Future researchers could use the findings of the study to
experiences.
The scope of the study includes exploring various optimization techniques and
configurations using MikroTik Router to improve the internet connection in the NVSU
network. The study will assess the impact of the optimization strategies on network
performance metrics such as latency, bandwidth utilization, packet loss, and overall
optimizing the internet connection in NVSU. The study may face limitations in terms of
budget, time and access to resources. These constraints may affect the extent of network
13
optimization measures that can be implemented or the duration of data collection and
analysis. The study’s scope may be limited by the existing network infrastructure of
capabilities, network topology, and other infrastructure limitations. The scope of the
study is focused on optimizing the internet connection in NVSU and may not consider
Definition of Terms
To ensure clarity of the discussion and to derive a clear concept of the study, the
the utilization of available network bandwidth to ensure efficient and effective internet
connectivity.
Internet Service Provider (ISP) – serve as intermediaries between users and the
improve speed, reduce latency, and enhance the overall internet experience.
provides a wide range of features and tools for managing network resources, such as
routing, firewall, bandwidth management, wireless access point, hotspot gateway, VPN
14
Quality of Service (QoS) – Is used in optimizing an internet connection it is to
control and allocate network resources effectively, particularly in situations where the
15
Chapter 2
METHODOLOGY
optimization of the internet connection in the NVSU (Nueva Vizcaya State University)
network using a MikroTik router. The chapter outlines the research design, data
collection methods, data analysis techniques, and ethical considerations involved in the
study.
Research Design
Cisco methodology will be the research design for this study. Cisco methodology
This methodology will to plan, deploy, and manage the network infrastructure
for optimizing the internet connection and determine the specific performance targets to
network topology, devices, and connectivity details. Also, collect information about the
The researchers will familiarize the features and capabilities of MikroTik RouterOS and
understand the different tools and settings available that can help optimize the internet
connection.
the current state of the network. Identify any bottlenecks, performance issues, or areas
that require improvement. They will also establish performance metrics and objectives
Based on the assessment and objectives, the researchers will create a plan for optimizing
the internet connection using MikroTik RouterOS. This plan should outline the specific
Design: In the design phase, the researchers will create a detailed plan for implementing
the optimization changes. Considering the various factors such as network security,
quality of service (QoS), bandwidth management, and traffic shaping. They will
determine how these factors will be addressed using MikroTik RouterOS. Design
16
applications, and optimize overall network performance. This may involve setting up
Implement: The Implement phase involves the actual deployment of the designed
network. Now it's time to implement the planned changes on the MikroTik RouterOS
device. Configure the router according to the design plan. This may involve setting up
Monitor the impact of these changes on the network and make adjustments as necessary.
Operate: In the operational phase, the researchers will monitor and maintain the network
and the MikroTik RouterOS device. Regularly monitor network performance, including
metrics such as latency, bandwidth utilization, and packet loss. They will use the
The researchers will also perform routine maintenance tasks, such as software updates,
security patches, and backup configurations, to ensure the stability and security of your
network.
Optimize: The Optimize phase involves continuous improvement and optimization of the
network infrastructure. The researchers will Continuously analyze the performance data
and metrics collected during the operational phase to identify areas for further
optimization. Fine-tune network settings, QoS policies, and bandwidth management rules
based on observed performance and user requirements. They will monitor the network
17
closely, gather feedback from users, and make necessary adjustments to maximize
The respondents of the study will be the 1st year to 2nd year CAS students who
were enrolled S.Y. 2022-2023 of the Nueva Vizcaya State University, Bayombong
campus. In this study, random sampling technique will be used. Out of 640 1st year to 2nd
year students enrolled in CAS, only 200 students will be selected as respondents. The
desired sample size will be computed using the Slovin’s formula. The following is the
sample study.
The table below shows the number of students per section covered in the study.
Table 1
Number of Student participants from 1st year to 2nd year
Year and Course Population No. of samples(f) Percentage
1st year BSIT 199 37 18.5%
2nd year BSIT 147 37 18.5%
1st year BSCS 60 27 13.5%
2nd year BSCS 32 15 7.5%
1st year BSBIO 60 27 13.5%
2nd year BSBIO 42 16 8.0%
1st year BSMATH 38 14 7.0%
2nd year BSMATH 12 6 3.0%
1st year BSIS 38 15 7.5%
2nd year BSIS 12 6 3.0%
TOTAL 640 200 100.0%
Instrumentation
18
This study will use the questionnaire method to gather information on the
Part I of the questionnaire includes the age, sex, civil status, year level and section.
Part II of the questionnaire includes indicators of study habits with a rating scale of
1-5 with 5 being the highest and 1 as the lowest. 5 was rated as always, 4 as often, 3 as
A letter of permission will seek from the dean of the Bachelor of science in
information technology to allow the researchers to conduct this study and to refer to the
individual record of the BSIT students. Those records were used to determine the GPA of
the respondents.
After approval was given, the questionnaires were administered among the respondents
Data Analysis
Frequency (f)and Percentage (%) Count. This will be used to calculate the
sample size (n) given the population size (N) and a margin error (e).
Mean or Standard Deviation (SD).). This will use to determine the knowledge
on how to summarize continues data, not categorical data. calculate an overall score for
each respondent by summing up the responses across all the survey questions. By doing
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APPENDICES
22
QUESTIONNAIRE FOR STUDENT-PARTICIPANT
Direction: Please put a check mark before the items. If information is needed,
write answers on the space provided.
Age: ______
Sex: ______Male
______Female
______Married
______BSCS
______BSB
______ BSMATHEMATICS
______BSIS
23
PART II. RATING SCALE ON NETWORK CONNECTION
Direction: The following indicators show the study habits of students. Please check the number
that indicates how often you do the items using the rating scale below.
CURRICULUM VITAE
24
Personal Background
Name: Genesis Joshua D. Minas
Date of Birth: May 20, 2001
Place of Birth: AMBALLO SOUTH, BARETBET, BAGABAG, NUEVA VIZCAYA
Home Address: PUROK 10, AMBALLO SOUTH, BARETBET, BAGABAG, NUEVA
VIZCAYA
Religion: BORN AGAIN
Educational Background
Primary :AMBALLO RESETTLEMENT ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
Secondary: BAGABAG NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL, NVSU LABORATORY
SCHOOL
Tertiary: NUEVA VIZCAYA GENERAL COMPREHENSIVE HIGHSCHOOL
College: NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Personal Background
25
Name: Melvin D. Apolinar
Date of Birth: April 12, 2000
Place of Birth: Balete, Diadi, Nueva Vizcaya
Home Address: Purok-5, Baretbet, Bagabag, Nueva Vizcaya
Religion: Roman Catholic
Educational Background
Personal Background
26
Name: Jameson T. Laung
Date of Birth: September 24,1999
Place of Birth: Veterans Regional
Home Address: Villa Coloma, Bagabag, Nueva Vizcaya
Religion: Roman Catholic
Educational Background
Personal Background
27
Name: Jan Vincent H. Eslisa
Date of Birth: January 27, 2001
Place of Birth: Cordon, Isabela
Home Address: Capirpirwan, Cordon, Isabela
Religion: Roman Catholic
Educational Background
Personal Background
28
Name: Kelvin B. Padio
Date of Birth: February 11, 2002
Place of Birth: Lagawe, Ifugao
Home Address: Poblacion, Diadi, Nueva Vizcaya
Religion: Roman Catholic
Educational Background
29