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The document discusses experiments conducted to learn Wireless Markup Language (WML): 1. The first experiment explores using line breaks in WML code. 2. The second experiment illustrates changing font sizes in WML using tags like <small>, <big>, and <strong>. 3. WML is introduced as the markup language used for mobile phone pages and applications, based on XML syntax. It provides navigation, text formatting, and forms for mobile devices.

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nitishkumarwin081
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20 views

MC File

The document discusses experiments conducted to learn Wireless Markup Language (WML): 1. The first experiment explores using line breaks in WML code. 2. The second experiment illustrates changing font sizes in WML using tags like <small>, <big>, and <strong>. 3. WML is introduced as the markup language used for mobile phone pages and applications, based on XML syntax. It provides navigation, text formatting, and forms for mobile devices.

Uploaded by

nitishkumarwin081
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EXPERIMENT-1

AIM: To study Wireless Markup language (WML).


Mobile compu ng refers to using the small portable and hand-held compu ng devices such
as PDA, laptops, mobile phones, MP3 players, digital cameras, tablet PC and Palmtops in a
wireless enabled network. In broad sense, it is referred to use any handheld compu ng
device without the cables.

In this Lab, programs are designed on WML (Wireless Markup Language), which is the
programming language to design the mobile phone pages and also the part of the subject
curriculum.

Wireless Markup Language, based on XML, is a markup language intended for devices that
implement the Wireless Applica on Protocol (WAP) specifica on, such as mobile phones. It
provides naviga onal support, data input, hyperlinks, text and image presenta on, and
forms, much like HTML (Hypertext Markup Language). It preceded the use of other markup
languages now used with WAP, such as HTML itself, and XHTML (which are gaining in
popularity as processing power in mobile devices increases). The official WML specifica on
is developed and maintained by the WAP Forum, an industry-wide consor um founded by
Nokia, Phone.com, Motorola, and Ericsson. This specifica on defines the syntax, variables,
and elements used in a valid WML file.

WML Tags:
WAP homepages are not very different from HTML homepages. The markup language used
for WAP is WML (Wireless Markup Language). WML uses tags - just like HTML - but the
syntax is stricter and conforms to the XML 1.0 standard. WML pages have the extension *.
WML, just like HTML pages have the extension *. HTML. WML is mostly about text. Tags that
would slow down the communica on with handheld devices are not a part of the WML
standard. The use of tables and images is strongly restricted. Since WML is an XML
applica on, all tags are case sensi ve (<wml> is not the same as </WML>), and all tags must
be properly closed.

Element Tags:
As WML is a language derived from XML, each element has an opening and a closing tag; if
no actual content exists, an abbrevia on can be used. WML is therefore case sensi ve, tags
have to be given in lowercase le ers.

<tag>Content</tag>
<tag/>
<tag a ribute="value1">Content</tag>
<tag a ribute="value"/>
Meta Tags:
Proliferate informa on to search engines and are surrounded by a <head> tag. These are
located at the head of the file a er the prolog and the <wml> tag.

<head>
<meta name="keywords" content="keyword"/>
<meta name="descrip on" content="a descrip on"/> <meta name="author"
content="Thomas
Ziegler"/> </head>

Links:
Links may be given in two ways, but the <a> tag is preferred.

<anchor>Go to URL<go href="url.wml"/></anchor>

<anchor>Go to URL<go href="h p://wml.org.de/url.wml"/></anchor> <a accesskey="1"


href="#card">Go to card</a>
<a href="h p://wml.org/deck.wml/#card">Go to card</a>

CDATA:
With a CDATA sec on text can be displayed without interpreta on of tags and special
characters.

<! [CDATA[Dies ist ein langer, unforma erter Text, der <nicht> geparst wird, daher sind auch
"$%&" Zeichen erlaubt]]>

IMAGES:
The WBMP format (Wireless Bitmap) is used to code images under WML. Nokia has a DOS
based conversion u lity.

<img src="bild.wbmp" alt="Text">


src: URL des Bildes
alt: Alterna ve text (mandatory)
align: "top", "middle", "bo om" (alignment)

INPUT:
<input> generates a text entry field and validates the entry against a format specifica on.
The value is returned in a Variable.

<input name="Name" value="Template"/>


<head>
<meta name="keywords" content="keyword"/>
<meta name="descrip on" content="a descrip on"/> <meta name="author"
content="Thomas
Ziegler"/> </head>

Links:
Links may be given in two ways, but the <a> tag is preferred.

<anchor>Go to URL<go href="url.wml"/></anchor>


<anchor>Go to URL<go href="h p://wml.org.de/url.wml"/></anchor> <a accesskey="1"
href="#card">Go to card</a>
<a href="h p://wml.org/deck.wml/#card">Go to card</a>

CDATA:
With a CDATA sec on text can be displayed without interpreta on of tags and special
characters.

<! [CDATA[Dies ist ein langer, unforma erter Text, der <nicht> geparst wird, daher sind auch
"$%&" Zeichen erlaubt]]>

IMAGES:
The WBMP format (Wireless Bitmap) is used to code images under WML. Nokia has a DOS
based conversion u lity.

<img src="bild.wbmp" alt="Text">


src: URL des Bildes
alt: Alterna ve text (mandatory)
align: "top", "middle", "bo om" (alignment)

INPUT:
<input> generates a text entry field and validates the entry against a format specifica on.
The value is returned in a Variable.

<input name="Name" value="Template"/>


name: Name of the receiving Variable
Value: Template
Type: "text", "password"
Format: Mask (e.g. A uppercase le ers, N numbers)
Maxlength: Maximum length of entry field
Title: Title
A <fieldset> groups input tags logically.
EXPERIMENT-2

AIM: Write a Program to create line break in WML.


Requirements: Nokia Mobile internet Toolkit
Code:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE wml PUBLIC "-//WAPFORUM//DTD WML 1.3//EN"
"h p://www.wapforum.org/DTD/wml13.dtd">

<wml>

<card id="MainCard" tle="This is a first card">

<p>This is our second <br/> experiment</p>

</card>

</wml>

Output:
EXPERIMENT - 3

AIM: Write a program in WML to illustrate the font size.

Requirements: Nokia Mobile internet Toolkit


Code:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE wml PUBLIC "-//WAPFORUM//DTD WML 1.3//EN"
"h p://www.wapforum.org/DTD/wml13.dtd">

<wml>

<card id="MainCard" tle="This is a first card">


<p>how can we show font size in a text with
<small>small</small>
<i><strong>strong</strong></i>and<big>big</big>
</p>
</card>
</wml>

Output:

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