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Cocomo Model Math

The document describes the Constructive Cost Model (COCOMO) which estimates software development effort, time, staff size, and productivity. It outlines the basic, intermediate, and detailed COCOMO models. The basic model uses lines of code and development mode to calculate effort and time, while the intermediate model adds 15 cost drivers that adjust the estimate based on project attributes.

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454 views

Cocomo Model Math

The document describes the Constructive Cost Model (COCOMO) which estimates software development effort, time, staff size, and productivity. It outlines the basic, intermediate, and detailed COCOMO models. The basic model uses lines of code and development mode to calculate effort and time, while the intermediate model adds 15 cost drivers that adjust the estimate based on project attributes.

Uploaded by

trs smriti
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Cocomo Model :

Constructive cost model ( Cocomo Model) used for calculate the effort,
development time, Average staff size and productive.

Three Types of Cocomo Models :

I. Basic Cocomo Model ,


II. Intermediate Cocomo Model,
III. Complete\detailed Cocomo Model.

Basic Cocomo Model :

✓ It estimates the software in a rough and quick manner .


✓ Mostly useful for small-medium sized software .
✓ 3 Modes Of development
I. Organic
II. Semidetached
III. Embedded
Organic Detached Embedded
1.Size 2-50 kLOC 50-300 KLOC Over 300 KLOC
2.Team Size Small size Medium size Large size
3.Developer Experienced Average Very little
Experience developers Experience previous
needed people experience
4. Environment Familiar Less familiar Significant
environment changes
(almost new)
5.Inovation Little Medium Major
6.Deadline Not tight Medium Tight

Basic model equation :

1. Effort = a ( KLOC )^b person-months


2. Development = c ( Effort )^d months
3. Average Staff = Effort /Dev:Time person
4. Productivity = KLOC/Effort KLOC/P.M

Mode a b c d
Organic 2.4 1.05 2.5 0.38
Semi- 3.0 1.12 2.5 0.35
detached
Embedded 3.6 1.20 2.5 0.32
Q : Suppose that a project was estimate to be 400 KLOC . Calculate effort and
Time for each of 3 modes of development .

1. Organic :
Effort = a ( KLOC )^b person-months
= 2.4 (400)^1.05 = 1295 P.M

Development time = c ( Effort )^d months

= 2.5 ( 1295 ) ^0.38 M

= 38 M

Average staff = Effort/Dev:time person

= 1295/38 = 34.07 person

Productivity = KLOC/Effort KLOC/P.M

= 400/1295 KLOC/P.M

= 0.3089 kloc/p.m
2. Semi-detached
Effort = a ( KLOC )^b person-months
= 3.0 (400)^1.12= 2462.79 P.M
Development time = c ( Effort )^d months
= 2.5 ( 2462.79 ) ^0.35 M
= 38.45 M

Average Staff = Effort /Dev:Time persons


= 2462.79/38.45 persons
= 64.05 persons
Productivity = KLOC/Effort KLOC/P.M
= 400/2462.79 KLOC/P.M
= 0.1624 kloc/p.m
1. Embedded :
Effort = a ( KLOC )^b person-months
= 3.6 (400)^1.20 = 4772 P.M

Development time = c( Effort )^d months

= 2.5(4772 ) ^0.32 M

= 37.5M

Average Staff = Effort /Dev:Time persons

= 4772/37.5 persons

= 127.25 persons

Productivity = KLOC/Effort KLOC/P.M

= 400/4772 KLOC/P.M

= 0.0839 kloc/p.m

2. Intermediate Model:

✓ Extension of basic

✓ Set of 15 additional predictors ( cost drivers )

Cost drivers adjust nominal cost of project to actual


project environment .
15 ost drivers is divided into a fourtypes :
1.Product Attributes :
a) Required software Reliability ( RELY )
b) Database Size ( DATA )
c) Product Complexity ( CPLX )
2.Computer Attributes

a) Execution Time Constraints ( TIME )

b) Main Stroge Constraints ( STOR )

c) Virtual Machine Volatility ( VIRT )

d) Computer Turnaround Time ( TURN )

3.Personal Attributes :
a) Analyst Capability ( ACAP )
b) Application Experience ( AEXP )
c) Programmer Capability ( PCAP )

d) Programming Language Experience ( LEXP )

4.Project Attributes :

a) Moder Programming Practices ( MODP )


b) Use of software Tools ( TOOL )
c) Required Development Schedude ( SCED )
Each Cost drivers is rated for the given project environment :
I. Very low
II. Low
III. Nominal
IV. High
V. Very high
VI. Extra high
Effort Adjustment Factor ( EAF) :
Calculated by multiplying all the values that have been obtained after
categorizing each cost drivers .
Equation for Cocomo :
Effort = ai(KLOC)^bi *EAF
Development Time = ci (Effort)^di

Project ai bi ci di
Organic 3.2 1.05 2.5 0.38
Semidetached 3.0 1.12 2.5 0.35
Enbedded 2.8 1.20 2.5 0.32

Q: A project size of 700 KLOC is to be developed .The Software


development team has average experience on similar types of projects .
The project schedule is medium and the effort adjustment factor is
36.5. Calculate the effort ,development time , and person requirements
for each of the three modes i.e. organic, semidetached and embedded
for the following coefficient :
Organic :
Effort = ai(KLOC)^bi *EAF
= 3.2(700)^1.05*36.5 p.m
= 113447.7 p.m
Development Time = ci (Effort)^di
= 2.5 (113447.7)^0.38 = 638.67 M
Semidetached :
Effort = ai(KLOC)^bi *EAF
= 3.0(700)^1.12*36.5 p.m
= 168237.933 p.m
Development Time = ci (Effort)^di
= 2.5(168237.933)^0.35 = 168.67 M

Embedded :
Effort = ai(KLOC)^bi *EAF
= 2.8(700)^1.20*36.5 p.m
= 265196.96p.m
Development Time = ci (Effort)^di
= 2.5(265196.96)^0.32 = 135.98M

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