Scribd
Upload
28 views

Application of Integration-Lecture - Volume

1) To calculate the volume of a solid of revolution, the disk method slices the solid into thin cylindrical disks. The volume is the sum of the disk volumes, which is πr^2h for each disk. 2) The volume of a solid revolved around the x-axis is calculated by integrating πf(x)^2 from the bounds of the region. The volume revolved around the y-axis integrates πg(y)^2. 3) For a solid between two curves f(x) and g(x) revolved around the x-axis, the volume integrates π[f(x)^2 - g(x)^2] from

Uploaded by

sevenkenny0123
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
28 views

Application of Integration-Lecture - Volume

1) To calculate the volume of a solid of revolution, the disk method slices the solid into thin cylindrical disks. The volume is the sum of the disk volumes, which is πr^2h for each disk. 2) The volume of a solid revolved around the x-axis is calculated by integrating πf(x)^2 from the bounds of the region. The volume revolved around the y-axis integrates πg(y)^2. 3) For a solid between two curves f(x) and g(x) revolved around the x-axis, the volume integrates π[f(x)^2 - g(x)^2] from

Uploaded by

sevenkenny0123
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

(2) To find volume of a solid of revolution

Solid of Revolution

If a region under a curve is rotated 360 (2  radian) about an axis, then the solid
formed is called a solid of revolution

Method of calculating the volume by slicing (disk method)

The concept used to find the volume is the same as finding the area but for volume by
slicing we use the method of calculating the volume of a cylinder, that is

Volume = A  h =  r 2 h

where
A = area of the surface
h = height of cylinder
r = radius of circle

Therefore, the volume of the i th disk with radius f ( xi ) and height of x is

Vi = πf ( xi ) xi
2

Since there are n disks which make up the whole solid, the sum of the volume is

n n

 V =  πf ( x ) x
2
i i i
i =1 i =1

If n →  , then we have

n
V = lim  πf ( xr ) x =   {f ( x)}2 dx
2 b

n → a
r =1

1
Definition: Let’s f be a continuous function on the interval [a, b] and f(x)  0 for all x in
[a,b]. If R is the region bounded by the graph f, x-axis, the lines x = a and x = b, then
the volume, V, obtained by revolving R about the x-axis is

b
V =   {f ( x)}2 dx
a

Note: If R is the region bounded by the graph f, y-axis, the lines y = a and y = b and
rotated about the y-axis, then the volume V, obtained is

b
V =   {f ( y )}2 dy
a

Example 3

(i) Find the volume of the solid obtained when the region bounded by the curve y = x 2 ,
the lines x = 0 and x = 1 is revolved about x–axis.

(ii) Find the volume of the solid of revolution obtained when the region bounded by the
curve y = x 3 , y–axis and the line y = 8 is rotated about the y–axis.

Volume of solid generated by the region between two curves

Let f and g be continuous non-negative functions with f(x)  g(x) on the interval [a, b].

(1) revolving about the x-axis

If R is the region bounded by the curves y = f (x) and y = g (x ) , from x = a and x = b,


then the volume, V, obtained by revolving R about the x-axis is

b b
V =   ( f ( x))2 dx -   ( g ( x))2 dx
a a
b
=   [( f ( x))2 - ( g ( x))2 ] dx
a

2
(2) revolving about the y-axis

If R is the region bounded by the curves x = f ( y ) and x = g ( y ) from y = a and y = b,


then the volume V, obtained by revolving R about the y-axis, is

b b b
V =   ( f ( y ))2 dy -   ( g ( y ))2 dy =   [( f ( y ))2 - ( g ( y ))2 ] dy
a a a

Example 4

(i) The area R is bounded by the curves y = x 2 and y = x . Calculate the volume of the solid
formed when R is revolved about the
(a) x-axis
(b) y-axis

(ii) Calculate the volume of the solid formed when the area bounded by the curve
y = 2x 2 , the line x = 1 and the x-axis is rotated about the y-axis

Volume of solid of revolution about any horizontal or vertical line

Sometimes we need to calculate the volume of a solid obtained when the region is
revolved about any horizontal or vertical line other than x-axis and y-axis. There is no
specific formula that can be used for this purpose. However the concept of finding the
volume is still the same as discussed so far.

Example 5
Find the volume of the solid formed when the area bounded by the lines y = x , x = 1
and the x -axis is rotated about the line x = 2.

Example 6
The area R is bounded by the curves y = x 2 and y = x . Calculate the volume of the solid
formed when R is revolved about the line x = 1.

You might also like