Scribd
Upload
11 views

Lecture 01 (10-01-24)

This document outlines the content of an introductory lecture on electrical sciences. The lecture will cover circuit analysis, semiconductor devices like diodes and transistors, digital electronics, and electromagnetics. It provides an overview of key concepts like electrical current, voltage, Ohm's law, power, resistors, inductors and capacitors. Examples of ideal voltage and current sources are presented. The document concludes with examples of short and open circuits.

Uploaded by

postgeeacc
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
11 views

Lecture 01 (10-01-24)

This document outlines the content of an introductory lecture on electrical sciences. The lecture will cover circuit analysis, semiconductor devices like diodes and transistors, digital electronics, and electromagnetics. It provides an overview of key concepts like electrical current, voltage, Ohm's law, power, resistors, inductors and capacitors. Examples of ideal voltage and current sources are presented. The document concludes with examples of short and open circuits.

Uploaded by

postgeeacc
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 22

Electrical Sciences

(EEE F111)

Lecture No – 1

Dr. Manish Gupta


EEE
The Course Handout

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


The Course Handout

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


The Course Handout

Chamber Consultancy Hour – Every Monday (3 pm – 4 PM)


Chamber No – D 223

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


Broad Contents
➢ Circuit analysis: First and Second Order Circuits

➢ Semiconductor Devices such as Diode, Bipolar Junction


Transistor (BJTs) and Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field
Effect Transistor (MOSFET)

➢ Digital Electronics

➢ Electromagnetics

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


Books

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


Electrical Current
Electrical current is the rate of flow of electrical charge
through a given cross-section in a second. The unit is Ampere
(A), which are equivalent to coulombs per second (C/sec).

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


Types of Electrical Current

(a) Direct current (dc)

(b) Alternating Current (ac)

(c) Exponential Current

(d) Damped Sinusoidal Current

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


Ideal Sources
Voltage Source: It is a circuit element that produces a voltage or
potential difference of v volts across its terminals regardless of
what is connected to it.

“A voltage source places a constraint on the voltage across its


terminals-there is no constraint on the current through a voltage
source”
BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus
Ideal Sources
Current Source: It is a circuit element when connected to anything,
will always move I amperes in the direction indicated by the arrow

“A current source places a constraint on the current through it-there


is no constraint on the voltage across a current source”

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


ac/dc and Voltage
• ac/dc

When a current is constant with time, we say that we have direct


current, abbreviated as dc.

On the other hand, a current that varies with time, reversing


direction periodically, is called alternating current, abbreviated as
ac.

• Voltage

The voltage associated with a circuit element is the energy transferred


per unit of charge that flows through the element. The units of
voltage is volts (V), which are equivalent to joules per coulomb (J/C).

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


Basic Circuit Components

➢ Resistor
A resistor is an element that dissipates energy as heat when current
passes through it.

➢ Inductor
An inductor stores energy by virtue of a current through it

➢ Capacitor
A capacitor stores energy by virtue of a voltage existing across it

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


Ohm’s Law

If R is the resistance offered by the circuit element,

Or

Ohm’s Law can be applied to both ac and dc circuits

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


Ohm’s Law

Current & Voltage Convention Symbolic Representation

I-V Curve
BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus
Resistance Related to Physical
Parameters (ρ)

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


Power (p)
• If one joule of energy is expended in transferring one coulomb of
charge through the device in one second, then the rate of energy
transfer is one watt.

• The absorbed power is proportional to the number of coulombs


transferred per second (current) and to the energy needed to
transfer one coulomb through the element (voltage).

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


Power (p)

Power absorbed by the Power delivered by the


circuit element circuit element

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


Practice Problem

i(t) = ? v(t) = ?

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


Practice Problem

i(t) = ? v(t) = ?

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


Short Circuit
What if R = 0 Ω?

A zero-ohm resistor is equivalent to an ideal voltage source whose


value is zero volts
BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus
Open Circuit
What if R = ∞ Ω?

An infinite ohm resistor is equivalent to an ideal current source


whose value is zero amperes.
BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus
Lecture Ends….

Thank you for your Attention


BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus

You might also like