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Light Class.8 Solution

The document discusses various concepts related to reflection of light, including: - Regular reflection occurs from smooth surfaces and results in parallel reflected rays. Diffused reflection occurs from irregular surfaces and results in non-parallel reflected rays. - Specific examples are given of surfaces that would result in regular or diffused reflection. - The laws of reflection are explained, including that the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection. - Questions are answered about image formation using mirrors, the angles of reflected rays, and safety precautions for working with lasers.

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praty171510
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213 views

Light Class.8 Solution

The document discusses various concepts related to reflection of light, including: - Regular reflection occurs from smooth surfaces and results in parallel reflected rays. Diffused reflection occurs from irregular surfaces and results in non-parallel reflected rays. - Specific examples are given of surfaces that would result in regular or diffused reflection. - The laws of reflection are explained, including that the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection. - Questions are answered about image formation using mirrors, the angles of reflected rays, and safety precautions for working with lasers.

Uploaded by

praty171510
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Question 1:

Suppose you are in a dark room. Can you see objects in the room?
Can you see objects outside the room? Explain.

ANSWER:

If we are in a dark room, then it is not possible for us to see objects in


the room. However, objects outside the room are visible to us.

An object becomes visible when light reaches our eye after being
reflected from the object. If there is no light in the room, then the
objects inside the room cannot reflect any light. Hence, we cannot see
in a dark room. If there is light present outside the room, then we can
see the objects outside the room
Question 2:

Differentiate between regular and diffused reflection. Does diffused


reflection mean the failure of the laws of reflection?

ANSWER:

Regular reflection takes place from a smooth or a regular surface. In


regular reflection, all reflected rays are parallel to each other for
parallel incident rays. Irregular or diffused reflection takes place from
an irregular surface.

In diffused reflection, the reflected rays are not parallel to each other
for parallel incident rays. This happens because of the presence of
irregular microscopic surfaces. Hence, parallel incident rays reflect in
different directions.

However, each ray obeys the laws of reflection. Therefore, laws of


reflections are not violated in diffused or irregular reflections.
Question 3:

Mention against each of the following whether regular or diffused


reflection will take place when a beam of light strikes. Justify your
answer in each case.
(a) Polished wooden table (b) Chalk powder

(c) Cardboard surface (d) Marble floor with water spread over it

(e) Mirror (f) Piece of paper

ANSWER:

(a) Polished wooden table → Regular reflection

A polished surface is an example of a smooth surface. A polished


wooden table has a smooth surface. Hence, reflections from the
polished table will be regular.

(b) Chalk powder → Diffused reflection

Chalk power spread on a surface is an example of an irregular


surface. It is not smooth. Therefore, diffused reflection will take place
from chalk powder.

(c) Cardboard surface → Diffused reflection

Cardboard surface is also an example of an irregular surface. Hence,


diffused reflection will take place from a cardboard surface.

(d) Marble floor with water spread over it → Regular reflection

Marble floor with water spread over it is an example of a regular


surface. This is because water makes the marble surface smooth.
Hence, regular reflection will take place from this surface.

(e) Mirror → Regular reflection

Mirror has a smooth surface. Therefore, it will give a regular


reflection.

(f) Piece of paper → Diffused reflection

Although a piece of paper may look smooth, but it has many


irregularities on its surface. Due to this reason, it will give a diffused
reflection.
Question 4:
State the laws of reflection.

ANSWER:

Laws of reflection:

(i) The angle of reflection is always equal to the angle of iincidence.

(ii) The incident ray, the reflected ray and the normal to the reflective
surface at the point of incidence all lie in the same plane.
Question 11:

Gurmit wanted to perform Activity 16.8 using a laser torch. Her


teacher advised her not to do so. Can you explain the basis of the
teacher’s advice?

ANSWER:

Laser light is harmful for the human eyes, because its intensity is very
high. It can cause damage to the retina and lead to blindness. Hence,
it is advisable not to look at a laser beam directly.
Question 12:

Explain how you can take care of your eyes.

ANSWER:

To protect our eyes, the given points should be taken into account:

(i) Visit an eye specialist regularly.

(ii) Avoid reading in dim light and very bright light.

(iii) Avoid direct exposure of sunlight to the eye.

(iv) Clean your eyes with cold water quickly if dust particles or small
insects enter your eye. Do not rub your eyes.

(v) Maintain a distance of at least 25 cm between the book and your


eyes while reading.
Page No 213:

Question 13:

What is the angle of incidence of a ray if the reflected ray is at an


angle of 90° to the incident ray?

ANSWER:

If the reflected ray is at an angle of 90° to the incident ray, then the
angle of incidence is 45 °. According to the law of reflection, the angle
of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection. Therefore, the angle of

incidence and the angle of reflection both are = 45°.


Question 14:

How many images of a candle will be formed if it is placed between


two parallel plane mirrors separated by 40 cm?

ANSWER:

Infinite or multiple images of the candle will be formed because of


multiple reflections between the mirrors. When two mirrors are placed
parallel to each other, then infinite numbers of images are formed.
Question 15:

Two mirrors meet at right angles. A ray of light is incident on one at


an angle of 30° as shown in Fig. 16.19. Draw the reflected ray from the
second mirror.

ANSWER:
The first law of reflection is used to obtain the path of reflected light.

It can be observed that the given ray of light will reflect from the
second mirror at an angle 60°.

Question 16:

Boojho stands at A just on the side of a plane mirror as shown in Fig.


16.20. Can he see himself in the mirror? Also can he see the image of
objects situated at P, Q and R?

ANSWER:

A plane mirror forms a virtual image behind the mirror. The image is
as far behind the mirror as the object is in front of it. A cannot see his
image because the length of the mirror is too short on his side.
However, he can see the objects placed at points P and Q, but cannot
see the object placed at point R (as shown in the given figure).
Question 17:

(a) Find out the position of the image of an object situated at A in the
plane mirror (Fig. 16.21).

(b) Can Paheli at B see this image?

(c) Can Boojho at C see this image?

(d) When Paheli moves from B to C, where does the image of A move?

ANSWER:

(a) Image of the object placed at A is formed behind the mirror. The
distance of the image from the mirror is equal to the distance of A
from the mirror. Image of A is shown in the given figure.
(b) Yes. Paheli at B can see this image.

(c) Yes. Boojho at C can see this image.

(d) Image of the object at A will not move. It will remain at the same
position when Paheli moves from B to C.

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