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Class 6 Geo Notes

This document defines key geographic terms like globe, equator, axis, and parallels of latitude and meridians of longitude. It then answers questions about the shape of the Earth, time zones, heat distribution, and distinguishing features of latitudes and longitudes. Specifically, it notes that the Earth bulges in the middle, the Torrid Zone receives the most heat, India uses 82030'E as its standard meridian, and the five major parallels of latitude are the Equator and Tropic of Cancer and Capricorn in the north and south, along with the Arctic and Antarctic Circles.

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107 views

Class 6 Geo Notes

This document defines key geographic terms like globe, equator, axis, and parallels of latitude and meridians of longitude. It then answers questions about the shape of the Earth, time zones, heat distribution, and distinguishing features of latitudes and longitudes. Specifically, it notes that the Earth bulges in the middle, the Torrid Zone receives the most heat, India uses 82030'E as its standard meridian, and the five major parallels of latitude are the Equator and Tropic of Cancer and Capricorn in the north and south, along with the Arctic and Antarctic Circles.

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sannithareddyg
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© © All Rights Reserved
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CH 2.

LATITUDES AND LONGITUDES

I. Define the following:

1. Globe: Globe is the true model [miniature form] of the earth.

2. Equator: An imaginary line running on the globe divides it into two equal
parts , which is called as the Equator.
3. Axis: An imaginary line passing through the center of the earth joining the
two poles.

II. Answer the following:


Q1. What is the true shape of the earth?
Ans. Earth is not a sphere. It is slightly flattened at the North and South Poles
and bulge in the middle.
Q2. Why is it 5.30PM in India and 12 noon in London?
Ans. India is located East of Greenwich at 82⁰ 30ᶦ E is 5 hours and 30 minutes
ahead of GMT. So, it will be 5. 30 PM in India and 12 noon in London.
Q3. Why does the Torrid Zone receive maximum amount of heat?
Ans. The mid-day sun is exactly overhead at least once a year on all latitudes
in between the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn. This area,
therefore receives the maximum heat and is called the Torrid Zone.
Q4. Which Longitude is treated Standard Meridian in India?
Ans. In India the Longitude of 80⁰.50⁰E [ 82⁰30ᶦE] is treated as the Standard
meridian. The local time at this meridian is taken as a Standard Time for the whole
country. It is known as the Indian Standard Time.[IST]
Q5. What are Parallels of Latitudes? What are the 5 major Parallels of
Latitudes
Ans. Parallels of latitude: All parallel circles from the Equator up to the poles are
called Parallels of latitudes. Latitudes are measured in degrees.
Five major parallels of latitude are:
1. The Equator [0⁰]
2. Tropic of Cancer[23.5⁰N] in the Northern Hemisphere.
3. Tropic of Capricorn [23.5⁰S] in the Southern Hemisphere.
4. Arctic Circle [ 66.5⁰N]
5. Antarctic Circle.[ 66.5⁰S].
Q6. What are Meridians of Longitude? How are they useful ?
Ans
a. Meridians of Longitude are drawn from the North Pole to the South Pole and
are at right angles to the equator.
b. The distance between them is measured
in 'degrees of Longitude'
c. Each degree is further divided into minutes and minutes into seconds.
d. They are Semi- circles and the distance between them decreases steadily pole
wards until it becomes zero at the poles, where all the meridians meet.
e. They are also used to locate the places on the earth and to calculate time.
Q7. Write a note on Frigid zones.
Ans. a. Areas lying in between the Arctic Circle and the North Pole in the
Northern Hemisphere and the Antarctic Circle and the South Pole in the
Southern Hemisphere are very cold.
b. It is because here the sun does not raise much above the horizon.
c. Therefore, its rays are very slanting and give less heat. These are therefore
called Frigid Zones. [ very cold]
Q8. Write a short note on temperate zones.
Ans. a. The angle of the sun’s rays goes on decreasing towards the poles.
b. As such, the areas lying between the Tropic of Cancer and the Arctic circle in
the Northern Hemisphere, and the Tropic of Capricorn and the Antarctic Circle in
the Southern Hemisphere have moderate temperatures.
c. These are, therefore called Temperate zones.

Q9. Differentiate between Meridians of Longitude and the Parallels of Latitude.

Meridians of longitude Parallels of latitude


1. Meridians of Longitudes are drawn 1. All parallels circles from the equator
from the North Pole to the South Pole up to the poles are called Parallels of
and are at the right angles to the Latitude.
equator.
2. All Meridians are of equal length. 2. All parallels are not of equal length.
3. There are 360 Longitudes. 3. There are 180 latitudes excluding
equator

ACTIVITY
1. Draw the latitudes and important latitudes neatly.
2. Draw heat zones of the earth and color them.

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