Vasundhara Technologies VT8051-2.

2
Features:

• ATMEL AT89S52 device.

• 8051 based Full Static CMOS controller with Three-Level Program
• Memory Lock, 32 I/O lines, 3 Timers/Counters, 8 Interrupts Sources,
• Watchdog Timer, 2 DPTRs, 8K Flash Memory, 256 Bytes On-chip RAM
• Interfacing of 8 bit ADC (AD0804) by connecting a variable voltage supply to the i/p of ADC
and by reading the 8 bit output of ADC and display it on 16X2 LCD.
• 8 digit SMD LED interface.
• Interface DAC to generate different waveforms (like sine, square, triangular and ramp).
• Hex keypad / calculator interface.
• Interface stepper motor and control its speed and direction.
• Interface push button switch & 4 digit seven segment display, count the number (from 0 to
9999) of times the switch is pressed and display it on seven segment display.
• Interface 16x2 LCD modules.
• DC motor interface.
• Buzzer/Speaker interface for tone generation.
• USB Flash Programmer.
• RS 232 DB9 serial port.
• RTC (PCF8563) interface.
• EEPROM (24C04) interface.
• 12V/5V DC power supply through power adaptor.

General description

VT8051-2.2 provides a hardware platform for developing embedded system using ATMEL
AT89S52 device.

These features make VT8051-2.2 board ideal for instrumentation, communication and other
demanding application areas where flexibility and in-circuit hardware upgradeability is of
paramount important.

VT8051-2.2 board comes with complete drivers for windows98/Me/2000/XP/2007. 8051 code
examples and windows DLL interface which can be used to interface it to most common
programming language.

As it comes with complete with all Keil development software required and example code. it is
also ideal as classroom training too for colleges and universities as well as engineers wanting to
learn more about hardware development using 8051.

VT8051-2.2 board consists of the following.

• VT8051-2.2 board fitted in soft wooden box.

• 12v Dc power adaptor for Relay and stepper motor operation
• USB cable for HEX file downloading and 5V dc power for VT8051-2.2 board.
• Stepper motor.
• DC motor.
• Technical/operational Manual with hardware schematics and sample programs.
• Software CD.

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Block Diagram of VT 8051-2.2 Microcontroller kit

Buzzer LCD Display

Key Switch 7 segment Display

Relay
DIP Switch
Atmel 89S52

Micro controller Chip Stepper Motor,

EEPROM
DC Motor

Flash Programmer ADC

RS-232 Serial Port DAC

ATMEL AT 89S52 Device.

U9 is an ATMEL AT 89S52 Device in a 40 DIP package

Table1. ATMEL AT89S52 device features

8051 based Full Static CMOS controller with
Three-Level Program
Memory Lock, 32 I/O lines, 3 Timers
Counters, 8 Interrupts Sources,
Watchdog Timer, 2 DPTRs

8K Flash Memory, 256 Bytes On-chip RAM

Serial Port Connector connection details:

J10 is a standard DB9 serial connector. This connector is typically used for communication with host
computer using a standard 9-pin serial cable connected to a Com port. Level shifting buffer U8 (MAX232)
is used between computer and 89S52 device.VT8051-2.2 uses only the signals it needs, such as RXD
and TXD. Fig (2 ) shows the pin connection between the serial connector and 89s52 device.
Table (2) shows DB9 connector pin

Fig(2 )

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Table (2) DB9 connector pin Table.

DB9(J10)
1 2(TXD) 3(RXD) 4 5 6 7 8 9
Connector Pin
89S52 Pin No - 10 11 1 GND - - - -
89S52 Port No - P3.0 P3.1 - - - - - -

Expansion Prototype connector

The power and I/O pins of the 89S52 device are brought out onto 26 pin Box header (J11).This
can be used for external special daughter board card interfaces. Fig (3) and table (3) shows
connections from Expansion connector.

Fig (3) Expansion connector.

J11
Table (3) Expansion connector pin Table.

Expansion 89S52 89S52

Prototype Pin No Port No
connector
J11 Pins
1 1 P1.0
2 2 P1.1
3 3 P1.2
4 4 P1.3
5 5 P1.4
6 6 P1.5
7 7 P1.6
8 8 P1.7
9 21 p2.0
10 22 P2.1
11 23 P2.2
12 24 P2.3
13 25 P2.4
14 26 P2.5
15 27 P2.6
16 28 P2.7
17 10 P3.0
18 11 P3.1
19 12 P3.2
20 13 P3.3
21 14 P3.4
22 15 P3.5
23 16 P3.6
24 17 P3.7

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25 - VCC
26 - GND

RTC Pin Configuration

The Real Time Clock (RTC) is a set of counters for measuring time when system power is on,
and optionally when it is off

U11 is a RTC(PCF8963) device connected to AT89S52 Device and can be used for Real time
clock applications. On the 89S52, the RTC can be clocked by a separate 32.768 KHz oscillator.
Also, the RTC is powered by its own power supply pin, Vdd, which can be connected to a
battery or to the same 5 V supply used by the rest of the device.

Features.

• Measures the passage of time to maintain a calendar and clock.

• Ultra Low Power design to support battery powered systems.
• Provides Seconds, Minutes, Hours, Day of Month, Month, Year, Day of Week, and Day of
Year.
• Dedicated 32 kHz oscillator.
• Dedicated power supply pin can be connected to a battery or to the main 5V.

NOTE: Switch on DSW14 and switch off all other dip switches.

Table (4 ) RTC pin connection Table.

PCF8563
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Pin no
PCF8563 Pin
X1 X2 INT VSS SDA SCL CLK OUT VDD
Function
89S52 Pin No - - - GND 10 11 - -
89S52 Port No - - - - P3.0 P3.1 - -
EEPROM Device:

U11 is an 2K E2PROM device connected to AT89S52 Device and can be used for external
memory interface applications. Table (5) shows pin configuration.

Table (5) EEPROM Pin connection table.

24C04 24C04 89S52 89S52

Pin no Pin Function Pin No Port No
1 A0 - -
2 A1 - -
3 A2 - -
4 GND - -
5 SDA 10 P3.0
6 SCL 11 P3.1
7 WP - -
8 5V - -

NOTE: Switch on DSW13 and switch off all other dip switches.

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BUZZER & SPEAKER Pin Configuration.

A buzzer or beeper is an audio signaling device, which may be mechanical, electromechanical,

or piezoelectric. Typical uses of buzzers and beepers include alarm devices, timers and
confirmation of user input such as a mouse click or keystroke. LS1 is a small 12mm round
buzzer that operates around the audible 2kHz range. We drove it through Q5 which in turn
connected to P3.0 via DIP switch DSW11.We need to send Logic ‘1’ to generate beep.

A speaker is a device which converts electrical signal to audible signal.J9 is a two pin RMC
where we are connecting external speaker. We drove it through Q5 which in turn connected to
P3.0 via DIP switch DSW11.We need to send Logic ‘1’ to generate Tone.

NOTE: Switch on DSW14 and switch off all other dip switches. Jumper JP2 should be
shorted between 1and 2 for Buzzer and shorted between 2 and 3 for speaker. Table (6)
shows speaker /Buzzer pin connection Table
Table (6) Speaker /Buzzer pin connection Table.

Speaker/ 89S52 Pin No Port No

Buzzer Pin

1 10 P3.0

DC Motor Pin Configuration

DC (direct current) motor rotates continuously. It has two terminals positive and negative.
Connecting DC power supply to these terminals rotates motor in one direction and reversing the
polarity of the power supply reverses the direction of rotation.

The speed of Dc motor can maintained at a constant speed for a given load by using “Pulse
Width Modulation (PWM)” technique. By changing the width of the pulse of applied to dc motor,
the power applied is varied thereby DC motor speed can be increased or decreased. Wider the
pulse Faster is the Speed, Narrower is the Pulse, and Slower is the Speed

U5 is L293 driver IC used to drive the dc motor. It has two enable lines which are used to switch
on the required DC motor. It is connected to P3.0 and P3.1 through Dip switch DSW8.Logic ‘1’
enables the driver and logic ‘0’ disables the driver.P2.0 and P2.1 which are connected through
Dip switch DSW7 are used for Motor 1 direction and speed control.
Table (7) shows pin

NOTE: Switch on DSW7 ,DSW8 and switch off all other dip switches. Connect the DC
Motor at J3

Table (7) DC Motor Pin connection table.

Motor Motor 89S52 89S52

Selection Direction Pin No Port No

Motor-1 Clk P2.0=1 & P2.1=0

21&22
P3.0
Aclk P2.0=0 & P2.1=1

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Motor-2 Clk P2.2=1 & P2.3=0

23 & 24
P3.1 Aclk P2.2=0 & P2.3=1

Stepper Motor Configuration:

A stepper motor is a special type of electric motor that moves in increments, or steps, rather
than turning smoothly as a conventional motor does. Typical increments are 0.9 or 1.8 degrees,
with 400 or 200 increments thus representing a full circle. The speed of the motor is determined
by the time delay between each incremental movement.

U6 is a Driver Buffer (ULN2003) device connected to AT89S52 Device and can be used for
driving Stepper Motor. On the 89S52, P2.0 to P2.3 are used to generate the pulse sequence
required to run the stepper Motor. Also, the Stepper Motor is powered by its own power supply
pin (COM), which is connected to a 12V supply. Table (8) shows connections for stepper Motor.

NOTE: Switch on DSW9 and switch off all other dip switches. Connect the stepper
motor at J5
Table (8) Stepper Motor Pin connection table.

Stepper 89S52 89S52

Motor Coil Pin No Port No
A 21 P2.0

B 22 P2.1

C 23 P2.2

D 24 P2.3

Relay Configurations:

A relay is an electrically operated switch. Many relays use an electromagnet to operate a

switching mechanism mechanically, but other operating principles are also used. Relays are
used where it is necessary to control a circuit by a low-power signal (with complete electrical
isolation between control and controlled circuits), or where several circuits must be controlled by
one signal. The first relays were used in long distance telegraph circuits, repeating the signal
coming in from one circuit and re-transmitting it to another. Relays were used extensively in
telephone exchanges and early computers to perform logical operations.

K1 is an electromagnetic relay which is connected to P3.0 through Dip switch DSW10.We need
to send logic ‘1’ to switch on relay.J6 is three pin PBT terminal used to connect external device
to relay. Table (9) shows connections for Relay.

NOTE: Switch on DSW10 and switch off all other dip switches.

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Table (9) Relay connection table.

Relay coil 89S52 89S52

Pin No Port No
Relay 1 10 P3.0

Relay2 11 P3.1

HEX KEY PAD Pin configurations:

The hex keypad is a peripheral that is organized in rows and Columns. Hex key Pad 16 Keys
arranged in a 4 by 4 grid, labeled with the hexadecimal digits 0 to F. An example of this can been
seen in Figure 1, below. Internally, the structure of the hex keypad is very simple. Wires run in
vertical columns (we call them C0 to C3) and in horizontal rows (called R0 to R3). These 8 wires
are available externally, and will be connected to the lower 8 bits of the port. Each key on the
keypad is essentially a switch that connects a row wire to a column wire. When a key is pressed,
it makes an electrical connection between the row and column. Table (10) shows connections
for HEX KEY Pad matrix.

NOTE: Switch on DSW6 and switch off all other dip switches.

Table (10) HEX KEY Pad matrix table.

ROW/COLOUMNS ROW1 ROW2 ROW3 ROW4 COL1 COL2 COL3 COL4

89S52Pin No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
89S52Port No P1.0 P1.1 P1.2 P1.3 P1.4 P1.5 P1.6 P1.7

USER KEY PAD Pin configurations:

VT8051-2.2 board provides eight individual KEYS connected to 89S52 device through PORT1.
S1 to S6,S11and S16 are connected to general purpose I/O pins on 89s52 device as shown in
table(11). 89S52 device port pin drives to Logic ‘0’ when the corresponding key is pressed. Table
(11) shows connections for USER KEY Pad connection.

Table (11) USER KEY Pad connection table.

USER
DEFINED S1(K1) S2(KY2) S3(KY3) S4(KY4) S5(KY5) S6(KY6) S11(KY7) S16(KY8)
KEYS
89S52 Pin
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
No
89S52
P1.0 P1.1 P1.2 P1.3 P1.4 P1.5 P1.6 P1.7
Port No

DAC Pin configurations:

U11 is a DAC(AD5330) enables the 89S52 to generate a variable analog output. The maximum
DAC output voltage is the VREF (5V) voltage.

Features:

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• 8 bit digital to analog converter

• Resistor string architecture

• Buffered output

• Power-down mode

• Selectable speed vs. power

In 89S52 the digital inputs are converter to analog output voltage at pin 4(DACOUT). The total
voltage provided by the DACOUT pin is function of binary number written on to pins 13(DB0) to
pin 20(DB7) of U2 DAC (AD5330) and Pin 7 WRITE pin, we need to send a high to low pulse for
each conversion. Table (12) shows DAC pin connection Table

NOTE: Switch on DSW4,DSW5 and switch off all other dip switches.Connect the CRO
probe between TP3 and TP4
Table (12) DAC Pin connection table.

DAC Pin DAC Pin 89S52 89S52

No Functions Pin No Port No
1 BUF - -
2 NC - -

3 VREF - -

4 DACOUT - -
5 GND - -

6 CS - -

7 WR 10 P3.0

8 GAIN - -

9 CLR - -

10 LDAC - -
11 PD - -
12 VDD - -
13 DB0(LSB) 28 P2.7
14 DB1 27 P2.6
15 DB2 26 P2.5
16 DB3 25 P2.4
17 DB4 24 P2.3
18 DB5 23 P2.2
19 DB6 22 P2.1
20 DB7(MSB) 21 P2.0

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ADC PIN Configuration:

Analog to digital converters are the most widely used devices for data acquisition. It is very
much essential to convert the physical quantities like pressure, humidity, temperature and
velocity in to digital data for processing with digital computers. First these physical quantities are
converted into analog signals (either voltage or current) with the help of transducers or sensors.
Then these analog signals are converted into digital data using Analog to digital converters
(ADC), so that microcontrollers or processors can read digital data and process them. An ADC
has n-bit resolution where n can be 8,10,12,16 or 24 bits. The higher resolution ADC can
provide a smaller step size, where step size is the smallest change in analog data that an ADC
can convert in to digital data.

U1 is an 8 bit ADC (0804) connected to 89S52 device through Dip switch DSW2 and DSW3.
Table (13) shows the ADC pin connection table.

NOTE: Switch on DSW2,DSW3 and keep 1 on, 2 off in DSW1 .Switch off all other dip
switches. Measure the applied analog voltage between P3 and P4.
Table (13) ADC Pin connection table.

89S52
ADC Pin ADC Pin 89S52
Pin
No Functions Port No
No

1 CS - -

2 RD - -

3 WR 10 P3.0
CLK - -
4
5
INTR 11 P3.1
6 VI+ - -
7 VI- - -
8 AGND - -
9 VREF - -
10 GND - -
11 DB7(MSB) 28 P2.7
12 DB6 27 P2.6
13 DB5 26 P2.5
14 DB4 25 P2.4
15 DB3 24 P2.3
16 DB2 23 P2.2
17 DB1 22 P2.1
18 DB0(LSB) 21 P2.0

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LED Pin Configuration

VT8051-2.2 board provides eight individual SMD led’s connected to 89S52 device through
74HC151driver IC.D3 to D10 are connected to general purpose I/O pins on 89s52 device as
shown in table(14) When 89S52 device drives Logic ‘1’ the corresponding LED turns on.

Table (14) LED Pin connection table.

LED D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 D10
89S52 Pin
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28
No
89S52 Port
P2.0 P2.1 P2.2 P2.3 P2.4 P2.5 P2.6 P2.7
No

SEVEN SEGMENT DIPLAY Pin Configuration:

D11, D12, D13 and D14 are Common Cathode segments connected to 89S52 device so that
each segment is individually controlled by a general purpose I/O pin. When the 89S52 device
drives logic ‘0’ the corresponding segment turns on. See fig(3) and table(15) for more details.

DSP4 DSP3 DSP2 DSP1

fig(3)

Table (15) Seven Segment Pin connection table.

Seven Segment
g f a b p c d e
Data Lines
89S52 Pin No 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32

89S52 Port No P0.0 P0.1 P0.2 P0.3 P0.4 P0.5 P0.6 P0.7

SEVEN SEGMENT Selection Pin Configurations:

As VT8051-2.2 board comes with 4 digit seven segment unit. Displays connected to the
microcontroller usually occupy a large number of valuable I/O pins, which can be a big problem
especially if it is needed to display multi digit numbers. The problem is more than obvious if, for
example, it is needed to display four digit numbers (a simple calculation shows that 32 output
pins are needed in this case). The solution to this problem is called MULTIPLEXING. This is
how an optical illusion based on the same operating principle as a film camera is made. Only
one digit is active at a time, but they change their state so quickly making impression that all

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digits of a number are simultaneously active. Each digit can made active using switching
transistors Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 and these on switched on and off by selection lines which are in
turn connected to 89S52 ports. Table (16) shows the details of seven segment selection lines.

Table(16) Seven Segment Selection table.

Seven Segment Disp1 Disp2 Disp3 Disp4

Selection Lines (DIG 1) (DIG 2) (DIG 3) (DIG 4)
89S52 Pin No 14 15 16 17

89S52 Port No P3.4 P3.5 P3.6 P3.7

Display Encoding:

Digits to Hex
Display Segments
display code

g f a b p c d e
0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 88
1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 EB
2 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 4C
3 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 49
4 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 2B
5 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 19
6 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 18
7 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 CB
8 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 08
9 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 09
A 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0A
B 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 38
C 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 98
D 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 68
E 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1C
F 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1E

16 X 2 LCD Display
An LCD display is specifically manufactured to be used with microcontrollers, which means that
it cannot be activated by standard IC circuits. It is used for displaying different mbessagesC on
a miniature liquid crystal display. It displays all the letters of alphabet, Greek letters,
punctuation marks, mathematical symbols etc. In addition, it is possible to display symbols
made up by the user. Other useful features include automatic message shift (left and right),
cursor appearance, LED backlight etc.

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LCD Pin Configuration

There are pins along one side of a small printed board. These are used for connecting to the
microcontroller. There are in total of 14 pins marked with numbers (16 if it has backlight). Their
function is described in the table (17) below:

Table(17) LCD Pin connection table.

89S52
LCD Pin LCD Pin 89S52
Pin
No Functions Port No
No
1 GND - -
2 VCC - -
3 CONTRAST - -
4 RS 13 P3.3
5 R/W GND GND
6 EN 12 P3.2
7 DAT1 39 P0.0
8 DAT2 38 P0.1
9 DAT3 37 P0.2
10 DAT4 36 P0.3
11 DAT5 35 P0.4
12 DAT6 34 P0.5
13 DAT7 33 P0.6
14 DAT8 32 P0.7
15 VCC - -
16 GND - -

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Create Application using KEIL

This chapter describes the Build Mode of µVision and explains the user interface; outlines the options for
generating and maintaining projects, including output file options, and highlights configuration options for
optimum code quality.

The required steps for creating application programs are listed below:

1. Create Project File explains how to create a µVision4 project file.

2. Select Device describes how tool settings, peripherals, and dialogs are customized.
3. Set Options for Target explains how to specify relevant parameters for your target.
4. Create Source File describes how to add new files to the project.
5. Configure a Target

Configure Micro Controller Target describes how to change the startup-code and how to use the library
retarget file for Micro Controller devices.

Configure Cortex-M Target describes how to change the startup-code and how to use the library retarget
file for Cortex-M devices. In addition, this is a brief explanation of CMSIS.

6. Create File Group explains how to structure the code files for a better overview.
7. Specify Memory Layout describes how to change file and group attributes.
8. Build Project describes the build-options.

Create Project File

µVision4 maintains the files that belong to a project in one project file. It takes only a few steps to create
a new project file with µVision4:

1. Select Project - New Project from the µVision4 menu.

This opens a standard Windows dialog, which prompts you for the new project file name.

2. Create a new folder Test1.

3. Switch to the new folder and type the project name Test. µVision4 automatically adds the
extension .uvproj.
4. Click Save.

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Refer the below images.

Note: It is good practice to use a separate folder for each project.

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Select Device

When you create a new project, µVision4 asks you to select a microcontroller. This step customizes the
µVision4 environment with Pre-Configured options and sets the tool options, Peripherals, and dialogs for
that particular device. The Select Device for Target dialog shows the µVision Device Database.

1. Select the microcontroller you use. For this example, choose the Atmel→AT89S52.

2. Click OK.

3. Click YES to add the Startup-Code, Which is provided for most devices. The startup-code
Provides Configuration settings for the selected device.

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Note: On some devices, additional parameters must be entered manually. Read carefully the
information provided under Description of the Select Device dialog. It might have additional
instructions for the device configuration.

Right Click on the Target Folder Select the “Options for Target ‘Target1’… ”

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Set Options for Target

Set target parameters in the dialog Options for Target - Target.

Set the Target→Xtal frequency to 12.0MHz, Click on Output Tab selecting the Create HEXFile Check
Box Options.

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The following options can be set:

Item Description
Xtal (MHz) Specifies the XTAL frequency of the device; XTAL is used to configure the
debugger and Flash programmer. XTAL reflects the main oscillator connected
externally to the device.
Operating system Choose the operating system. For example, the RTX Kernel adds the correct
RTX library and enables kernel aware debugging.
Code Generation
Use Cross-Module Enables the linker feedback file, which allows further code optimizations.
Optimization
Use MicroLIB Changes the C run-time library-set to generate smallest application code.
MicroLIB is not fully ANSI compatible, but sufficient for most small embedded
applications.
Use Link-Time Code Instructs the compiler to create objects in an intermediate format to perform link-
Generation time code optimization.
Big Endian Defines the method used to access multi-byte data.
Read/Only Memory Areas
ROMx Specify the Read Only Memory areas, typically located in ROM space.
IROMx Internal Read Only Memory, typically configured by the startup-code.
Read/Write Memory Areas
RAMx Specify the ZI and RW areas, typically located in RAM space.
IRAMx Specify the ZI and RW areas, typically configured through the startup-code.
default The check box, in front of each entry, enables the area globally for the
application. Individual modules may be assigned in the Properties dialog to
specific areas.

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off-chip/on-chip Specifies whether this is an internal or external ROM or RAM.

Start Specifies the starting address of the area in HEX format.
Size Specifies how large the area is. Also in HEX format.
NoInit Specifies areas that should be excluded from zero initialization.

For adding files Right click on the project name in the Project Window and click on “Add Files to Group
‘Source Group1’

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Coding can be done in a new window. Click Ctrl+N for new window.

Build the Project and check for errors. Once the code is error free 0 Errors, 0 Warning is displayed in the
Build Output Window.

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Procedure for Installing SISP Flash Programmer Software:

1. Open the SISP Setup Folder and click on the icon shown

2. Click on the setup file to install the driver. Wait for the installation to complete.

3. Click on the Setup Bootstrap.

4. Click on OK button for continuing installation.

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5. Click on the Desktop image as shown in the above figure.

6. Select SISP Group Name, this completes the Setup Process.

SISP Icon will be shown on the desktop screen, If Icon is not created than go for
Programs→SISP, right click on SISP and select Create Shortcut option, This creates an
additional name with the existing icon, drag and drop to the desktop,

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Shortcut image is seen on the desktop screen,

Steps for downloading Hex code to Micro Controller Kit.

1. Insert one end of the USB cable to the USB Port and Other end to kit.

2. Right Click on My Computer option from the desktop and select Manage Option as shown in the
below figure.

3. Click on Manage button and select the Device Manager Option as shown below

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4. Expand Ports option on the right hand side to see the Serial port name of the USB Connected.
For Example : USB Serial Port(COM8)

5. Minimize the window once the Port Name is known and select SISP option from desktop

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6. After selecting the SISP Icon Window as is opened

7. Select the COM Port name which is noticed(COM8) earlier

8. Selection of wrong Port Name will show an Error as shown

9. Select File Option→ Load Hex File

10. On click of Load Hex File will open a window for selecting the Code from the Computer

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For Ex let us Load 7 Segment LED Code, Click on the respective file and Open

11. Once the Hex code is selected, File Loaded window is shown as below.

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12. Click on the Program button for loading.

Chip Verification Success is shown once the code is loaded properly to the Chip. Reset Chip
Button is used for resetting the IC & Reload HEX button is used to reload the same program
which is selected earlier.

Check the Kit for desired Outputs by providing Valid Inputs.

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Example programs

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 Vasundhara Technologies VT8051-2.2

/* Program to read analog value from POT using ADC Crystal freq 11.0592Mz Processor: 89S52
Here we need to vary the ADC-POT(R4) and observe the LED output and reading on LCD.For each
0.02V change in analog voltage one bit digital valve will be generated*/
#include <reg52.h>
#include <intrins.h>
#include "lcd.h"

sbit ASTART = P3^0; // ADC Start Conversion Output

sbit AEOC = P3^1; // ADC End of Conversion Input
#define ADATA P2 // ADC Data Input

unsigned char code logo[] = "A TO D DEMO PROG";

unsigned char code adcv[] = "VOLTAGE = v";

char code msb[] =

{00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,
00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,01,01,01,01,01,01,01,01,01,01,01,01,01,01,01,01,0
1,01,01,01,01,01,01,01,01,01,01,01,01,01,01,01,01,01,01,01,01,01,01,01,01,01,01,01,01,01,01,01,01,01
,02,02,02,02,02,02,02,02,02,02,02,02,02,02,02,02,02,02,02,02,02,02,02,02,02,02,02,02,02,02,02,02,02,
02,02,02,02,02,02,02,02,02,02,02,02,02,02,02,02,02,03,03,03,03,03,03,03,03,03,03,03,03,03,03,03,03,0
3,03,03,03,03,03,03,03,03,03,03,03,03,03,03,03,03,03,03,03,03,03,03,03,03,03,03,03,03,03,03,03,03,03
,04,04,04,04,04,04,04,04,04,04,04,04,04,04,04,04,04,04,04,04,04,04,04,04,04,04,04,04,04,04,04,04,04,
04,04,04,04,04,04,04,04,04,04,04,04,04,04,04,04,04,05,05,05,05,05,05,05,05,05,05,05,05,05,05,05,05,0
5,05,05,05,05,05,05,05,05,05,05,05,05,05,05,05,05,05,05,05,05,05,05,05,05,05,05,05,05,05,05,05,05,05
};

char code lsb[] =

{0x00,0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x10,0x12,0x14,0x16,0x18,0x20,0x22,0x24,0x25,0x27,0x29,0x31,0x33,0x3
5,0x37,0x39,0x41,0x43,0x45,0x47,0x49,0x51,0x53,0x55,0x57,0x59,0x61,0x63,0x65,0x67,0x69,0x71,0x7
3,0x75,0x76,0x78,0x80,0x82,0x84,0x86,0x88,0x90,0x92,0x94,0x96,0x98,0x00,0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x1
0,0x12,0x14,0x16,0x18,0x20,0x22,0x24,0x25,0x27,0x29,0x31,0x33,0x35,0x37,0x39,0x41,0x43,0x45,0x4
7,0x49,0x51,0x53,0x55,0x57,0x59,0x61,0x63,0x65,0x67,0x69,0x71,0x73,0x75,0x76,0x78,0x80,0x82,0x8
4,0x86,0x88,0x90,0x92,0x94,0x96,0x98,0x00,0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x10,0x12,0x14,0x16,0x18,0x20,0x2
2,0x24,0x25,0x27,0x29,0x31,0x33,0x35,0x37,0x39,0x41,0x43,0x45,0x47,0x49,0x51,0x53,0x55,0x57,0x5
9,0x61,0x63,0x65,0x67,0x69,0x71,0x73,0x75,0x76,0x78,0x80,0x82,0x84,0x86,0x88,0x90,0x92,0x94,0x9
6,0x98,0x00,0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x10,0x12,0x14,0x16,0x18,0x20,0x22,0x24,0x25,0x27,0x29,0x31,0x3
3,0x35,0x37,0x39,0x41,0x43,0x45,0x47,0x49,0x51,0x53,0x55,0x57,0x59,0x61,0x63,0x65,0x67,0x69,0x7
1,0x73,0x75,0x76,0x78,0x80,0x82,0x84,0x86,0x88,0x90,0x92,0x94,0x96,0x98,0x00,0x02,0x04,0x06,0x0
8,0x10,0x12,0x14,0x16,0x18,0x20,0x22,0x24,0x25,0x27,0x29,0x31,0x33,0x35,0x37,0x39,0x41,0x43,0x4
5,0x47,0x49,0x51,0x53,0x55,0x57,0x59,0x61,0x63,0x65,0x67,0x69,0x71,0x73,0x75,0x76,0x78,0x80,0x8
2,0x84,0x86,0x88,0x90,0x92,0x94,0x96,0x98,0x00};

/*------------------------------------------------
Read ADC C function
------------------------------------------------*/
unsigned char rdadc()
{
ASTART = 0;
_nop_();
_nop_();

8051 Lab manual Page 29

 Vasundhara Technologies VT8051-2.2
_nop_();
ASTART = 1;
_nop_();
_nop_();
_nop_();

while(AEOC == 1);
return(ADATA);
}
/*------------------------------------------------
MAIN C function
------------------------------------------------*/
void main (void)
{
Unsigned char aval, hi, lo;
Unsigned char txt [2];
LCD_Init ();
LCD_Write16 (logo, FIRST_LINE);
LCD_Write16 (adcv, SECOND_LINE);
IE=0x00;
P3=0x00;
ADATA=0xFF;
ASTART=0;
AEOC=1;

While (1)
{
aval=rdadc ();
hi = msb[aval];
lo = lsb[aval];
WriteLCD (0xCA, CONTROL_REG);
bytetoa(hi,txt);
WriteLCD (txt[0], DATA_REG);
WriteLCD ('.', DATA_REG);
bytetoa (lo,txt);
WriteLCD (txt [1], DATA_REG);
WriteLCD (txt [0], DATA_REG);
DelayS (1);
}
}

8051 Lab manual Page 30

 Vasundhara Technologies VT8051-2.2

/* Program to generate saw tooth wave using DAC Crystal freq 11.0592Mz Processor: 89S52.Down load
hex file and connect CRO probe between TP4 and TP3.You will get saw tooth wave*/

#include <reg52.h>
#include <intrins.h>

#define DAC P2 // DAC Data Output

sbit DWR = P3^0; //DAC Write Pin

void delay(unsigned char tim)

{
unsigned char i,j;
for (j=0;j<tim;j++)
for (i=0; i<10;i++);
}

/*------------------------------------------------
MAIN C function
------------------------------------------------*/
void main (void)
{
unsigned char dval;
IE=0x00;
P3=0X00;
DAC = 0x00;
DWR = 0;
_nop_();
DWR = 1;
dval = 0xFF;
While (1)
{
DAC = dval;
DWR = 0;
_nop_();
DWR = 1;
delay(1); //varying this value will wary the freq of the waveform
dval--;
}
}

8051 Lab manual Page 31

 Vasundhara Technologies VT8051-2.2

/*Program to generate SQUARE wave using DAC Crystal freq 11.0592Mz Processor: 89S52. Down load
hex file and connect CRO probe between TP4 and TP3.You will get square wave */

#include <reg52.h>
#include <intrins.h>

#define DAC P2 // DAC Data Output

sbit DWR = P3^0; //DAC Write Pin

void delay(unsigned char tim)

{
unsigned char i,j;

for (j=0;j<tim;j++)
for (i=0; i<10;i++);
}

/*------------------------------------------------
MAIN C function
------------------------------------------------*/
void main (void)
{

IE=0x00;
DAC = 0x00;
P3=0X00;

DWR=1;

while (1)
{
DAC = 0x00;
DWR = 0;
_nop_();
DWR = 1;
delay(50); //varying this value will wary the freq of the waveform

DAC = 0xFF;
DWR = 0;
_nop_();
DWR = 1;
delay(50); //varying this value will wary the freq of the waveform

}
}

8051 Lab manual Page 32

 Vasundhara Technologies VT8051-2.2
/*Program to generate SQUARE wave using DAC with Variable frequency Crystal freq 11.0592Mz
Processor: 89S52. Down load hex file and connect CRO probe between TP4 and TP3.You will get
square wave. Now press S1for increase in frequency and press S4 for decrease in frequency */
#include <reg52.h>
#include <intrins.h>
#define DAC P2 // DAC Data Output
sbit DWR = P3^0; //DAC Write Pin
sbit INC= P1^0; //Increase Button
sbit DEC= P1^4; //Decrease Button
void delay(unsigned char tim)
{
unsigned char i,j;
for (j=0;j<tim;j++)
for (i=0; i<10;i++);
}
/*----------------------MAIN C function------------------------------------------------*/
void main (void)
{
unsigned char del;
P3=0X00;
DAC = 0x00;
DWR = 0;
_nop_();
DWR = 1;
INC=1; //Port as Input
DEC=1; //Port as Input
while (1)
{
if (INC == 0) //INC key pressed
{
if (del == 0xFF) goto wave;
del++;
goto wave;
}
if (DEC == 0) //INC key pressed
{
if (del == 0x00) goto wave;
del--;
}
wave: DAC = 0x00;
DWR = 0;
_nop_ ();
DWR = 1;
delay (del); //varying this value will wary the freq of the waveform
DAC = 0xFF;
DWR = 0;
_nop_();
DWR = 1;
delay (del); //varying this value will wary the freq of the waveform
}
}

8051 Lab manual Page 33

 Vasundhara Technologies VT8051-2.2
/*Program to generate Sine wave using DAC Crystal freq 11.0592Mz Processor: 89S52 Down load hex
file and connect CRO probe between TP4 and TP3.You will get sine wave */

#include <reg52.h>
#include <intrins.h>

#define DAC P2 // DAC Data Output

sbit DWR = P3^0; //DAC Write Pin

unsigned char code tab[] = { 128,131,134,137,140,144,147,150,153,156,159,162,165,168,171,174,177,

179,182,185,188,191,193,196,199,201,204,206,209,211,213,216,218,220,222,224,226,228,230,232,
234,235,237,239,240,241,243,244,245,246,248,249,250,250,251,252,253,253,254,254,254,255,255,
255,255,255,255,255,254,254,254,253,253,252,251,250,250,249,248,246,245,244,243,241,240,239,
237,235,234,232,230,228,226,224,222,220,218,216,213,211,209,206,204,201,199,196,193,191,188,
185,182,179,177,174,171,168,165,162,159,156,153,150,147,144,140,137,134,131,128,125,122,119,
116,112,109,106,103,100,97,94,91,88,85,82,79,77,74,71,68,65,63,60,57,55,52,50,47,45,43,40,38,36,
34,32,30,28,26,24,22,21,19,17,16,15,13,12,11,10,8,7,6,6,5,4,3,3,2,2,2,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,3,3,4,5,6,6,7,
8,10,11,12,13,15,16,17,19,21,22,24,26,28,30,32,34,36,38,40,43,45,47,50,52,55,57,60,63,65,68,71,74,
77,79,82,85,88,91,94,97,100,103,106,109,112,116,119,122,125
};
void delay(unsigned char tim)
{
unsigned char i,j;
for (j=0;j<tim;j++)
for (i=0; i<10;i++);
}
/*------------------------------------------------
MAIN C function
------------------------------------------------*/
void main (void)
{
unsigned char dval;
P3= 0x00;
DAC = 0x00;
dval = 0x00;
while (1)
{
DAC = tab [dval];
DWR = 0;
_nop_();
DWR = 1;
delay(1); //varying this value will vary the freq of the wave
dval++;
}
}

8051 Lab manual Page 34

 Vasundhara Technologies VT8051-2.2
/*Program to control Stepper Motor Speed and Direction Crystal freq 11.0592Mz Processor: 89S52.
Down load hex file and Press user defined keys S1 S4, S2, S5,S3 and S6 .observe the Stepper motor */

#include <reg52.h>
#include <intrins.h>

sbit START = P1^0;

sbit STOP = P1^4;
sbit CLK = P1^1;
sbit ACLK = P1^5;
sbit INC = P1^2;
sbit DEC = P1^6;
#define MOTOR P2
unsigned char run=1;
unsigned char dir=1;
unsigned char del=10;
/*------------------------------------------------Stepper delay------------------------------------------------*/
void stp_delay(unsigned char del)
{
unsigned int i,j;
for (j = 0;j<del;j++)
for(i = 0;i<1000;i++);
}
/*------------------------------------------------Key functions------------------------------------------------*/
void chk_key(void)
{
if (START == 0) //Start key pressed
{
run = 1;
if (dir == 1)
goto rotate;
}
if (STOP == 0) //Stop key pressed
{
run = 0;
goto rotate;
}
if (CLK == 0) //Clockwise direction key pressed
{
dir = 1;
goto rotate;
}
if (ACLK == 0) //AClockwise direction key pressed
{
dir = 0;
goto rotate;
}
if (INC == 0) //Increase Motor Speed
{
if (del == 1) goto rotate;
del = del - 1;

8051 Lab manual Page 35

 Vasundhara Technologies VT8051-2.2
goto rotate;
}
if (DEC == 0) //Decrease Motor Speed
{
if (del == 100) goto rotate;
del = del + 1;
}
rotate:
_nop_();
}
/*---------------------------------------------MAIN C function------------------------------------------------*/
void main (void)
{
unsigned char stpval=1;
START = 1; // all keys as inputs
STOP = 1;
CLK = 1;
ACLK = 1;
INC = 1;
DEC = 1;
MOTOR = 0x00;
IE=0x00;
P3=0x00;
while (1)
{
chk_key();
if (run == 1)
{
if (dir == 0)
{
if (stpval == 8) //rotate step value bitwise left
stpval = 1;
else
stpval <<= 1;
}
else
{
if (stpval == 1) //rotate step value bitwise right
stpval = 8;
else
stpval >>= 1;
}
MOTOR = stpval;
stp_delay(del);
}
}
}

8051 Lab manual Page 36

 Vasundhara Technologies VT8051-2.2
/*Program to control DC Motor Speed and Direction Crystal freq 11.0592Mz Processor: 89S52 Down
load hex file and Press user defined keys S1 S2, S3, S4,S5,S6,S7 and S8 .observe the DC motor */

#include <reg52.h>
#include <intrins.h>

sbit DIR1 = P2^0;

sbit DIR2 = P2^1;
sbit PWM = P3^0;

sbit AKMIN = P1^0; //Anti Clockwise Minimum speed

sbit AKAVG = P1^1; //Anti Clockwise Average speed
sbit AKMED = P1^2; //Anti Clockwise Medium speed
sbit AKMAX = P1^3; //Anti Clockwise Maximum speed
sbit CKMIN = P1^4; //Clockwise Minimum speed
sbit CKAVG = P1^5; //Clockwise Average speed
sbit CKMED = P1^6; //Clockwise Medium speed
sbit CKMAX = P1^7; //Clockwise Maximum speed

/*------------------------------------------------
MAIN C function
------------------------------------------------*/
void main (void)
{
unsigned char MOTOR;
unsigned char i;
IE = 0x00;
P3 = 0X00;
AKMIN = 1; // All Ports as Inputs
AKAVG = 1;
AKMED = 1;
AKMAX = 1;
CKMIN = 1;
CKAVG = 1;
CKMED = 1;
CKMAX = 1;
MOTOR=0;
DIR1=1; DIR2=1; //Motor stopped
PWM=1;

while (1)
{
if (AKMIN == 0) //Anti Clockwise Minimum speed
{
MOTOR = 10;
DIR1=1; DIR2=0;
goto quit;
}
if (AKAVG == 0) //Anti Clockwise Average speed
{
MOTOR = 50;

8051 Lab manual Page 37

 Vasundhara Technologies VT8051-2.2
DIR1=1; DIR2=0;
goto quit;
}
if (AKMED == 0) //Anti Clockwise Medium speed
{
MOTOR = 100;
DIR1=1; DIR2=0;
goto quit;
}
if (AKMAX == 0) //Anti Clockwise Maximum speed
{
MOTOR = 200;
DIR1=1; DIR2=0;
// LCD_Write16(amax,SECOND_LINE);
goto quit;
}
if (CKMIN == 0) //Clockwise Minimum speed
{
MOTOR = 10;
DIR1=0; DIR2=1;
// LCD_Write16(cmin,SECOND_LINE);
goto quit;
}
if (CKAVG == 0) //Clockwise Average speed
{
MOTOR = 50;
DIR1=0; DIR2=1;
// LCD_Write16(cavg,SECOND_LINE);
goto quit;
}
if (CKMED == 0) //Clockwise Medium speed
{
MOTOR = 100;
DIR1=0; DIR2=1;
// LCD_Write16(cmed,SECOND_LINE);
goto quit;
}
if (CKMAX == 0) //Clockwise Maximum speed
{
MOTOR = 200;
DIR1=0; DIR2=1;
goto quit;
}
quit: PWM=0;
for (i=0;i<MOTOR;i++)
{
_nop_(); _nop_(); _nop_();
}
PWM=1;
}
}

8051 Lab manual Page 38

 Vasundhara Technologies VT8051-2.2
/*Program to display Message on LCD Crystal freq 11.0592Mz Processor: 89S52. Down load hex file
and observe the LCD, Message “Vasundhara technologies” is displayed in two line. */
#include <reg52.h>
#include <intrins.h>
//LCD LINE ADDRESSES
#define FIRST_LINE 0x80
#define SECOND_LINE 0xC0
#define CONTROL_REG 0x00
#define DATA_REG 0x01
#define LCD P0
Sbit LCD_EN = P3^2;
Sbit LCD_RS = P3^3;
unsigned char code logo1[] = " Vasundhara ";
unsigned char code logo2[] = " Technologies ";
void delay10ms() //10 msec
{
unsigned int m,n;
for(n=0;n<4;n++)
for(m=0;m<600;m++);
void delay50ms()
{
unsigned int i;
for(i = 0;i < 5;i++)
delay10ms();
}
////// Write Data to LCD Display Device on a 8-Bit Bus///////
void WriteLCD(unsigned char ldat,unsigned char Reg)
{
unsigned char i;
LCD = ldat; // write value
LCD_RS = Reg; // select data register
LCD_EN = 1; // give operation start signal
for(i = 0;i < 50;i++); // wait
LCD_EN = 0;
for(i = 0;i < 250;i++); // wait
}
/////////////////////////////LCD Initialization///////////////////////////
void LCD_Init()
{
delay50ms();
delay50ms();
delay50ms();
delay50ms();
WriteLCD(0x38,CONTROL_REG);
WriteLCD(0x38,CONTROL_REG);
WriteLCD(0x38,CONTROL_REG);
WriteLCD(0x10,CONTROL_REG);
WriteLCD(0x0C,CONTROL_REG);
WriteLCD(0x06,CONTROL_REG);
WriteLCD(0x01,CONTROL_REG);
}

8051 Lab manual Page 39

 Vasundhara Technologies VT8051-2.2

//////LCD Write for 16 Characters i.e one Line///////////////////

void LCD_Write16(unsigned char *String,unsigned char Linenum)

{
unsigned char i;
WriteLCD(Linenum,CONTROL_REG);
for(i = 0;i<16;i++)
{
WriteLCD(String[i],DATA_REG) ;
}
}

/*------------------------------------------------
MAIN C function
-----------------------------------------------*/

void main (void)

{

IE=0x00;
LCD_Init();

LCD_Write16(logo1,FIRST_LINE);
LCD_Write16(logo2,SECOND_LINE);

while(1);
}

8051 Lab manual Page 40

 Vasundhara Technologies VT8051-2.2
/*Program to Switch on and off a Buzzer Crystal freq 11.0592Mz, Processor: 89S52. Down load hex file
and Press S1 to switch on Buzzer and S4 to switch off the Buzzer*/

#include <reg52.h>
#include <intrins.h>

sbit Buzzer = P3^0; //BUZZER CONTROL Pin

sbit ON = P1^0; //ON KEY
sbit OFF = P1^4; //OFF KEY

/*------------------------------------------------
MAIN C function
------------------------------------------------*/
void main (void)
{
IE = 0x00;
P2 = 0x00;
P3 = 0x00;
ON = 1; //Port as Input
OFF = 1; //Port as Input

while (1)
{

if (ON == 0) //ON key pressed

{
Buzzer=0;
}

if (OFF == 0) //OFF key pressed

{
Buzzer=1;
}

}
}

8051 Lab manual Page 41

 Vasundhara Technologies VT8051-2.2
/*Program to display Count on the 7-Seg Display increment or decrement through keys Crystal freq
11.0592Mz Processor: 89S52. Press S1 to UP Count and S4 for Down count */

#include <reg52.h>
#include <intrins.h>

sbit INC = P1^0; //Increase Button

sbit DEC = P1^4; //Decrease Button
sbit DSP1 = P3^5; //display 1 enable port line
sbit DSP2 = P3^4; //display 2 enable port line
sbit DSP3 = P3^6; //display 3 enable port line
sbit DSP4 = P3^7; //display 4 enable port line

#define DIGDAT P0 //common digit lines

unsigned char code dig[] = { 0x88,0xeb,0x4c,0x49,0x2b,0x19,0x18,0xcb,0x8,0x9,0xa,0x38,0x98,

0x68,0x1c,0x1e };

/*------------------------------------------------
MAIN C function
------------------------------------------------*/
void main (void)
{
unsigned char cnt = 0;
unsigned char qot, rem;
unsigned char j;
unsigned int i;

`//AUXR = 0x01; //disable ALE

INC = 1; //Port as Input
DEC = 1; //Port as Input
DIGDAT = 0x00;

IE=0x00;
P2=0x00;

while(1)
{
if (INC == 0) //INC key pressed
{
if (cnt == 99) goto disp;
cnt++;
goto disp;
}

if (DEC == 0) //DEC key pressed

{
if (cnt == 0x00) goto disp;
cnt--;

8051 Lab manual Page 42

 Vasundhara Technologies VT8051-2.2
}

disp:
qot = cnt / 10;
rem = cnt % 10;

for (i=0; i< 1000; i++) //change to inc/dec sensitivity of key press
{
DIGDAT = dig[qot];
DSP2 = 1;
for (j=0;j<10;j++); //change to inc/dec brightness of display
DSP2 = 0;

DIGDAT = dig[rem];
DSP1 = 1;
for (j=0;j<10;j++); //change to inc/dec brightness of display
DSP1 = 0;

DIGDAT = dig[0];
DSP3 = 1;
for (j=0;j<10;j++); //change to inc/dec brightness of display
DSP3 = 0;

DIGDAT = dig[0];
DSP4 = 1;
for (j=0;j<10;j++); //change to inc/dec brightness of display
DSP4 = 0;
}

}
}

8051 Lab manual Page 43

 Vasundhara Technologies VT8051-2.2
/*Program to demonstrate HEX Keypad Crystal freq 11.0592Mz Processor: 89S52. Switch ON Dip switch
DSW6 .Press S1 to switch on Relay and S4 to switch off the relay */

/////////////////////////////////////////////
// Matrix Keypad Scanning Routine
//
// COL1 COL2 COL3 COL4
// 0 1 2 3 ROW 1
// 4 5 6 7 ROW 2
// 8 9 A B ROW 3
// C D E F ROW 4
//////////////////////////////////////////////

#include <reg52.h>
#include <intrins.h>
#include "lcd.h"

#define ROWPORT P1 //P1.0 - P1.3 are Inputs

Sbit COL1 = P1^4;
Sbit COL2 = P1^5;
Sbit COL3 = P1^6;
Sbit COL4 = P1^7;

unsigned char code logo1[] = "HEX KEY-PAD DEMO";

unsigned char code logo2[] = "KEY PRESSED = N ";

/*------------------------------------------------
MAIN C function
------------------------------------------------*/
void main (void)
{
unsigned char key, i;
unsigned char rval[] = {0xFE,0xFD,0xFB,0xF7,0x0};
unsigned char keyPadMatrix[] =
{

'F','B','7','3',
'E','A','6','2',
'D','9','5','1',
'C','8','4','0'
};
/* we scan the keypad by turning on the row outputs and / reading the columns*/
COL1 = 1;
COL2 = 1;
COL3 = 1;
COL4 = 1;

IE=0x00;
P3=0x00;
LCD_Init();

8051 Lab manual Page 44

 Vasundhara Technologies VT8051-2.2
LCD_Write16(logo1,FIRST_LINE);
LCD_Write16(logo2,SECOND_LINE);

while (1)
{
key = 0;
for( i = 0; i < 4; i++ )
{
// turn on row output
ROWPORT = rval[i];
// read colums - break when key press detected
if( COL1 == 0)
break;
key++;
if( COL2 == 0)
break;
key++;
if( COL3 == 0)
break;
key++;
if( COL4 == 0)
break;
key++;
}
if (key == 0x10)
LCD_Write16(logo2,SECOND_LINE);
else
{
WriteLCD(0xCE,CONTROL_REG);
WriteLCD(keyPadMatrix[key],DATA_REG);
}
}
}

8051 Lab manual Page 45

 Vasundhara Technologies VT8051-2.2
/* Program to Switch on and off a Relay Crystal freq 11.0592Mz,Processor: 89S52 Press S1 to switch on
Relay and S4 to switch off the relay */

#include <reg52.h>
#include <intrins.h>
sbit Relay = P3^0; //Relay control line
sbit ON = P1^0; //ON KEY
sbit OFF = P1^4; //OFF KEY
/*------------------------------------------------
MAIN C function
------------------------------------------------*/
void main (void)
{
IE = 0x00;
P2 = 0x00;
P3 = 0x00;
ON= 1; //Port as Input
OFF = 1; //Port as Input

while (1)
{
if (ON == 0) //ON key pressed
{
Relay=1;
}
if (OFF == 0) //OFF key pressed
{
Relay=0;
}
}
}

8051 Lab manual Page 46