International Journal For Technological Research In Engineering

Volume 3, Issue 2, October-2015 ISSN (Online): 2347 - 4718

DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF CENTRIFUGAL BLOWER USING

COMPOSITE MATERIALS
Y.Devender Goud1, K.Deepak2
1
PG Scholar, 2Professor
Department of MECH, Vardhaman College of Engineering, RangaReddy, Telangana, India.

Abstract: Centrifugal blowers are used in naval

applications and motors. The Contemporary blades in
Centrifugal Blower used in naval applications are made up
of Aluminum or Steel. It is proposed to design a blower
using Computer Aided Design (CAD) software with various
metal alloys and Non-Metallic composite materials, analyze
its strength and deformation using simulation software. In
order to evaluate the effectiveness of Metal Alloys and Non-
Metallic composites. The present work aim is to change the
material and performing the different analysis like Static, Typical Centrifugal blower
Dynamic, Flow Simulation & Cost Analysis to find the best
material to decrease the weight and increase its efficiency
Types of blowers
by using the software SOLID WORKS.
Blowers can achieve much higher pressures than fans and
Key Words: Centrifugal Blower, Computer Aided Design
also produce negative pressures for industrial vacuum
(CAD), Metal Alloys, Non-Metallic Composite Materials,
systems. Main types of blowers ,which are described below.
SOLIDWORKS, Simulation Analysis.
 Centrifugal blower
I. INTRODUCTION  Positive-Displacement Blower
A centrifugal blower is a mechanical device for moving air or Blower efficiency and performance:
other gases. The terms "blower" and "squirrel cage fan" Blower efficiency is the ratio between the power transferred
(because it looks like a hamster wheel) are frequently used as to the airstream and the power delivered by the motor to the
synonyms. Rotating impellers increase the speed of the air Blower. The power of the air flow is the product of the
blowing from other end. They use the kinetic energy of the pressure and the flow, corrected for unit consistency.
rotating blade or impeller to increase the pressure and tends Another term for efficiency that is often used with fans is
to slightly decrease velocity of the air/gas stream which in static efficiency, which uses static pressure instead of total
turn moves them against, dampers and other components pressure in estimating the efficiency. When evaluating fan
which causes the resistance. Centrifugal fans accelerate air performance, it is important to know which efficiency term is
radically, changing the direction (typically by 90°) of the being used. The Blower efficiency depends on the type of
airflow. fan and impeller. As the flow rate increases, the efficiency
increases to certain height (“peak efficiency”) and then
They are quiet, sturdy, capable, and reliable of operating over decreases with further increasing flow rate. The peak
a wide range of critical conditions. Centrifugal blowers are efficiency ranges for different types of centrifugal and axial
constant volume or displacement devices, at a constant fan fans are given
speed, centrifugal blowers will pump a volume of air
constantly irrespective with the constant mass rate. This
means that the air velocity in a system is fixed even though
mass flow rate through the fan is not. Centrifugal fans are
well suited for industrial and traditional purpose. It has a fan
wheel composed of a number of fan blades, or ribs, mounted
around a hub. The hub actuates on an electric driveshaft that
passes through the fan housing. The gas enters from the
entrance of the fan wheel, turns 90° and accelerates due to
centrifugal force as it flows over the curve of fan blades and
exits the fan housing.

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International Journal For Technological Research In Engineering
Volume 3, Issue 2, October-2015 ISSN (Online): 2347 - 4718

objective of present work is to design a Impeller of a

Centrifugal blower with four materials, which are:
 Aluminum Alloy 1060
 Graphite
 Titanium
 E-glass/Epoxy
Efficiency of Various Fans To analyze which material made impeller gives better results
in terms weight, Output pressure, Out-put velocity, Breaking
Centrifugal Blower working principle point, efficiency and cost-friendly. These results can be
Centrifugal force is used as a main principle for the kinetic obtained by performing the following analysis on each
energy produced by the impeller to the air/gas which is used material type.
as a fluent. By this principle the gas enters in to the impeller  Static Analysis.
and thrown off by creating kinetic energy at the exit. As a  Dynamic Analysis.
result, the pressure is measured in terms of kinetic energy  Computational fluid dynamic (CFD)
because of casting and duct which offers system resistance. Analysis.
The gas is then guided to the exit via outlet ducts. The gas  Cost analysis.
pressure in the middle region of the impellers decreases after  Weight Analysis.
it is thrown off. The cycle repeats when the gas from the The modeling of the impeller and the above mentioned
impeller eye rushes and therefore the same volume of gas can analyses will be done by Solidworks software. In addition to
be continuously transferred. that a method to fabricate the Impeller with E-glass/Epoxy is
studied for realization of product.
Velocity triangle:
A diagram called a velocity triangle helps us in determining II. LITERATURE REVIEW
the flow geometry at the entry and exit of a blade. A (Dr). M.L Kulkarni has developed strategy and design
minimum number of data are required to draw a velocity procedure for blower which is expected to bring down the
triangle at a point on blade. Some component of velocity lead time during designing through the Reverse Engineering
varies at different point on the blade due to changes in the approach. The different dimensions & geometry of parts of
direction of flow. Hence an infinite number of velocity the existing blower were found out by obtaining the
triangles are possible for a given blade. In order to describe Cartesian coordinates of various identified points. Thereafter
the flow using only two velocity triangles we define mean the required profile and models were developed using this
values of velocity and their direction. Velocity triangle of any data with the help of CATIA V5 modeler. The Suction
turbo machine has three components as shown. condition and other related data’s such as “inlet & outlet
diameter”, “inlet & outlet vane angles” & “vane width” at
the inlet and outlet were used to calculate specific data’s
such as “Absolute velocity of the jet”, “velocity at the inlet
and outlet”, “whirl velocity at outlet” and “exit angle of jet at
the vane”. The project also covers areas of Geometric
Analysis, Fluid Dynamics and Concept of Curve Generation
THEORITICAL CALCULATION:
Attempts are made to address this issue through considering
the input values as below.
Sl.
Parameters Values
No.
1 θ 40o
2 ф 50o
3 N 1300 rpm
4 b1 53.4 mm
Velocity triangle for forward facing blade
5 b2 58.4 mm
These velocities are related by the triangle law of vector
addition: V= U+Vr 6 r1 16.25 mm
Where U= Blade velocity 7 r2 295 mm
Vr= Relative Velocity 8 R 381 mm
V= Absolute velocity
Scope and objective of present work: 9 Blade curve Parabolic
The Contemporary blades in Centrifugal Blower used in 𝑢1 = 𝑟1 × 𝜔
naval applications are made up of Aluminum or Steel. The 𝑢2 = 𝑟2 × 𝜔

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International Journal For Technological Research In Engineering
Volume 3, Issue 2, October-2015 ISSN (Online): 2347 - 4718

tan θ = v1/u1, v1 = vf1 MODELLING AND SIMULATION:

Q = 2πr1b1v1
Vf2 = Q/2πr2b2
By using the above mentioned equations and input values, the
following values were calculated:

Angular velocity 𝜔 = 136.13 rad/sec

Vane velocity at inlet u1 = 2.212 m/s
Vane velocity at outlet u2 = 29.4 m/s
Velocity of flow at inlet vf1 = v1 =292 m/s
Velocity of flow at outlet vf2 = 26.17 m/s
Discharge Q = 1.592 m/s Static Analysis on impeller of Al Alloy 1060:
Whirl velocity at outlet Vw2= 12.47

ANALYSIS & DATA COLLECTION:

Material properties:

Model with volumetric properties of AA1060

Applying Loads and fixtures

Applying Loads and Fixtures on impeller of AA1060

Meshing:

Mesh information of AA1060

Meshed model of AA 1060

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International Journal For Technological Research In Engineering
Volume 3, Issue 2, October-2015 ISSN (Online): 2347 - 4718

Static stress, Strain and total deformation values Dynamic Stress, Total deformation and Mass participation:

Dynamic stress result table of Al Alloy 1060

Static stress result table of AA1060

Total deformation table of Al Alloy 1060

Strain result of AA 1060

Mass participation (normalized) table of Al Alloy 1060

Flow simulation
Applied Boundary Conditions

Total deformation table of AA1060

Dynamic Analysis
Dynamic Analysis on impeller of Al Alloy 1060:
Applying Loads and fixtures

Inlet Velocity -14m\s

Angular velocity of impeller up to 13000 rpm

Applying Loads and Fixtures on impeller of Al Alloy 1060

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International Journal For Technological Research In Engineering
Volume 3, Issue 2, October-2015 ISSN (Online): 2347 - 4718

Pressure and velocity counters Pressure and velocity flow trajectories:

Pressure flow trajectories

Pressure Counters

Velocity flow trajectories

As we observe the pressure counters, it is shown that the
Velocity Counters pressure is slightly decreased at the outlet due to the peek
Pressure and velocity distribution at blades efficiency reached by the flow rate.

Cost analysis:

III. RESULTS, DISCUSSIONS AND CONCLUSIONS

Static Stress analysis results
Load applied on each material was 1500N
Pressure distribution at Blades

Minimum stress (N/M2) Vs. Material

Velocity distribution at Blades

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International Journal For Technological Research In Engineering
Volume 3, Issue 2, October-2015 ISSN (Online): 2347 - 4718

Maximum stress (N/M2) Vs. Material Deformation (Mm) Vs. Material

Flow Analysis Result

It is observed that the Velocity at out let is decreased
compared to inlet and Pressure increases at the outlet, due to
the peek effect.

Cost Analysis Result:

Deformation (Mm) Vs. Material

Dynamic analysis Results
Load applied on each material was 1500N

Material Cost

Minimum stress (N/M2) Vs. Material

Manufacturing Costs

Maximum stress (N/M2) Vs. Material

Total Costs

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International Journal For Technological Research In Engineering
Volume 3, Issue 2, October-2015 ISSN (Online): 2347 - 4718

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