General Chemistry

Name: Princess Ann I. Malinao GRADE 12 - ROUSSEAU

TEACHER: Maam. Larah Lyn Duarte

ACTIVITY 1. Match Me
1. D 6. I
2. A 7. J
3. K 8. H
4. C 9. G
5. B 10. F

ACTIVITY 2. Learning with Gas

Laws
1. Deep-sea fish die when they're transported from the depths to the surface of the water. The pressure
decreases extremely as they raised up, increasing the volume of gases in their blood and swim bladder.
Essentially, the fish pop.
Boyle’s Law- constant temperature, the volume of a given mass of a gas in inversely proportional to the
pressure.
2. Car tire pressure decreases on a cold day and increases on a hot day. If you put too much air in your tires
when they are cold, they could over-pressurize when they heat up. Similarly, if your tires read the proper
pressure when they are hot, they will be underinflated when it’s cold.
Gay-Lussac’s Law- at constant volume, the pressure of a given mass of a gas is directly proportional to its
absolute temperature.
3. In operating a car, we experience two examples of gas laws in operation. One of these, common to everyone,
is that which makes the car run, the other is, fortunately, a less frequent phenomenon—but it can and does
save lives. This is the operation of an air bag, which, though it is partly related to laws of motion, depends
also on the behaviors explained in a gas law.
Charles’ Law- at constant pressure, the volume of a given mass of a gas is directly proportional to its
absolute temperature.
ACTIVITY 3. Let’s Solved it!

1. A balloon with a volume of 2.0 L is filled with a gas at 3 atmospheres. If the pressure is reduced to 0.5
atmospheres without a change in temperature, what would be the volume of the balloon?
Given: V1= 900.0 mL
T1= 27 oC
T2= 132 oC

Required: V2=?
Solution:
T1 = 27oC + 273
T1 = 300 K
T2 = 132oC + 273
T2 = 405 K
V1T2
T1

(900 mL) (405 K)

300 K

Answer: V2=1215 mL
2. A gas occupies 900.0 mL at a temperature of 27°C room. What is the volume at 132°C?
Given: P1= 3 atm
V1=2.0L
P2=0.5atm

Required: V2=?
Solution:
V1P2
P1
(3atm)(2.0L)
0.5atm
Answer: V2 =12 L

3. An aerosol disinfectant can has a pressure of 5.00 atm at 25 °C. What is the pressure inside the can at a
temperature of 745 °C? This example illustrates why you shouldn’t incinerate aerosol cans
Given:
T1= 25 oC
T2= 745 oC
P1= 5 atm

Required: P2=?
Solution:
T1 = 25oC + 273
T1 = 298 K
T2 = 745oC + 273
T2 = 1018 K
(P1T2)
T1
(5 atm)(1018 K)
298 K

Answer: P2 = 17.1 atm

 REFLECTION
When a scuba diver went take a plunge in deep ocean water, the bubbles exhaled grow larger as
it reaches the surface of the ocean. How does the pressure of the ocean affects the volume
of the gas inside the bubbles? Will the amount of gas inside the bubbles changed? Why?

When a scuba diver is deep underwater and exhales, air bubbles form and rise to the surface of
the water. The number of molecules in the bubbles increases, and the diameter of the bubbles
increases. The bubbles exhaled by a scuba diver grow as the approach the surface of the ocean.
(The pressure exerted by the weight of the water decreases with depth, so the volume of the
bubbles increases as they rise.) Pushing in the plunger of a plugged-up syringe decreases the
volume of air trapped under the plunger.

ACTIVITY 1. IM MISSING

A tank contains 1.85 moles of N2, 2.15 moles of Ne, 6.00 moles of Ar, and 4.00 moles of O2 at a total pressure of
1825.0 mmHg. Complete the table below.

N2 Ne Ar O2 Total
Moles Given 1.85 2. 15 6.00 4.00 14
Mole 𝑋𝑖 = 𝑛𝑖 𝑛r 0.132 0.154 0.429 0.285 1
Fraction
Partial 𝑃𝑖 = 𝑋𝑖𝑃r 240.9 281.1 782.9 520.1 1825.0
pressure mmHg mmHg mmHg mmHg mmHg

ACTIVITY 2. CAN YOU SOLVE

1. A sample of natural gas contains 8.24 moles of methane (𝐶𝐻4), 0.421 mole of ethane (𝐶2𝐻6),
and 0.116 mole of propane (𝐶3𝐻8). If the total pressure of the gases is 1.37 atm, what are the
partial pressures of the gases.
 2. A mixture of a gas in a 300 L container at 273 K with a pressure of 0.75 atm contains 6.7
mol of 𝐻2(𝑔) and 3.3 mol of 𝑂2(𝑔) . What is the partial pressure of each gas?

3. The total pressure of a sample containing N2, O2 and He is 800 torr. The partial pressure of
N2 and O2 is 500 torr and 200 torr respectively. Calculate the partial pressure of He and the
mole fraction of O2

REFLECTION
Why do scuba divers experience “bends” (a decompression sickness)?
Relate your explanation to the principle of Dalton’s Law of Partial
Pressures

Scuba Divers experience bends when a scuba diver

ascends too quickly. Divers breathe compressed air that
contains nitrogen. At higher pressure under water, the
nitrogen gas goes into the body’s tissues.
ACTIVITY 1. FILL ME, IM EMPTY!

IDEAL GAS REAL GAS

No definite volume Definite volume.
Elastic collision of particles Non- elastic collisions between particles.
No intermolecular attraction forces. Intermolecular attraction force
Does not really exist in the environment and is a It really exists in the environment
hypothetical gas.
High pressure Less pressure
Obey all gas laws under all conditions of Obey gas laws only at low pressures and high
temperature and pressure. temperature.

ACTIVITY 2. Oh my Gas! Help me!

1. Which of these gases would behave the least ideally? (O2, N2, and HF)
HF
2. Under which conditions would you expect argon to behave ideally? In 150K, 100 kPa or in 400K,
100 kPa? Explain.
400 k, 100 kPa
3. Keeping pressure (P) and number of moles (n) constant, what happens to the temperature (T)
if the volume (V) doubles?
Volume doubles, therefore temperature must be double, since volume is directly related to 3.
temperature.

ACTIVITY 3. You’re My Ideal Gas!

1. If I have 4.0 moles of a gas at a pressure of 5.6 atm and a volume of 12 liters, what is the
temperature?
 2. Calculate the pressure (in atm) exerted by 1.82 moles of the gas in a steel vessel of volume 5.43
L at 69.5 ℃.

3. A sample of gas has a volume of 3.91 L, a temperature of 305 K, and a pressure of 2.09 atm. How
many moles of gas are present
4.

REFLECTION
The air we breathe is composed of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, water vapor, and
small quantities of other gases. Substances which are not primary components of air and
present in relatively high concentrations pollute the air. In accordance with the World Health
Organization’s guidelines in 2020, the air quality in the Philippines is considered moderately
unsafe. High percentage of air pollutants lead to respiratory and pulmonary problems. As senior
high school student,
1. How can you contribute to reduce the adverse effect of air pollution?

As senior high school student, I could contribute by reducing burning leaves, trash and other
materials. I would Lessen our fireplace and wood stove usage, Conserving our electricity, minimize
public transport riding and walk whenever possible or ride a bike.

2. How are you going to help prevent the spread of CoVid-19?

As a living human, I could discipline myself in not to go travel in unnecessary reasons. I can
stay in my home with a right and clean environment where I always disinfect and clean the
most used things in our house to prevent the spread of pandemic.