Abstract

This paper leverages the Improved Modified Extended Tanh-Function (IMETF) approach to
analytically investigate the stochastic longitudinal wave equation within a magneto-electro-
elastic (MEE) annular bar model. The analysis yields diverse soliton solutions, encompassing
singular, bright, dark, rational wave, Weierstrass elliptic doubly periodic, and exponential forms.
These solutions are visualized through surface plots generated from numerical simulations,
providing valuable insights into their dynamics. Our findings not only extend existing knowledge
but also shed light on the spatiotemporal complexities of solitons in nonlinear dynamic systems.
Furthermore, we anticipate that these results will contribute significantly to the advancement
of the nonlinear scientific community. By comparing our obtained traveling wave solutions with
existing literature, we demonstrate their novelty and substantive contribution to current
research. The success of our approach suggests its potential applicability to address various
nonlinear challenges in different fields, particularly within soliton theory. Notably, the study
utilizes Mathematica software to facilitate exploration and visualization of dynamic solitary
perturb solutions.

Introduction

It is widely recognized that specific solutions to nonlinear partial differential equations

contribute significantly to a deeper comprehension of various phenomena. A substantial portion
of natural events find representation through the application of nonlinear partial differential
equations (NLPDEs), particularly within the realms of science and engineering. Consequently,
our focus revolves around seeking solutions to NLPDEs to provide a scientific rationale for the
diverse occurrences observed in nature, specifically within applied science, engineering,
quantum physics, plasma physics, solid-state physics, plasma waves, fluid mechanics,
electrodynamics, string theory, chemistry, biology, general relativity, astrophysics, biological
science, genetic science, and related fields. [1-20].

In recent years, there have been several studies on soliton solutions for nonlinear partial
differential equations such as the Gerdjikov-Ivanov. equation [21], the Radhakrishnan-Kundu-
Lakshmanan equation [22], the Kundu-Eckhaus equation [23, 24], the Chen-Lee-Liu equation
[25], the nonlinear Schrodinger equation with sextic power law refractive index [26], cubic–
quartic Fokas–Lenells, Schrodinger – Hirota equations [27], (1 + 2) – dimensional Chiral non-
linear Schrodinger ¨ equation [28], the Generalized Dullin-Gottwald-Holm Equation with
Parabolic Law Nonlinearity [29].

The study of Magneto-Electro-Elastic (MEE) structures has found applications across

various engineering fields, particularly in the context of wave propagation within MEE media [30
– 32]. In the pursuit of understanding the dynamics of magneto-electro-elastic (MEE) circular
rods, researchers have extensively investigated the longitudinal wave equation, yielding novel
solutions and shedding light on its intricate nature [33 – 42].

Researchers are actively exploring the complex behavior of waves in magneto-electro-

elastic (MEE) materials, which have potential applications in sensors, actuators, and controllers.
This domain focuses on finding various solutions, particularly solitons, to the nonlinear
longitudinal wave equation (NLWE) governing wave propagation within these materials.

Several studies have employed diverse analytical methods to extract these solutions.
These methods include the dual ( G' /G ,1 /G ) -expansion method [33], modified simple equation
approach, extended auxiliary equation method [34], modified Sardar sub-equation method
(MSSEM) [35], generalized exponential rational function method [36] (GERFM), sub equation
and ( 1/G' ) - expansion methods [37], extended trial equation method (ETEM) [38], and
extended sinh-Gordon equation expansion method [39], The modified exp (−Ω ( ξ ) ) – method
[40], the modified Kudryashov method [41] and the direct algebraic method [42].

These methods have successfully yielded various soliton solutions, categorized as bright,
dark, singular, singular periodic, complex, and combined. Additionally, solutions of hyperbolic,
trigonometric, rational, and exponential types have been obtained. Visualizations like 2D, 3D,
and contour graphs are often used to depict the physical characteristics of these solutions.

The effectiveness of these methods lies in their ability to not only recover previously
known solutions but also discover entirely new ones. This opens doors to a deeper
understanding of the nonlinear dynamical behavior within MEE systems and paves the way for
further exploration of complex wave phenomena.

Lately, one of the powerful techniques to symbolically compute the travelling wave
solutions of a one-dimensional nonlinear Schrodinger is the improved modified extended tanh
function [43–45]. It gives more and a variety of solutions than other methods. This results in a
set of soliton solutions exhibited along with their respective existence conditions.

In this research work, the improved modified extended tanh-function (IMETF) method
has been implemented to extract the soliton solutions of the MEE model. A detailed
mathematical analysis of the procedure has been provided to find new solutions including
bright solitons, singular solitons, singular periodic wave solutions, rational solutions,
exponential solutions, and Jacobi elliptic solutions. Also, 2D and 3D plots have been displayed
for some of the obtained solutions to visualize their nature. The paper is organized as follows:
Section 2 introduces MEE equation, Section 3 describes the IMETF method and how it is used to
find soliton solutions for MEE equation and Section 4 presents the soliton solutions that have
been found. In addition, Section 5 provides 2D and 3D graphs for some of the obtained soliton
solutions while Section 6 concludes the paper.

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