Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
ALTERNATIVE LEARNING SYSTEM
Region VIII ____________
Division of _____________
District ______________

Learning Activity Sheets (LAS)

WEEK
2
LS3 Mathematical & Problem Solving Skills

Name of Learner: ____________________________ Date: _________________

CLC: ______________________________________ Level: ________________

Lesson: Mean, Median, Mode & Range

Learning Competency:
 Illustrates the measures of central tendency (mean, median. mode) of a statistical data.
LS3MP-SP-PSF-JHS-23

In everyday life, we encounter situations that require us to get the average or middle
value of a set of numbers or a given set of data. For instance, you have your grades for your
different subjects in school for a given academic year and you want to know your average
grade. By getting your average grade, you will have a good idea of how well or how poorly
you have done in school. But how will you compute for the average value?

In this module, you will learn how to get the average of a given set of data. This
average is also known in statistics as the mean. You will also learn about other measurements
useful in statistics such as median, mode and range.

After studying this module, you should be able to:

♦ define mean, median, mode, range and other related terms;
♦ describe the differences among mean, median, mode and range;
♦ use mean, median and mode and range to analyze and interpret data to solve problems
in daily life.

1
 Let’s think about this

Direction: Answer the following questions below using the pictures

given.

1. Get the average score of the test scores below.

Answer: ___ ____ ____

2. Which of following children below 3. Which of the following pictures

are in the middle. Circle your answer. below occur frequently. The
boy or the girl. Circle
your answers.

https://www.pinterest.es/pin/418412621602477394/?
amp_client_id=CLIENT_ID(_)&mweb_unauth_id={{default.session
}}&amp_url=https%3A%2F%2Fptop.only.wip.la%3A443%2Fhttps%2Fwww.pinterest.es%2Famp%2Fpin
%2F418412621602477394%2F&from_amp_pin_page=true

https://wsimag.com/entertainment/15508-bringing-back-filipino-games

2
 LS3: Mean, Median, Mode & Range
Name of Learner: ____________________________ Date: _________________
CLC: ______________________________________ Level: ________________

Pre-Test
Direction: Direction: Give what is asked for in each of the following items.

1. The following is a list of scores in a

random survey on the IQs of 20 sixth grade
students.
What is the mean IQ? _____________

2. The following are the monthly salaries of 10 employees

from a small company. Compute for the median salary.
_____________________

3. A bookstore owner in your barangay wanted

to know which of the services of the store is
most popular among the consumers. She
recorded the number of times a service is given
in a week. Here are the data she collected:

What is the modal popular service of the bookstore? ___________________

4. Find the range of each of the following sets of numbers.

3
 Let’s see what you already know

Direction: Find the mean, median, mode and range in each of the sets
of data. Examples are given below.

_____________
4
 Let’s learn

Central Tendency
- in statistics, a central tendency (or measure
of central tendency) is a central or typical
value for a probability distribution. It may
also be called a center or location of the
distribution. Colloquially, measures of
central tendency are often called averages.

3 Types of Central Tendency

Mean
- also known as the arithmetic mean, is the average of a set of
numeric data. This is the number that best represents a group of numbers. The mean
(often called the average) is most likely the measure of central tendency that you are
most familiar with.
To find the mean, we use the following formula:

1. The number of calories that our body needs in order

to provide the energy we need in our everyday
activities. Butter, for example, contains a large
number of calories while nonfat foods contain
few calories.
We need a certain amount of calorie intake
for each day depending on our age and lifestyle.
For an average teen, the required intake is about 2,000
calories. Suppose your daily calorie intake for a week is as
shown below.
5
Determine if it satisfies the required dietary allowance (RDA).

Let’s solve for the mean together.

First, we need to add all the data. The data are the amounts of calories taken for
seven days.

2,300 + 1,900 + 2,100 + 1,800 + 1,600 + 2,700 + 1,600 = 14,000

Next, we divide the sum by the number of given values. In this case, the number is 7.
Therefore, we divide the sum by 7.

The mean daily calorie intake for the given week is 2,000 calories. This meets the
required dietary allowance.

2. Find the mean of 5, 7, 8 and 4

Step 1) Add up the numbers to give a total of 5+7+8+4=24

Step 2) Divide the total by the number of data points. 24 ÷ 4 = 6

Answer: the mean is 6.

3. The following are Simon’s final exam scores in five of his subjects:
Science 88
English 90
Reading 91
Social Studies 85
Home Economics 93
Suppose that Simon needs an average of 90 for his six subjects in order
to be included in the honor roll, what should his grade in mathematics be? _______________

Solution:

6
Median
- is the value that divides a given set of data or distribution into two equal halves
wherein 50% of the values are above it and 50% are below it. The median is the
midpoint (or middle value) of a set of numbers.

- It is found by ordering the set of numbers and then finding the middle value in the set.

To find the mean, we use the following formula:

1. Municipal health officer visited a school to

conduct a survey on the health and physical
conditions of the children in the barangay. First she
did a physical examination and tallied the age,
weight and height of the students. Here is her tally of
the weight (in pounds) of all the 10-year-old kids she
examined:

90 89 77 72 84 100 98 71 75

Step 1) Order the numbers in the set from smallest to largest.

Step 2) Find the middle number.

In locating the middle value, we simply look for the value with an equal number of values
above and below it. In the example, there are nine values and the middle value is 84. There
are 4 values below and also 4 values above it. Therefore, 84 is the middle value. This is
called the median. The median in this case is quite easy to determine because the number of
values N is an odd number.

7
 What if we are given a set of data with an even number of values?

2. Find the median of 23, 27, 16, 31

Step 1) Put the numbers in order: 16, 23, 27, 31

Step 2) There is an even number of values in the set, so the median is the average of the
middle two values.

(23+27) ÷ 2 = 25 Answer: the mean is 25

3. Suppose that you will take a college entrance exam. The exam consists of four parts: math,
science, reading comprehension and English. In order to pass the exam, you need an average
score of 85. If your scores in the four tests are:
Math 88
Science 87
Reading comprehension 85
English 78

What is the median? __________

Step1 Arrange the number. 78,85, 87, 88

Step2 Get the median by average of the middle two values.

(85+87) ÷ 2 = 86 Answer: the mean is 86

Mode
-is the value or category that occurs with the highest frequency in a given set of data. It is the
most common (or the data point that appears most often) in a set of data. It can be found by
putting the data into an ordered list and seeing which data point occurs most often.

1. Find the mode of 3, 6, 4, 3, 2, 4, 7, 8, 6, 3, 9

Step 1) Put the data into an ordered list. This gives us: 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 6, 6, 7, 8, 9
Step 2) Check the number of data points in both lists is the same. Both lists have 11 data
points.
Step 3) The mode is the number which occurs most often.

Answer: the mode is 3.

8
2. Suppose you wanted to buy a pair of rubber shoes that your
son will use in his PE class. You went to a department store
and checked out the available brands. You wanted to know
which brand of rubber shoes is the most saleable so the
saleslady gave you a rundown of the department store’s shoe
sales for the past month.
Here are the data:

The brand of shoes that is most saleable is Mike, with 11 pairs sold in the past month.
Mike is called the mode or modal category of the data.

3. Tina works in a small business company and has a monthly salary of P10,000. The
following are the monthly salaries of her fellow employees.
Anne P15,000
Gilbert P18,000
Diana P10,000
Walter P9,000
Nan P9,000

Can we consider Tina’s salary the modal salary?

Let us present the data in a frequency distribution table to be able to analyze them more
easily. A frequency distribution table simply lists how often or how frequent a value is
recorded.

Only Gilbert has salary of ₱18,000 so we put 1 under the column Frequency.

Likewise, only Anne has a salary of ₱15,000 so the frequency is also 1. Tina and
Diana both earn ₱10,000 a month, hence the frequency is 2. Walter and Nan both earn
₱9,000 a month, hence the frequency of ₱9,000 is also 2.

A set of data that has two values or categories occurring with the highest frequency is
considered bimodal. In the preceding example, the two most frequently occurring values are
adjacent. This means that the mode of the set of data is just the average of these values.

The mode is ₱9,500.

9
4. The following frequency distribution table shows the
scores of 36 students in their test in mathematics.

What is the mode? ____________

32+31= (63÷ 2) = 31.5 mode

Range
- is a measure of variability in a set of data. The range is computed by using the
formula:
- -The range is the gap between the smallest and largest data point. It is found by
putting the data into an ordered list and find the difference between the largest and
smallest amount.

1. The owner of a newspaper stand wanted to make a tally of her sales. She made the
following record of number of newspapers sold daily for 30 days.

10
Just by examining the data, we can more or less predict the average without having to
compute it. But aside from knowing the central value or central tendency, we can also know
the span of the given values or what is known as the range. The range is the most basic
measure of variability. It is the difference between the lowest and the highest values in a
given set of data.

Therefore, the range is 49.

2. Find the range of 14, 21, 9, 32, 27, 15, 12, 30

Step 1) Put the data into an ordered list. This gives us: 9, 12, 14, 15, 21, 27, 30, 32
Step 2) Check the number of data points in both lists is the same. Both lists have 8 data
points.
Step 3) The range is the difference or gap between the largest and smallest numbers.

Answer: 32-9= range is 23.

3. The following are the results of a random survey on the IQs of 20 fifth grade
students. What is the range of their IQs?

140

73

What is the range? 140-73= 67 is the range

The purpose of measures of central tendency is to identify the location of the center of
various distributions. It is very useful to know what is normal or 'average' for a set of data. It
also condenses the data set down to one representative value, which is useful when you are
working with large amounts of data.

11
 Activity 1
Direction: Find the mean, median, mode and range in each of the sets of
data.

12
 Activity 2
Direction: Solve the following problems below using the mean, median, mode and
range. Show your solution.

1. The following is a list of the results of a random survey on the IQs of 20 sixth grade
students. What is the mean IQ?

2. The following are the monthly salaries of 9 employees from a small company.

Find the median wage. ___________

3. A beauty parlor owner in your barangay wants to know which of the services of the parlor
is the most popular among customers. She asked Thelma to record the number of times a
service is given in the parlor in a week. Here are the data Thelma collected.

What is the modal service? _____________

4. The following are the scores of 20 students in a math exam. Find the range of their scores.

13
 Questions:
1. What is central tendency?

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

2. Explain what is mean, median, mode and range?

Mean-

Median-

Mode-

Range-

3. What are the formula and steps in solving for the mean, median, mode and range?
Mean-

Median-

Mode-

Range-

4. Explain why we need to learn how to solve or get the central tendency of a given data?
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

14
 Let’s see what have you learned:

Direction: A. The following are the grades of four students in an aptitude exam composed
of five subjects.

Complete the following table using the given data above.

Mean Median Mode Range
Camille
Ella
Angela
Kate

B. Solve the following problems.

1. Jerbeck got the following final grades.

Science 87
English 88
Reading 90
Social studies 93
Home economics 95
Suppose she needs an average of 90 in her six subjects in order to be included in the honor
roll, what should her grade in math be? ______________

2. Jeff and Marie are studying typing. In six speed tests, Jeff was able to record the following

speeds in number of words per minute:

56 55 63 62 49 62

while Marie had the following speeds:

58 63 71 51 59 64

Compare their median speeds. Who is the faster typist? ___________________

15
3. The following frequency distribution table shows the scores of 35 students
in their math test.

What is the mode? ______________

4. The following are the scores of 20 students in a science exam. Find the range of their
scores.

16
 References:
Ho, Ju Se T., et al. 21st Century Mathematics: Third Year. Quezon City: Phoenix
Publishing House, Inc., 1996.

Lacuesta, Debbie P. Basic Statistical Concepts. Quezon City: SEAMEO

INNOTECH, 1998.

Mathematics III SEDP Series. Quezon City: IMC, 1991.

https://www.math-salamanders.com/mean-median-mode-range.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_tendency

Key answers:
Pre-Test What You Already Know

17
 Activity 1 Activity 2
1. 108
1111111111 2. P3,100
3. haircut
4.34

Let’s See What Have You Learned (Post-Test)

18