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LSM 9 - Pile Foundation P

This document summarizes pile foundation design. It discusses two types of cast in-situ piles according to Indian standards: driven piles formed by driving a casing and then filling with concrete, and bored piles formed by boring a hole and filling with concrete. Pile foundations are used when there is a weak soil layer that cannot support building loads. The document then provides an example problem to design a fixed-head pile based on given load values, soil properties, and code requirements. It shows calculations to check capacity for axial compression and combined tension-bending. Longitudinal and tie reinforcement are designed to satisfy strength and spacing criteria.

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61 views36 pages

LSM 9 - Pile Foundation P

This document summarizes pile foundation design. It discusses two types of cast in-situ piles according to Indian standards: driven piles formed by driving a casing and then filling with concrete, and bored piles formed by boring a hole and filling with concrete. Pile foundations are used when there is a weak soil layer that cannot support building loads. The document then provides an example problem to design a fixed-head pile based on given load values, soil properties, and code requirements. It shows calculations to check capacity for axial compression and combined tension-bending. Longitudinal and tie reinforcement are designed to satisfy strength and spacing criteria.

Uploaded by

balram12122000
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Pile Foundation

Lecture 9
• IS 2911 (Part 1/Sec 1) : 2010 (driven cast in-situ pile)
• IS 2911 (Part 1/Sec 2) : 2010 (bored cast in-situ pile)

• Pile foundations are used in the following situations: When there is a


layer of weak soil at the surface. This layer cannot support the weight
of the building, so the loads of the building have to bypass this layer
and be transferred to the layer of stronger soil or rock that is below
the weak layer.
Driven Cast In-situ Pile — A pile formed
within the ground by driving a casing of uniform
diameter, or a device to provide enlarged base and
subsequently filling the hole with reinforced
concrete. For displacing the subsoil the casing is
driven with a plug or a shoe at the bottom. When
the casing is left permanently in the ground, it is
termed as cased pile and when the casing is taken
out, it is termed as uncased pile. The steel casing
tube is tamped during its extraction to ensure
proper compaction of concrete.
Bored Cast In-situ Pile — A pile
formed by boring a hole in the
ground by percussive or rotary
method with the use of
temporary/permanent casing or
drilling mud and subsequently
filling the hole with reinforced
concrete
• A pile carries maximum vertical load, P=260.82 kN (compression),
T=57.41 kN (Tension), Horizontal force= 14.0675 kN.
• Assuming weak soil, take the depth of fixity as 11D (D=diameter of pile)
• Soil report shows 450 mm dia pile will be suitable from bearing capacity
point of view.
• Assume pile to be fixed headed.
• Design and detail the pile
Fixed headed pile

Depth of fixity
Fixed- Free-
headed headed
H = lateral load, in kN;

zf = depth to point of fixity, in m (=Lf);

e= cantilever length above ground/bed to the


point of load application, in m (=L1).
• In our case, weak soil, depth of fixity,
assuming fixed-headed pile, zf =11xD=11x0.45 m=4.95 m
• M=H(e+ zf)/2=14.0675x4.95/2=34.817 kN-m
• Pile is a long column subjected to i) combined compression and
bending
ii) Combined tension and bensing
• Design for axial compression
Using 16 T bars, effective cover, d/=clear cover + tie +main bar dia/2
=50+8+16/2=66 mm
Effective depth, d= D-d/= 450-66=384 mm
d//D=66/450=0.146 (approx. 0.15)
Pu/fckbd
=Pu/fckD2=260.82x103x1.5
30x4502
=0.0644

Mu/fckbd2
=Mu/fckD3=34.817x106x1.5
30x4503
=0.019
p/fck=near to
zero, i.e. No
reinforcement
required.
But, minimum
longitudinal
steel=0.4% in pile
• For axial tension+moment:
• Since, in SP-16, there is no chart for tension+moment for circular
section, equivalent square section can be defined with size a.
Then, a2= (pi/4)D2
Or, a=sqrt((pi/4)D2)=sqrt(pi/4x4502) =398.8 mm

Tu/fckbd Mu/fckbd2
=Tu/fckD2=57.41x103x1.5 =Mu/fckD3=34.817x106x1.5
30x398.82 30x398.83
=0.018 =0.0274
• p/fck=0.023 (from eye
estimation)
p=0.023x30=0.69
i.e. 0.69% steel

• Area of steel=0.69/100x
pi/4x4502
=1097 mm2

Provide 6-16 T longitudinal


steel
(Area provided= 6x201=1206
mm2)
• Minimum steel=0.4% of gross cross-section=0.4/100xpi/4x4502
= 636 mm2 < 1206 mm2
• Steel provided for minimum requirement: 6-12 T (678 mm2)
• Pitch of the circular/helical tie (assume 8 mm dia)= Min (16x dia of
main bar, D, 300) =Min (16x16, 450,300)=256 mm.
Let us provide helical tie 8 T @ 200 c/c
See NPTEL note for derivation
Now, can you tell how the loads on a pile are
determined?

• Actually, the load is transmitted from pile-cap to pile.


• Let us consider a four-pile cap and see one example.
Note that spacing
is generally
3D=3x450=1350
mm (IS
• Few important things to remember

IS:2911 part 1/section 1 or 2 -2010


Note that spacing
is generally
3D=3x450=1350
mm

Also, projection is
450/2+150=375
mm
That was our problem

Given vertical capacity of pile in compression is 410 kN. Hence, 260.82 kN


< 410 kN. The pile is safe in vertical bearing capacity criterion.
Left
• 1. 3-pile cap design…..2 hrs
• 2. A class test …….2 hrs
• 3. Interaction…..2 hrs
Total 6 hrs

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