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Lab 4

This document summarizes an experiment on measuring the start-up characteristics of a three-phase squirrel cage induction motor connected in both star and delta configurations. The objectives are to record torque-speed and current-speed curves for both connections. The procedure involves connecting the motor to a variable three-phase supply and magnetic brake and recording torque, speed and current as the motor slows from no-load to standstill. Results show that in delta connection the motor draws higher current but produces greater torque compared to star connection. The star-delta starting method uses this to provide smooth starting with low current and torque initially before switching to delta.

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Ayman Al-tairy
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30 views

Lab 4

This document summarizes an experiment on measuring the start-up characteristics of a three-phase squirrel cage induction motor connected in both star and delta configurations. The objectives are to record torque-speed and current-speed curves for both connections. The procedure involves connecting the motor to a variable three-phase supply and magnetic brake and recording torque, speed and current as the motor slows from no-load to standstill. Results show that in delta connection the motor draws higher current but produces greater torque compared to star connection. The star-delta starting method uses this to provide smooth starting with low current and torque initially before switching to delta.

Uploaded by

Ayman Al-tairy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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REPUBLIC OF YEMEN

‫ذ‬
SANA'A UNIVERSITY
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
MECHATRONICS ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT

EXPERMENT NO.4
START-UP CHARACTERSTICS OF A THREE
PHASE SQUIRREL CAGE INDUCTION
MOTOR FOR STAR AND DELTA
CONFIGURATIONS

Prepared by:
Amr Tarek Saif Al-Hammadi

(202174119)

Group 2

System (Parallel)

Supervised by:
Eng: Mojeb Al-Hazmmi
EXPERMENT NO.4
START-UP CHARACTERSTICS OF A THREE PHASE
SQUIRREL CAGE INDUCTION MOTOR FOR STAR AND
DELTA CONNECTION

Experiment Objectives:
• To record the start-up characteristics of a three-phase squirrel cage
induction motor in Y and Δ connection.

• To plot the torque-speed characteristics curve of the motor in star and delta
connection.

• To plot the starting current-speed characteristics curve of the motor in star


and delta connection.

Equipment List:
• Variable three-phase supply (400V/50Hz).
• Three phase squirrel cage induction motor.
• Star-delta switch.
• Magnetic brake unit.
• Control unit.
• Tacho generator (electrical or handheld type).
• Coupling.
• Voltmeter.
• Ammeter.
• Set of connection cables.
Experiment Procedure:
1. Refer to the machine name plate and fill out the relevant information in
table. I below.
2. Make absolutely sure that the power supply is turned off, then establish the
connections according to the connection diagram shown below (fig. 1.1).

3. Set the control unit as follows:


4. Before starting make sure that the motor is unloaded (the torque is about 0
Nm).
5. Switch the Y/ Δ switch to Y position (connect the motor in Y connection).
6. Switch on the three-phase power supply, and adjust the applied voltage to
the nominal value of the motor (rated voltage for Δ connection).
7. Now, make the speed of the motor decrease by step from no-load speed to
standstill (0 rpm), recording at catch step in Table 4.2 the motor speed,
torque, and line current.
8. When all data has been recorded, Let the motor operate at no load for some
second to cool it. Then switch off the power supply.
9. Now, Switch the Y/ Δ switch from Y to Δ position and repeat steps 6.7.8.
Put the recorded data in table 4.3.
Y connection results
Nm(rpm) 1470 1300 1100 800 600 400 Stand
still
T (N.m) 0 0.23 0.29 0.22 0.18 0.14 0.14
I1(A) 0.095 0.27 0.39 0.46 0.49 0.5 0.53

Δ connection results
Nm(rpm) 1490 1300 1100 800 600 400 Stand
still
T (N.m) 0 0.9 1.2 0.85 0.8 0.7 0.55
I1(A) 0.155 0.43 0.67 0.82 0.86 0.9 0.95

10.On the same graph, you will plot the torque versus speed characteristics
curve T=f(n_{m}) when the motor is connected in Y, as well as when the
motor is connected in Δ, and interpret the results
11. Finally, plot on the same graph the line current versus speed
characteristics curve I1{2} =f(nm) when the motor is connected in Y, as well
as when the motor is connected in Δ, and interpret the results.

Discussion
1. Compare the current consumption and induced torque of a three-phase
induction motor in star connection with those of the delta connection?
Ans/ In a Y-connection, the total current drawn is less than that in a Δ-
connection because in Y-connection, the line current equals the phase current
(IL=Iφ), whereas in a Δ-connection, the total current is √3 times the phase
current (It= √3Iφ).
Additionally, in a Δ-connection, the generated torque is greater compared to a
Y-connection because the voltage across each winding (Vφ=VL) is higher than
in a Y-connection (Vφ=VL/√3).

2. When the star/delta starting method is used? Describe the function of this
method.
During instances of low starting current, low starting torque, or when the motor
is operating under no-load conditions.
The Y/Δ connection method serves to ensure a smooth start for the motor,
accomplishing this by reducing the current and torque during the initial period.
This approach helps in protecting the motor while also maintaining the stability
of the power grid.

2. Why should the switching from star to delta connection be made after the
pull-out torque has been exceeded?
By transitioning from Y to Δ connection once the pull-out torque threshold has
been surpassed, the motor can effectively operate and provide the necessary
torque for the load. This switch helps to optimize efficiency while minimizing
the strain on both the power supply and mechanical components.

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