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Intro To ANAGEOM

The document discusses the rectangular coordinate system and how to represent points in the plane using an x- and y-axis. It introduces concepts like quadrants, ordered pairs, distance between points using the distance formula, midpoints of line segments, and dividing a line segment into a given ratio. Examples are provided to calculate distances, midpoints, and points that divide a line segment into equal parts using their coordinates.

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Reymund Gonowon
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27 views

Intro To ANAGEOM

The document discusses the rectangular coordinate system and how to represent points in the plane using an x- and y-axis. It introduces concepts like quadrants, ordered pairs, distance between points using the distance formula, midpoints of line segments, and dividing a line segment into a given ratio. Examples are provided to calculate distances, midpoints, and points that divide a line segment into equal parts using their coordinates.

Uploaded by

Reymund Gonowon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ANALYTIC

GEOMETRY
Pre Calculus
The Rectangular Coordinate System
■ The Cartesian plane is formed by
using two real number lines
intersecting at right angles.
■ - The horizontal axis is called
the x-axis and the vertical axis is
called they-axis.
■ - The axes intersect at the point
called the origin.
■ - The axes divide the coordinate
plane into four quadrants.
■ - A point on the plane can be
described by its x and y
coordinates. The x value is the
abscissa and the y value is the
ordinate. These coordinates are
written as an ordered pair in the
form (x, y).
The Rectangular Coordinate System
Name the point that has the
coordinates.
a. (2, 2) b(-6, 2) c.(1,-4)

Write the coordinates of each


point.
a. B b. G c. E

In what quadrant is each point


located?
a. C b. J c. L
The Distance Between Two Points

■ The length of the vertical side of the triangle is 𝑦2 − 𝑦1 , and


the length of the horizontal side is 𝑥2 − 𝑥1 . By the
Pythagorean Theorem, we have
■ 𝑥2 − 𝑥1 2 + 𝑦2 − 𝑦1 2 as the distance between two points
The Distance Between Two Points
1. Determine the distance of the pair of points indicated below.
a. (-4, 2) and (0,5) b. (-6, 2) and (-1, -10)

2. Refer to the list of coordinates below and determine the length of the
line segments they make.
A. (-4, 2) B.(0,5) C.(0, -2) D.(-3, -10)
𝐴𝐶 𝐵𝐷 𝐴𝐷

3. Plot the points to visualize the geometric shape and determine the
measure referring to the polygon.
a) Rectangle with vertices (0, 0), (4, -3), (0, -3), and (4, 0).
Perimeter = ? Area = ?

b) Triangle with vertices (-2, 2), (3, 2), and (0, 5).
Perimeter = ? Area = ?
The Distance Between Two Points
1. Using the distance formula, how do we show that three points
are collinear? Which set of three coordinates from (0, 0), (-2,
8), (3, 2), (1, -4), and (-9, 6) are collinear?

2. The coordinates (2, 6) and (7, -2) are both equidistant from (-
3, y). In which quadrant(s) is (-3, y) located? What is/are the
value(s) of y?
Division of Line Segments
■ Let P (x, y) be any point on the line segment 𝐴𝐵. If P divides
𝐴𝑃
𝐴𝐵 into a specific ratio r, or r = 𝐴𝐵, then the coordinates of x
and y are given by
𝑥 = 𝑥1 + 𝑟 𝑥2 − 𝑥1 and 𝑦 = 𝑦1 + 𝑟 𝑦2 − 𝑦1

■ The Midpoint
Suppose you want to determine the midpoint of a line
segment whose endpoints are 𝑥1 , 𝑦1 and 𝑥2 , 𝑦2 in the
plane. The coordinates of the midpoint is given by
𝑥1 + 𝑥2 𝑦1 + 𝑦2
,
2 2
Division of Line Segments
1. Refer to the list of coordinates below and determine the
midpoint of the line segments they make.
A. (-4, 2) B.(0,5) C.(0, -2) D.(-3, -10)
𝐴𝐶 𝐵𝐷 𝐴𝐷

2. Point M is the midpoint of . Determine the coordinate of either


A or B, given the coordinate of M.
1) A(0, 0) and M(4, 0)

2) A(-2, 2) and M(0, 5)

3) M(2, -5) and A(-2, 5)


Division of Line Segments
1. The endpoints of 𝐴𝐵 are A(-7, 4) and B(6, -4) . Locate the
coordinates that would divide 𝐴𝐵 into three equal parts.

2. A line segment has endpoints at A(1, 5) and B(6, 3). Find the
𝐵𝐶 1
coordinate C(x, y) on 𝐴𝐵 that is closest to B, and shows that 𝐴𝐶 = 4.

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