DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN SCIENCE 10

I. Objectives
A. Content Standards The Learners demonstrate understanding on how evolution
through natural selection can result in
biodiversity.
B. Performance Standards The learners should be able to write an essay on the
importance of adaptation as a mechanism for the
survival of a species.
C. Learning Competencies Explain the occurrence of evolution (S10LT-IIIg-40)
II. Content The Occurrence of Evolution and the Evolution Theories
III. Learning Resources
References Science 10 Handout
Learner’s Guide Science 10
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HwnB8aCn8yE
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BJPC70zDhAc

IV. Procedures Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity

A. Preliminaries  Prayer
 Greetings
 Attendance
 Classroom management
B. Reviewing previous
lesson or presenting Watch the following videos and give
the new lesson your insight.

What was the first video all about?

How about the second video?

The first video was

all about the human
Can you compare them? evolution.

It’s the comparison

of Lamarck’s and
Darwin’s theory.

Lamarck’s theory,
was shown first. I
noticed that the
giraffe has a flexible
 neck that it can still
adjust as its food
(leaves) goes higher.
While in Darwin’s
theory, the giraffe
doesn’t have a
flexible neck. Those
Very well said. And that has who lack in height
something to do with our lesson for cannot stretch their
today. Do you now have an idea of neck to reach their
what will be our topic for today? food higher than
them which result to
starvation and worst
to death.

I think our topic for

today is all about
C. Establishing a purpose At the end of this lesson, you should
for the lesson be able to:
a. explain the occurrence of
evolution;
b. present the comparison of
Lamarck’s and Darwin’s
evolution theory; and
c. realize the importance of
theories of evolution in
understanding the world we
have today.
D. Presenting
examples/instances of To lighten the mood, let us have a
the new lesson game first.

PASS THE ACTION RELAY!

Watch this video for the mechanics.

Do understand how to do it? Yes ma’am.

That’s great!
This is the situation: You are playing
with your kite happily when lightning
strike which made you so scared.

Ready 1…2…3…action!

(After the activity)

Did you enjoy the activity? Yes ma’am.

May I ask the first person and the last

person who made the act to stand in
front? (2 students come
forward)

To the first person who made the act,

what was the action you had executed
to the second person? Can you show it
again? (1st student did the
act)
 Thank you.
May I call on the last person who
received the action? Can you please
show us the action that you have
received? (2nd student did the
act))
Thank you. You may now go back to
your seat.

Class, is there any difference from the

action executed by the first person and
the action received by the second Yes ma’am,
person?

Justify your answer. The first person

executed the message
clearly. But as it
passed from one
person to another
until the last person
received it, the action
evolved from time to
time which
consequently led to
the last person’s
action.

Very good!
What else? The action totally
changed as it reaches
the last person.
That’s right!
It changed or evolved.
What do you call the process wherein
things changed or evolved? Evolution.

Exactly.
E. Discussing new
concepts # 1 What is evolution? Evolution is
considered as a
gradual change of
organisms over time
where in the modern
organisms have
descended from
ancient organisms
and keep on
replacing it to fill the
niches they left.

When we say, evolution is considered

as a gradual change of organisms over
time, what does it mean? It means that,
evolution change
slowly over time,
adapting to their
 environment and
passing on these
changes to future
generations.
Very good!
Then, do you believe that evolution is
an ongoing process? Why or why not? Yes. I believe that
evolution is an
ongoing process
wherein organisms
keep evolving from
time to time and
consequently leads to
the existence of
another organism.

Very well said!!

And that leads to the occurrence of
evolution

We have what we call the evolution The theory of

theory. What is this? evolution explains
how life on earth has
changed overtime
through processes
like natural selection,
genetic variation, and
adaptation to
different
environments. It is a
scientific framework
supported by
evidence from
various fields.
Yes. And we will delve deeper into
that as we go along with our
discussion.

Are you familiar with Jean Baptiste de

Lamarck? Who is he? He was the first
evolutionist to
believe that
organisms change
over time.
Therefore, what does Lamarck does
conclude in his theory of evolution? He concluded that
organisms of higher
complexity had
evolved from pre-
existing, less
complex organisms.

Can you simplify that? It means that more

complex organisms
evolved from a
simpler one.
That’s right!
That leads to Lamarckism. What is it
all about? Lamarckism is a
theory of evolution
based on the
principle that
physical changes in
organisms during
their lifetime such as
greater development
of an organ or a part
through increase use-
could be transmitted
to their offspring.
In short, how will you define
Lamarckism? Lamarckism is a
theory of evolution
wherein physical
changes in organisms
could be transmitted
to their offspring or
descendant.

Very good!
What are the theories developed by
Lamarck? Using fossil records
as a guide, Lamarck
was able to develop
the following
theories of evolution:
Theory of Need,
Theory of Use and
Disuse, and Theory
of Acquired
characteristics.

What is the theory of need? The theory of need

states that organisms
change in response to
their environment.
Their ability to
survive helped them
develop
characteristics
necessary for them to
adapt in a given
environment.
What does this imply? Based on
Lamarck’s theory of need, how does
an organism survive? That as time passed
by, organisms
change in response to
their environment
and their ability to
survive help them to
develop
characteristics they
 need to fit in the
environment.
Very good!
How about the theory of use and
disuse? The theory of use
and disuse states that
organs not in use will
disappear while
organs in use will
develop and gets
stronger.
That’s right.
The explanation was very clear. In this
theory what will happen to the organs
not in use? It will disappear.

How about the organs in use? It will develop and

gets stronger.
Precisely!
Based on the video about the giraffe
earlier, how was the theory of use and
disuse was shown there? It was shown that,
the neck of the
giraffe before was
short but as time
passed by as their
food gets higher
wherein they need
much longer neck,
they get to adopt to
the environment
which made them
stretch it to fit in and
survive.
Very good!
And that leads to another theory by
Lamarck called, the theory of acquired
characteristics. What is it all about? This theory states
that, the acquired
characteristics of
giraffes such as the
lengthening of the
neck were believed
to be inherited by
their offspring and
propagated by the
next generation.
Correct!
What does this imply? This theory states
that the
characteristics of a
particular organism
can be inherited by
their offspring and
it’s a continuous
process. Like for
example in the case
 of the giraffe, if it
has a long neck, then
the offspring will
also have a long
neck.
Very good!
On the other hand, Charles Darwin has
a different view of evolution. Who is
he? Charles Darwin was
a British naturalist
who developed a
theory of evolution
based on natural
selection.
He suggested this theory after his
voyage to the Galapagos Island in
HMS Beagle where he was fascinated
by the diversity of organisms he found
along the journey.

In the world map, do you know where

Galapagos Island is located? In Ecuador ma’am.

Very good!
It is located in Ecuador.

Are you familiar with the Origin of the

Species Literature by Charles Darwin? It presents the theory
of evolution by
natural selection.

Correct!
Speaking of which, Survival of the
fittest was actually coined by Herbert
Spencer inspired by the Darwinian
evolutionary theory. But later on what
happened? Later Darwin
adopted the Phrase in
his Origin of the
Species.
Yes!
What is this theory of Natural
Selection? This theory states
that environmental
factors promote the
survival of the fittest
and eliminates the
less fit.
Can you comment on this, “the
survival of the fittest and eliminates
the less fit”. It means that those
who fit in the
environment will
survive. If the
organism don’t fit in
the environment
there will be a
 tendency of
extinction.
Very good!
That’s why we have what we call
Darwinism. What is Darwinism? It refers to the theory
of evolution which
states that species
evolve over time
through a process of
natural selection,
where organisms
with advantageous
traits are more likely
to survive and
reproduce.
In the simplest term, how do you
understand Darwinism? This has something
to do with the
survival of the fittest!
If you fit in the
environment you will
survive!

Correct!
Was Darwinism shown in the video I
played earlier? Yes ma’am.

How? The video earlier

shown the survival of
the fittest wherein
the giraffe species
originally had a
varying neck, length
but the natural
selection favoured
the survival of
giraffes with longer
necks that could feed
on taller trees that
were eliminated due
to lack of accessible
food supply!
Excellent!
So in Galapagos Island, Darwin
observed that finch species have
different beak structure for different
food types. What does it imply? It implies that the
abundance of certain
species in an island
was somehow related
to the types of
available food for
these birds.
Very good!
How can you compare Lamarckism
and Darwinism theory? Darwinism says
species evolve by
 inheriting traits
through natural
selection, while
Lamarckism suggests
organism can pass on
its traits they acquire
during their lifetime.
That’s right!

F. Discussing concepts #2
G. Developing mastery
(Leads to Formative I will group you into 4 groups.
Assessment)
Directions: With your group.
Complete the T-chart by comparing
Lamarck’s evolution theory and
Darwin’s evolution theory.

H. Finding practical What do you think is the importance of

applications of concepts theories of evolution in understanding
and skills in daily living the world we have today?

I. Making generalizations Directions:

and abstractions about 1. How did the theory of
the lesson evolution occur?
2. Compare Lamarckism to
Darwinism.
J. Evaluating learning A. Directions: Write the following in
(Assessment) their appropriate column.

B. Short Essay. Answer Briefly

1. Based on your own

understanding compare the
evolution theory of Charles
Darwin to Jean-Baptiste
evolution Theory.

K. Additional activities for

 application or
remediation
V. REMARKS
No. of learners who
earned 80% in the
evaluation
No. of learners who
require additional
activities for
remediation who scored
below 80%
VI. REFLECTION