First Edition: December, 2023

STUDENT PRACTICE AND REVISION QUESTIONS

Incorporating Cognitive Domains of CD 2020
DSPGS Faculty & Team CAD

Subject: …………………………….
Grade: ……………………………...
 A Note to Students
Dear Students,

Your journey of learning is an exciting and enriching phenomenon. Hope you are enjoying it! Learning and
assessment are not just the two sides of a coin, but are the integral component of achieving desired
performance. With an aim to prepare you well for examination, we are introducing Student Practice and
Revision Questions (SPARQ).

What is SPARQ?
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How SPARQ will benefit you?

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How to use SPARQ?

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Wish you happy practising!

~Principal

SPARQ 2023
 Blueprint of Questions Types

GRADES: 6 - 9 & 11
Cognitive Domains Type of Questions No. of Questions on each Topic
Knowledge & Concepts MCQs upto 5 questions
(refers to theories & infor-
mation which the students
Very Short/Short Answer
learn in the class mainly upto 5 questions
Questions
through reading, listening,
writing & experiencing)

Skills & Competencies MCQs upto 5 - 6 questions

(refers to potential that Short Answer Questions (SAQ) upto 5 - 6 questions
enables students to use/
apply knowledge effective- Long Answer Questions (LAQ) upto 5 - 6 questions
ly in doing a task)

Problem Solving
(refers to potential that
enables students to use/
apply knowledge & skill in Long Answer Questions (LAQ) upto 5 - 10 questions
identifying and analyzing
a problem and solving it
creatively)

Cognitive Domains (CD 2020) Weightages (CD 2020)

Knowledge and Concepts 45%
Skills and Competencies 35%
Problem Solving Skills 20%

SPARQ 2023
 Cognitive Domain: Knowledge & Concepts
MCQ Exemplar #1-5: Chemistry (1 mark each)

Assessment Objective: Assessment Objectives:

• To define factors affecting equilibrium
• To identify acids and bases as per various theories of acid base
• Write conjugate acids and bases
• Identify factors affecting rates in forward and backward reactions

1. What does an equilibrium constant (Kc) value greater than 1 indicate?

a. The reaction strongly favors the products.
b. The reaction strongly favors the reactants.
c. Equal concentrations of products and reactants.
d. Insufficient information to determine.

2. In a heterogeneous equilibrium involving a solid and a gas, how is the solid represented in the
equilibrium expression?
a. It is included in the expression.
b. It is omitted from the expression.
c. It is represented by its molar mass.
d. It is considered a reactant.

3. What effect does increase of temperature have on an endothermic reaction at equilibrium?

a. Shifts equilibrium towards products.
b. Shifts equilibrium towards reactants.
c. No effect on equilibrium position.
d. Increases the equilibrium constant (Kc) value.

4. Which factor does not affect the position of equilibrium in a chemical reaction?
a. Concentration changes
b. Pressure changes
c. Temperature changes
d. Catalyst addition

5. Identify a species which is ‘NOT’ a Bronsted acid but a Lewis acid.

(a) BF3 (b) H3O+ (c) NH3 (d) HCl

SPARQ 2023
 Cognitive Domain: Knowledge & Concepts

SAQ Exemplar# 1-3 : Chemistry (1 mark each)

Assessment Objective: Students will be assessed on writing the expression of Kc, its relation with ∆G and
Acid base concepts

1. Write the equilibrium expression, Keq, for each of the following reaction:

a) MgO(s) + CO2(g) ⇌ MgCO3(s)

b) C(s) + CO2(g) + 2Cl2(g) ⇌ COCl2(g)

c) Ca3(PO4)2(s) ⇌ 3 Ca2+(aq) + 2 PO43-(aq)

d) ZnO(s) + CO(g) ⇌ Zn(s) +CO2(g)

2. Match the following species with the corresponding conjugate acid

Species Conjugate acid

(i) NH3 (a) CO3 2–

(ii) HCO3 – (b) NH4 +
(iii) H2O (c) H3O+
(iv) HSO4 – (d) H2SO4
(e) H2CO3

3. Match Column (I) with Column (II).

Column I Column II
(i) Equilibrium (a) ∆G > 0, K < 1
(ii) Spontaneous reaction (b) ∆G =0
(iii) Non spontaneous reaction (c) K=0
(d) ∆G < 0, K > 1

SPARQ 2023
 Cognitive Domain: Skills and Competencies

MCQ Exemplars# 1-6: Chemistry (1 mark each)

Assessment Objective: Students will be assessed on the learning outcomes of Chemical equilibrium
1. Relation between Kp and Kc 2.Computing impact of Factors like temperature on Ksp 3. Calculation of
Ph and buffer action
1. Assertion (A): For any chemical reaction at a particular temperature, the equilibrium constant is fixed
and is a characteristic property.
Reason (R) : Equilibrium constant is independent of temperature.
(i) Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of A.
(ii) Both A and R are true but R is not correct explanation of A.
(iii) A is true but R is false.
(iv) Both A and R are false.
2. Assertion: Kp can be less than, greater than or equal to Kc.
Reason: Relation between Kp and Kc depends on the change in number of moles of gaseous reactants
and products (Δn).
(i) Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of A.
(ii) Both A and R are true but R is not correct explanation of A.
(iii) A is true but R is false.
(iv) Both A and R are false.
3. Assertion: The gas-phase reaction PCl3(g) + Cl2(g) ⇌ PCl5(g) shifts to the right on increasing
pressure.
Reason: When pressure increase, equilibrium shifts towards more number of moles.
(i) Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of A.
(ii) Both A and R are true but R is not correct explanation of A.
(iii) A is true but R is false.
(iv) Both A and R are false.
4. Assertion: The addition of HCl(aq.) to CH3COOH (aq.) decrease the ionisation of CH3COOH (aq.).
Reason: Due to the common ion effect H+, ionisation of CH3COOH decreases.
(i) Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of A.
(ii) Both A and R are true but R is not correct explanation of A.
(iii) A is true but R is false.
(iv) Both A and R are false.
5. The solubility of Ca3(PO4)2 in water is y moles/litre. Its solubility product is
(a) 6y4 (b) 36y4 (c) 64y5 (d) 108y5
6. The pH of a solution of HCl is 2. The molarity of the solution is:
(a) 2.0 (b) 0.2 (c) 0.0001 (d) 0.01

SPARQ 2023
 Cognitive Domain: Skills and Competencies

SAQ Exemplars# 1-5: Chemistry (2 marks each)

1. For which of the following reactions Kp is less than Kc? Justify your answer.
a. 2HI (g) ⇌ H2(g) + I2(g)
b.N2(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2NO(g)

2. The value of Kc for the reaction 2A ⇌ B + C is 2 × 10–3. At a given time, the composition of reaction
mixture is [A] = [B] = [C] = 3 × 10–4 M. In which direction the reaction will proceed? Support your
answer with calculations.
3. Classify the following equilibria as heterogeneous or homogeneous, and write an equilibrium
expression for each.
a) NH4NO2(s) ⇌ N2(g) + 2 H2O(g)

b) H2O(l) ⇌ H2O(g)

( 3 marks each)

4. The pH of milk and egg white are 6.8 and 7.8 respectively. Calculate corresponding hydrogen ion
concentration in each. (antilog 0.2 = 1.5)
5. Consider the following exothermic equilibrium reaction involving nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and dinitrogen
tetroxide (N2O4):

2NO2⇌N2O4

The system is initially at equilibrium, and then the temperature is increased.

a) According to Le Chatelier's Principle, predict the direction in which the equilibrium will shift in
response to the temperature increase.
b) Explain the reasoning behind your prediction, taking into consideration the effect of temperature on the
forward and reverse reactions.
c) If the equilibrium shifts as predicted, describe the changes in the concentrations of NO 2 and N2O4 and
their implications for the equilibrium constant (Kc).

LAQ Exemplars# 1-4: Chemistry (4 marks each)

Case studies:
Question 1
Title: Maintaining pH Stability in a Biochemistry Laboratory
In a biochemistry laboratory, researchers frequently conduct experiments that require precise control over the
pH of their solutions. One particular project involves the enzymatic activity of a protein that is highly
sensitive to changes in pH. To ensure accurate and reliable results, the laboratory employs a range of buffer
solutions.
The researchers investigate the enzymatic properties of a protein that functions optimally at a slightly acidic
pH. The challenge they face is that the reactions they are studying tend to cause fluctuations in pH,

SPARQ 2023
 potentially impacting the accuracy of their data.The laboratory utilizes a variety of buffers, including acidic
and basic buffers, to maintain the desired pH conditions. These buffers are carefully prepared and added to
the reaction mixtures. The choice of buffer is critical as it must not interfere with the enzymatic activity being
studied.Regular pH monitoring is conducted throughout the experiments. Automated pH meters are
employed to ensure accuracy. If any deviations from the target pH are observed, the researchers are prepared
to make immediate adjustments by adding small amounts of the appropriate buffer solution.
The buffers have proven successful in maintaining the desired pH range, allowing the researchers to gather
reliable data on the enzymatic activity. However, challenges arise when scaling up experiments or dealing
with unexpected variables, such as impurities in reagents.
Now Answer the Questions below:
1. How do buffers function to maintain pH stability in a solution?
2. Why is it important to choose the right buffer for a specific experiment?
3. What challenges might arise when working with buffers in a laboratory, and how can they be
addressed?
4. How does the enzymatic activity being studied in this case benefit from maintaining a specific pH
range?

Case Study Question 2:

Title: Maintaining pH Balance: The Role of Acidic and Basic Buffers
In a chemistry laboratory, students are engaged in a project exploring the properties of acidic and basic buffers
and their applications in maintaining pH balance. The experiment aims to demonstrate how these buffers resist
changes in pH and contribute to the stability of solutions.Students are given solutions with varying pH levels
and are tasked with preparing acidic and basic buffer solutions using common buffer systems such as acetic
acid/acetate and ammonium/ammonia. The goal is to observe how these buffers react when acidic or basic
substances are added to the solutions.Students carefully prepare acidic and basic buffer solutions with known
concentrations. They add these buffers to test tubes containing solutions with different initial pH levels.
Substances that would normally cause significant pH changes are introduced to observe the buffering capacity.
Using pH meters and indicators, students monitor and record the pH changes in each test tube over time. They
note the effectiveness of the buffers in resisting significant shifts in pH, providing valuable insights into the
buffering capacity of acidic and basic solutions.
The experiment demonstrates the success of acidic and basic buffers in maintaining pH stability. Challenges
arise when dealing with extreme pH conditions, highlighting the limitations of buffer systems and the
importance of selecting the appropriate buffer for specific applications.

1. How do acidic and basic buffers function to resist changes in pH?

2. What are the practical applications of acidic and basic buffers in various industries?
3. How do the findings from this experiment contribute to our understanding of pH regulation in natural
systems?

SPARQ 2023
Q 3: Chromate ions and dichromate ions are in equilibrium with each other in an aqueous
solution according to the following balanced equation:

(i)Which ONE of the following reagents should be added to change the colour of the solution
to more yellow?
a) HNO3
b) H2O
c) LiOH
d) K2CrO4

(ii) Describe how variations in pH can influence the equilibrium direction and impact the colors in this
case.

Q 4: Consider the graph below of the reaction 2AB(g) <=> 2A(g) + B2(g)

A disturbance to the equilibrium takes place at T1.

a) Are both the forward and backward reaction rates increased the same at T1?

b) Explain what may have happened at T1

c) What will be the impact of temperature on this equilibrium?

SPARQ 2023
 LAQ Exemplars# 1-3: Chemistry (5 marks each)

1. (i) The value of Kc = 4.24 at 800K for the reaction, CO (g) + H2O (g) ⇌ CO2 (g) + H2 (g) Calculate
equilibrium concentrations of CO2 , H2 , CO and H2O at 800 K, if only CO and H2O are present
initially at concentrations of 0.10M each.
(ii) The solubility product constant of Ag2CrO4 and AgBr are 1.1 X 10–12 and
5.0 X 1013respectively. Calculate the ratio of the molarities of their saturated solutions.

2. (i) Phosphorus pentachloride decomposes to phosphorus trichloride and chlorine gas. A 1.10 mol/L
sample of PCl5 was placed into a vessel. At equilibrium it was determined that the concentration
was 0.33 mol/L. Calculate the Keq for this reaction.
PCl5(g) ⇌ PCl3(g) + Cl2(g)
(ii)Gaseous dinitrogen tetroxide is placed in a flask and allowed to decompose to nitrogen dioxide
and reach equilibrium at 100°C. At 100°C, the value of Keq is 0.212. If the concentration of
dinitrogen tetroxide at equilibrium is 0.155 mol/L, what is the concentration of nitrogen dioxide at
equilibrium?

3. (i) The concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution is 3.0×10−5 M. Calculate the pH of the solution.
(ii) A solution has a pH of 9.5. Determine the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution.
(iii) The concentration of hydroxide ions in a solution is 2.5×10−8 . Find the pH of the solution.

SPARQ 2023