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RC WALL DESIGN (EN 1992)

In accordance with EN1992-1-1:2004 incorporating corrigendum January 2008 and the UK national annex
Tedds calculation version 1.1.06

Design summary
Description Unit Allowable Actua Utilisation Result
Moment capacity kNm/ 20.46 0.25 0.01 PASS
m
Crack width mm 0.20 0.01 0.04 PASS
8 φ @ 200
8 φ @ 200

45
200
200

Wall input details

Wall geometry
Thickness; h = 200 mm
Length; b = 1000 mm/m
Clear height between restraints; l = 500 mm
Stability about minor axis; Unbraced
Concrete details
Concrete strength class; C32/40
Partial safety factor for concrete (2.4.2.4(1)); γ C = 1.50
Coefficient αcc (3.1.6(1)); αcc = 0.85
Maximum aggregate size; dg = 20 mm
Reinforcement details
Reinforcement in outer layer; Horizontal
Nominal cover to outer layer; cnom = 45 mm
Vertical bar diameter; φv = 8 mm
Spacing of vertical reinforcement; sv = 200 mm
Area of vertical reinforcement (per face); Asv = 251 mm2/m
Horizontal bar diameter; φh = 8 mm
Spacing of horizontal reinforcement; sh = 200 mm
Area of horizontal reinforcement (per face); Ash = 251 mm2/m
Characteristic yield strength; fyk = 500 N/mm2
Partial safety factor for reinft (2.4.2.4(1)); γ S = 1.15
Modulus of elasticity of reinft (3.2.7(4)); Es = 200.0 kN/mm2
Fire resistance details
Fire resistance period; R = 60 min
Exposure to fire; Exposed on two sides
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Ratio of fire design axial load to design resistance; µfi = 0.70

Axial load and bending moments from frame analysis

Design axial load; NEd = 0.0 kN/m
Moment about minor axis at top; Mtop = 0.0 kNm/m
Moment about minor axis at bottom; Mbtm = 0.3 kNm/m
Joint details at end 1 of wall
Slab concrete strength class; C40/50
Slabs providing rotational restraint about minor axis
Depth on side A; hA1 = 200 mm
Length on side A; lA1 = 6000 mm

Depth on side B; hB1 = 200 mm

Length on side B; lB1 = 6000 mm
Joint details at end 2 of wall
Slabs providing rotational restraint about minor axis
Depth on side A; hA2 = 200 mm
Length on side A; lA2 = 6000 mm

Depth on side B; hB2 = 200 mm

Length on side B; lB2 = 6000 mm
Crack width details
Axial load due to quasi-permanent SLS.; NEd_SLS = 0.0 kN/m
Moment at top due to quasi-permanent SLS.; Mtop_SLS = 0.0 kNm/m
Moment at btm due to quasi-permanent SLS.; Mbtm_SLS = 0.2 kNm/m
Duration of applied loading; Long term
Maximum allowable crack width; wk_max = 0.2 mm

Calculated wall properties

Concrete properties
Area of concrete; Ac = h × b = 200000 mm2/m
Wall characteristic compression cylinder strength; fck = 32 N/mm2
Wall design comp. strength (3.1.6(1)); fcd = αcc × fck / γ C = 18.1 N/mm2
Wall mean value of cyl. strength (Table 3.1); fcm = fck + 8 MPa = 40.0 N/mm2
Mean value of tensile strength; fctm = 3.02 N/mm2
Wall secant modulus of elasticity (Table 3.1); Ecm = 22000 MPa × (fcm / 10 MPa)0.3 = 33.3 kN/mm2
Slab characteristic compression cylinder strength; fck_b = 40 N/mm2
Slab mean value of cyl. strength (3.1.6(1)); fcm_b = fck_b + 8 MPa = 48.0 N/mm2
Slab secant mod. of elasticity (Table 3.1); Ecm_b = 22000 MPa × (fcm_b / 10 MPa)0.3 = 35.2 kN/mm2
Rectangular stress block factors
Depth factor (3.1.7(3)); λsb = 0.8
Stress factor (3.1.7(3)); η = 1.0
Strain limits
Compression strain limit (Table 3.1); ε cu3 = 0.00350
Pure compression strain limit (Table 3.1); ε c3 = 0.00175
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Design yield strength of reinforcement

Design yield strength (3.2.7(2)); fyd = fyk / γ S = 434.8 MPa
Check nominal cover for fire and bond requirements
Min. cover reqd for bond (4.4.1.2(3)); Cmin,b = max(φh, φv - φh) = 8 mm
Min axis distance for fire (EN1992-1-2 T 5.4); afi = 10 mm
Allowance for deviations from min cover (4.4.1.3); ∆cdev = 5 mm
Min allowable nominal cover; cnom_min = max(afi - φh / 2, cmin,b + ∆cdev) = ;13; mm
PASS - the nominal cover is greater than the minimum required

Effective depth of vertical bars

Effective depth; d = h - cnom - φh - φv / 2 = 143 mm
Depth to compression face bars; d’ = cnom + φh + φv / 2 = 57 mm

Design bending moment

Design moment about minor axis; MEd = max(abs(Mtop), abs(Mbtm)) = 0.3 kNm/m

Moment capacity about minor axis with axial load NEd

Moment of resistance of concrete
By iteration:-
Position of neutral axis; z = 15.0 mm
Concrete compression force (3.1.7(3)); Fc = η× fcd × min(max(λsb × z, 0 mm) , h) × b = 217.7 kN/m
Moment of resistance; MRdc = Fc × [h / 2 - (min(λsb × z , h)) / 2] = 20.5 kNm/m
Moment of resistance of reinforcement
Strain in tension face bars; ε = ε cu3 × (1 - d / z) = -0.02986
2
Stress in tension face bars; σ = if(ε < 0, max(-1×fyd, Es × ε ), min(fyd, Es × ε )) = -434.8 N/mm
Force in tension face bars; Fs = if(d > λsb × z, Asv × σ, Asv × (σ - η × fcd)) = -109.3 kN/m
Strain in compression face bars; ε ’ = εcu3 × (1 - d’ / z) = -0.00980
2
Stress in compression face bars; σ’ = if(ε’< 0, max(-1×fyd, Es × ε’), min(fyd, Es × ε’)) = -434.8 N/mm
Force in compression face bars; Fs’ = if(d’ > λsb × z, Asv × σ’, Asv × (σ’ - η × fcd)) = -109.3 kN/m
Resultant force on cross-section; Fres = NEd - (Fc + Fs + Fs’) = 0.873 kN/m
PASS - This is less than 1 kN therefore say OK
Moment of resistance of tension face bars; MRds = Fs × (d - h / 2) = -4.7 kNm/m
Moment of resistance of compression face bars; MRds’ = Fs’ × (h / 2 - d’) = -4.7 kNm/m

Combined moment of resistance

Moment of resistance about minor axis; MRd = MRdc + MRds’ - MRds = 20.5 kNm/m
PASS - The moment capacity exceeds the design bending moment

Crack widths
Design bending moment (cl. 7.3.4)
Design moment about minor axis; MEd_SLS = max(abs(Mtop_SLS), abs(Mbtm_SLS)) = 0.2 kNm/m
Cover to tension reinforcement; c = h - d - φv / 2 = 53.0 mm
Ratio of steel to concrete modulii; αe = Es / Ecm = 6.0
Area of reinft in concrete units; As,eff = 2 × αe × Asv = 3015 mm2/m
Combined area of steel/conc in conc units; Aeff = b × h + As,eff = 203015 mm2/m
Reinforcement ratio per face; ρ = Asv /(b × d) = 0.002
Neutral axis depth with pure bending; xb = d × [-2×αe×ρ + √(4×αe2×ρ2 + 2×αe×ρ×(1+d’/d))] = 21.7 mm
Second moment of area of cracked section; Ic = b×xb3/3 + αe×ρ×b×d×[(xb-d’)2 + (d-xb)2] = 27463898 mm4/m
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Strain in tension face steel due to bending; ε sb = MEd_SLS × (xb - d) / (Ecm × Ic) = -0.00003
Strain in comp face steel due to bending; ε sb’ = MEd_SLS × (xb - d’) / (Ecm × Ic) = -0.00001
Strain due to axial load; ε axial = NEd_SLS / (Aeff × Ecm) = 0.00000
Resultant strain in tension face steel; ε s = ε sb + ε axial = -0.00003
Resultant strain in comp face steel; ε s’ = εsb’ + εaxial = -0.00001
Stress in tension steel; σs = min(fyd, abs(Es × ε s)) = 5.3 MPa
Depth to neutral axis; x = [(ε s’ × d) - (εs × d’)] / (εs’ - εs) = 21.7 mm
Effective depth of concrete in tension; hc,ef = min(2.5×(h-d), (h-x)/3, h/2) = 59.4 mm
Effective area of concrete in tension; Ac,eff = hc,ef × b = 59425 mm2/m
Load duration factor; kt = 0.4
Reinforcement ratio; ρp,eff = Asv / Ac,eff = 0.004
Mean value of conc tensile strength; fct,eff = fctm = 3.02 MPa
Difference between reinft and concrete strains; ε diff = max([σs-kt×fct,eff×(1+αe×ρp,eff)/ρp,eff]/Es, 0.6×σs/Es) = 0.00002
Greater tensile strain; ε 1 = ε s × (h - x) / (d - x) = -0.00004
Lesser tensile strain; ε 2 = min(0, ε s’ × x / (x - d’)) = 0.00000
Factor k1; k1cs = 0.8
Factor k2; k2cs = (ε 1 + ε 2) / (2 × ε 1) = 0.500
Factor k3; k3cs = 3.40= 3.4
Factor k4; k4cs = 0.425
Maximum crack spacing; sr,max = k3cs × c + k1cs × k2cs × k4cs × φv / ρp,eff = 501.8 mm
Crack width; wk = sr,max × ε diff = 0.008 mm
Allowable crack width; wk_max = 0.2 mm
PASS - The maximum crack width is less than the maximum allowable