Math 2433 Homework #2

Solutions

Section 15.3.
Find the first partial derivatives of the function.
√
18. f (x, t) = x ln t.
Solution: We have √
∂f 1 ∂f x
= √ ln t, and = .
∂x 2 x ∂t t
e v
24. w = u+v 2.
Solution: We have
∂w ev ∂w ev 2vev
=− , and = − .
∂u (u + v 2 )2 ∂v u + v 2 (u + v 2 )2
25. f (r, s) = r ln(r2 + s2 ).
Solution: I will just produce the answer here but you should be able to do this.
∂f 2r2 ∂f 2sr
= ln(r2 + s2 ) + 2 , and = 2 .
∂r (r + s2 ) ∂s r + s2
31. w = ln(x + 2y + 3z).
Solution: We have
∂w 1
=
∂x x + 2y + 3z
∂w 2
=
∂y x + 2y + 3z
∂w 3
=
∂z x + 2y + 3z
Use implicit differentiation to find ∂z/∂x and ∂z/∂y.
45. x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 3xyz.
Solution: To find ∂z/∂x, we take the partial derivatives of each side with respect to x
to get
∂z ∂z
2x + 2z = 3yz + 3xy .
∂x ∂x
∂z
We can now solve for ∂x to get
∂z 3yz − 2x
= .
∂x 2z − 3xy
Similarly, we take the partial derivatives of each side with respect to y to get
∂z ∂z
2y + 2z = 3xz + 3xy
∂y ∂y

1
2 Solutions

and get
∂z 3xz − 2y
= .
∂y 2z − 3xy
46. yz = ln(x + z).
Solution: Taking the partial derivative of each side with respect to x, we get
∂z
∂z 1 + ∂x
y = ,
∂x x+z
so
∂z ∂z
(x + z)y =1+ .
∂x ∂x
Thus,
∂z 1
=
∂x (x + z)y − 1
Similarly, we have
∂z
∂z ∂y
z+y = ,
∂y x+z
which gives us
∂z z(x + z)
=
∂y 1 − y(x + z)
Find all the second partial derivatives of the function.
xy
54. v = x−y .
Solution: We have
∂v y xy y2 ∂v x xy x2
= − = − , and = + = .
∂x x − y (x − y)2 (x − y)2 ∂y x − y (x − y)2 (x − y)2

Therefore
∂2v 2y 2
= .
∂x2 (x − y)3
Also,

∂2v 2y 2
 
2y 2y y 2xy
=− 2
− 3
=− 1+ =− .
∂y∂x (x − y) (x − y) (x − y)2 x−y (x − y)3

Similarly,
∂2v 2x 2x2 2xy
= 2
− 3
=−
∂x∂y (x − y) (x − y) (x − y)3
and finally,
∂2v 2x2
= .
∂y 2 (x − y)3
 Math 2433 Homework #2 3

We notice that the mixed partial derivatives are equal.

Solution: We have
∂v ∂v
= exe ey , and = exe (xey ).
y y

∂x ∂y
Therefore
∂2v
= exe ey ey
y

∂x2

and
∂2v
= exe (xey )(ey ) + exe ey = (xey + 1)exe ey .
y y y

∂y∂x
Similarly,
∂2v
= ey exe (xey ) + exe ey = (xey + 1)exe ey ,
y y y

∂x∂y
and
∂2v
= exe (xey )(xey ) + (exe )(xey )
y y

∂y 2
Find the indicated partial derivatives.

62. f (x, t) = x2 e−vt , fttt , ftxx

ft = −vx2 e−vt , ftt = v 2 x2 e−vt , and ftx = −2vxe−vt .

Therefore,
fttt = −v 3 x2 e−vt , and ftxx = −2ve−vt .
3
65. u = erθ sin θ; ∂r∂ 2 ∂θ
u
.
Solution: We have
∂u ∂2u
= rerθ sin θ + erθ cos θ, and = erθ sin θ + rθerθ sin θ + θerθ cos θ
∂θ ∂r∂θ
Therefore,
∂3
= θerθ sin θ + θerθ sin θ + rθ2 erθ sin θ + θ2 erθ cos θ.
∂r2 ∂θ