2ND PERIODICAL - COMPUTER REVIEWER

Network topology Advantages of Bus Topology

- A Network topology is the physical ● Low Cost − Bus topology is
and logical arrangement of nodes relatively inexpensive to
and connections in a network. implement. The central cable, or
- Network topologies are often bus, is relatively inexpensive, and
represented as a graph. the devices are also relatively
- Nodes = Devices inexpensive. This makes it a
cost-effective option for small
TYPES OF NETWORK TOPOLOGY networks.
● PHYSICAL TOPOLOGY – ● Easy to Expand − Bus topology is
Placement of various nodes. easy to expand. New devices can
● LOGICAL TOPOLOGY – It deals be added to the network by
with the data flow in the network connecting them to the central
cable. This allows for the network
● Bus Topology to grow as needed without
● Star Topology requiring major reconfiguration.
● Ring Topology ● Easy to Troubleshoot − Bus
● Mesh Topology topology is easy to troubleshoot. If
● Tree Topology a problem occurs, it can usually be
● Hybrid Topology traced to a specific device, making
it easier to identify and fix the
NETWORK TOPOLOGY DIAGRAM problem.

Disadvantages of Bus Topology

● Limited Cable Length − The
central cable, or bus, in a bus
topology has a limited length. If the
cable becomes too long, it can
cause signal loss and data errors.
This means that bus topology is
not suitable for large networks.
Bus Topology
● Single Point of Failure − The
(also called line topology)
central cable, or bus, in a bus
- Every node is connected in series
topology acts as a single point of
along a single cable. This
failure. If the cable is damaged or
arrangement is found today
otherwise fails, the entire network
primarily in cable broadband
will be down. This makes bus
distribution networks.
topology less reliable than other
- It is a simple and cost-effective
network configurations.
network configuration that is
● Limited Number of Devices −
well-suited to small networks, such
The number of devices that can be
as home or small office networks.
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connected to a bus topology is
limited. If more devices are added RJ-45
to the network, it can cause data
collisions and other problems.
● Difficult to Isolate a Problem −
Bus topology can be difficult to
isolate problems, if one device on
the network causes a problem. Ring Topology
● Lack of security - A Network Connection or
arrangement where devices create
Examples of when Bus topology is a circular data path.
appropriate to use - It has 2 connections: one to each
● Small Office − Bus topology is an nearest neighbor.
ideal choice for small office
networks. The simplicity and low NETWORK TOKEN – The symbol of
cost of this type of network authority for control of transmission line.
configuration make it an ideal UNIDIRECTIONAL –Transferring if data
choice for small businesses. in a single direction.
● Home Network − Bus topology is
also appropriate for home Advantages of Ring Topology
networks. The ease of installation - Better than bus topology
and low cost make it an ideal - All nodes have equal access
choice for home users. - Prevent data collission
● Laboratory − Bus topology is also
suitable for laboratory networks. Disadvantages of Ring Topology
The ease of installation and low - Failure of one node will affect the
cost make it a suitable option for whole network
laboratory environments. - No security
- Cable breakdown
UTP Cable– Unshielded Twisted Pair
Cable Star Topology
- CATEGORY (CAT) 5 - A type of network topology in
- CATEGORY (CAT) 5e which every device in the network
- CATEGORY (CAT) 6 is individually connected to a
central node, known as the switch.
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Network Switch Advantage of Mesh topology
Network Switch connects devices in a - The only real benefit to having a
network to each other, enabling them to mesh network is fault tolerance.
talk by exchanging data packets. because there are so many
connections being used.
Advantages of Star Topology - If there any one cable breaks,
- Adding or removing devices to the another can still be transmit
network will not disrupt the messages between computers.
network.
- High performance as no data Disadvantages of a Mesh topology
collisions can occur - Mesh topology is it's very costly.
- Each device only requires one port Because it needs additional
to connect to the switch cabling and network interfaces to
create the multiple pathways
Disadvantages of Star Topology between each system.
- Expensive, it requires more cabling - A mesh topology is very hard to
setup. administer and manage because of
- If the switch fails, the network will the numerous connections.
shutdown.
- The switch requires more Hybrid topology
resources and maintenance. - It is a type of network topology in
which two or more different
Mesh Topology topologies are integrated or
- A mesh topology is a network combined to lay out a network.
setup where each computer and - In layman's terms, hybrid
network device is interconnected topology is the combination of two
with one another. or more networks. The network
- This topology setup allows most type could be Star, Ring, Bus, or
transmissions to be distributed Mesh.
even if one of the connections
goes down. Layman's term means simple language
that can be understood by the average
Different types of Mesh Topology person.
Full Mesh Topology - Every computer in
the network has a connection to each of Examples of Hybrid Topologies
the other computers in that network. Star-bus Hybrid Topology - The
Partially-connected Mesh Topology - At Star-bus topology is one of the most
least two of the computers in the network common network topologies used for both
have connections to multiple other commercial and residential purposes. In
computers in that network. this topology, hubs for different
departments or workgroups are connected
together via a single network.
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Star-ring Hybrid Topology - The
Star-ring network topology comprises two
or more star topologies linked together by
a centralized hub. In this network
configuration, the computers or nodes are
typically connected to a central hub in a
star network.

Advantage of Hybrid topology

- A hybrid topology is easier to
connect to other computers than
some other topologies. Also the
bybrid topology has a faster
connection.
Disadvantages of a Tree topology
- The main disadvantage is that it
has a confusing name that can be
confused with other things.some
network find it to have security
issues.