Q.30. use (=r, =y 1-19, w 22 (1-14, where r? =x’ +9" +2" then show that Sem) asyse, [UPTU 2009] O(x49,2) Ans. u (1) 1Given Differentiating (1) w.r-t.x purtially,we get RP : = (= saa Differentiating (1) partially w.r.t.y we get (-2y) (@-#-9?-2) A 72 = (1-2-5? 22)? pickers Similarly, = (ay In the same way, other partial derivates can be found. ale ele O(u,v,w) _ i (x,y,z) — Gee oy 7)" 1-9” Now, x x Scanned with CamScannerScanned with CamScannerQ.39. Find the possible percentage error 7 computing the parallel resistance r of three resistance Fy, Py Py from the formula 1 7" Ans. We have Differentiating, we get ‘Hence % error in & x 100 r “ Add pif riy fay Fa are each in error by + 1.2% nn (UPTU go11) ( 2 \- ot Ici ds, 1 rags (S2x100}+1(S2x100} 3{Sax100) nly aly 4(12)+402)+10.2) Riera: th 1a(2- Ay +4) 122) 'From (1) 12 12. Scanned with CamScanner“== i= aaa ER TIS Q.47. Arectangular box, open at the top, is to have a given capacity. tnebox requiring least material for its construction. ‘Ans. Letx,y andz be the length, breadth and height respectively. Let V be the given capacity and S, the surface. Vis given = Vis constant Now Ve = meorz= 5 2V = nyt + Bye aay 2 av Sn eases 5 4v. Find the dimensions of [UPTU 2006, 2010] (1) 2v +5 = fey) [Using (1)] Scanned with CamScannerScanned with CamScanner _—Q.53. Find the dimensions of a rectangular box of maximum capacity whose surface area is given when @ box is open at the top (ii) box is closed. [UPTU 2009, 2010] Ans. Let, 9, z be the dimensions of the rectangular box so that its volume is V = xyz ~ (1) ‘Total surface area of the box is S = nxy + 2yz + 2ex = given constant = (2) Here, n = 1 if the box is open at the top and n = 2 if the box is closed on all sides. Consider Lagrange’s function F (x,y, 2) = x2 + Mn xy + 2yz + 22x—S) 8) Scanned with CamScannerFor stationary values, 2x) = wpm ner tsk 2608874 By ye +Alny + 2x) = zx+A(nx+22) = 0 7 +AGt By ively anu adding, we get Multiplying eqns. (4), (5) and (6) by x, y and 2 respectively Sxye +2 (2 nay + 2yz + 2ex)) = s 8V+A(2S) = 0 3 = A= -95 ‘Substituting value of 2 from (7) in (4), (5) and (6), we get 3V ye Og (ny +22) = 0 3x ae 5g ny +22) =0 2s nay 2x = noe 2 Similarly, nay +2yz = s Qyz+2ex = 8 Substracting (9) from (8), we get BG-y) = 0 aey Subtracting (10) from: (9), we get S nxy-2zx = 0 wny-22) = 0 anyade Substituting (11) and (12) in (2), We get iS nexede, = 2 § - : Sra? = § (@ When boxis open at the top, mn = 1 8 Psy oes a The dimensions of the box are : Sy hee 1 : ie y Band & rUsieg ws (ii) When box is closed, n = 2 Scanned with CamScanneri om Mf db dz of daw 16.1 f(x,y) =0, (7, 2) =0,show that 7. OP 0% : bs Q.16.16 0% ¥) By By ae Cana (2004-05) |. We knows === Sol. We know: ais a f(x.y) =Opives™ = dx /oy dz__ 4 d 2) =O gives =~ an o(y,2) Bia a6 (az oe dz Ox ay . From Eq. (i), ae ‘rom Eq. (i), ; “af a ay oz Hence, fe oe) Az) eel 00 ay dz dx ax ay poosed. Scanned with CamScannera Q.17.1f6(x, y 2) = o,show that{%) a). ( - ey, oy (2003-4, Sol. The given relation defines y as a function of x and z. Treating x as constant. ( %) giebioz az), a/ay The given relation defines z as a function of x and y. Treating yas constant. (=), ~-Ser ox}, — 0/dz % ox 0o/ay Similarly, = = (3), Sa Multiplying, we get (2) (#) (=) =-1 Proved. az), dx), la), 1 Q.18.Ify = —_——__,, find yy ,. (2004-05) 1-5x + 6x? ae S 1 1 Sol. As given, HALES beae SU 1-5x+6x? (2x —1) (Bx -1) 20 ‘i _—— irtial fraction) a ae (by partial yn =20"( 2 . =3p" (<4) 3x-1 [pee | _,fcn'@" @ean | | Gone =(-1)" ({ @ SG): ans. aay ay Scanned with CamScannerQ8.1f u=log (x8 +y* +2" ~ Saya), show that{ oe oy 2) u2——__—_.. ox dy Oz (x+y +2)? (2003-04) Sol. We have u = log (x? + y? +29 -3xyz) BS Oa eM By Ox xe yh 423 3x2) Oy du 32? - 3x a x+y? 42 -3xyz du, du, du _3(x2 +y? +27 - = YEH x) 3. ox ay oz xh ty) +25 -3xyz x+y4tz [eo x84 42? 8:2 = (x + yt 200? +? +2? - ay - yz 2D] Dd 8) (calea ind u=|—+—+—|]|—+—+—|u ax dy dz)\ ax ay az sdbiied’ (2.\(Gue on ou a2, 8.8} LS ax dy az)lax ay dz) lax ay az)\x+yr2 Boalt ip Hy gO acd ~(tytzy (xtytzl (x+y tz) cra woes Proved. (wty+z)* ° Scanned with CamScannerScanned with CamScannerQ.26.Find the value of D” {x"~"log x), D" = 1", (2009-10) dx” Sol. As oa fa =D" {x"~ ‘log x} 2 ye a ed n-2 n-i1\ = ( 8s)}= aor (n-1)x"~? logx+x ra qe ce x"? log x +x~7} ix — {x"~*[(n-1) log x +1]} I, =(n-1)1, 5 #0 Now, fe ACs oe leh. nl n-(n—1)(n—- ni Scanned with CamScannerPu du Q.7. Ifu = f(r), where r? = x” +y*. Prove that ©" + at =f’ (r+i * £00, Sol. As given, r? ax? + y? odes 95-06, 06-07, 09. 10 Differentiating partially w.r.t. x, we get Similarly, Now, Differentiating, again w.r.t. x, oy get Pu 1 or yipenior Sr OH(-S 2) ro Xr [3 (uw) = ww aw i ww 2-0) Petiv.2-(w) at" Orreh (ere Spree) FOr ores “(r) : 5 rey +s Rp) (ertaxt ey! Similarly, 2H 2% Srortro ay’ au A ty te apt ere pee) op ear mere iee Proved. Scanned with CamScannerQ8. For what value of n, u = r"(3cos® 0 - 1) satisfies the equation 2 au) 1 a ou =| Ft | +— =— |= (2013-14) a ( or) sine 00 {sino =) a Q Ans. Given, a =r" (8cos*@ =1) Thus = =(8c0s? 6 = 1) nr?“ : and u +" (6cos6 sin) Now. aol Se) + 5 (sno. 24) <0 at * <(8cos?@=1)-nr"""]+ we A tsino (-6r” cos 6 sin 8)]=0 or Zur (Scost0 -1+ 2 [-6r" sin? 60s 8] =0 or n(n 41)r" (8cos? @ -1) "i Zr" ~cos? 8). cos8}=0 or n(n +1)r"(Beos*—1)+ 2. 2 [61 (cos -cos?8)}=0 n(n +1)r" (3cos?6 ~1)+ ror" (-sin0+3cos?@ sind)}=0 sin n(n +1)r”(3cos?6 ~1)+ 2 [-6r" sind (3c0s*0 -1]=0 n(n +1)r" (3cos* 6-1) - 6r” (3cos?@ -1) =0 r”(3cos* @ —1)[n(n +1) —6]=0 r"(3cos*@ -1) 40 n(n +1)-6 =0 = n?+n-6=0 (n+3)(n-2) =0 n=-3,2 = n=2 Scanned with CamScannerQ.18. Test the function f(x, y) = (x? + y2) e-@7*”) for maxima and minima for poin noton the circle x? + y? =1, (2000-0 Sol. Here, FO Y) 0? Hyer) Thus, Se =O tye +) (-2x) + 2x20? +1) Scanned with CamScanner2x 2 ye? +77) and fy Bee ee) (-ay)+2ye 1) =2y(l-x2 - ye 4) oye for maxima and minima, put, f, =0 and fy =0 2x(—x? - y2jel +729 2 ad 2y(1-x? - ye +70 =: x=0,y=0 and x?+y?=1 jeavingx? + y? =1as given, take x =0, y=0. Hence, (0, 0) is the only stationary point. fp = 2X -2x3 Dy? Je 17) Thus pf =(2—6x? —2y2)e C497) + (Oe = 2x? — Dy? Je 9? (2x) e074) (xt 10x? 44x? y? -2y? +2) and $= fy (Ae) 4 (2x28? Dye (-2y) = (By t4x3y r4yr yet) and t=fy met +770(2- 2x? -oy2j+e 7 Qy ~2yx? -2y3)(-2y) =e" +97) (2- 2x? -10y? -4x7y? +4y*) At(0,0), r=2,s=Oandt=2 rt-s? =4>0 Also, r =2(>0) + f(x, y)has a minimum value at (0,0). z Minimum value=(0+0)e° =0. Scanned with CamScanneru Q.27. Ifsfy' =6, show that ats =9=2)2,5, =-(logexy". (MTU 2013} Ans. ¥¥7 = c defines 2 as a function of x andy. ‘Taking =loge log x log +y +2 logz Differentiating partially w.r.ty, we have 1 ee ie Eft il hid Graig +1. logz. ay or 1+ logy + (1 +4 logz) AD) L+logy ~Trlogz ; L+logx . Similary, = - Trlogz ~Q) Differentiating (1) partially w.rt. x, we have BaF scasinen or = Dy a a ce oe 1 ~ 2(1+logz) = y=z a — 8) = (3) gle When: From (2), -1, 22-1 1 * x +logx) 1 ees 1 Tlagd = Mogan 7~ (#10827 From (3), Cn(-) Sle ae , Be Sle Scanned with CamScannerQ.16. Ify = (x”- 1)”, prove that (x*~1)y,,,. + 2ry,,.- (n+ 1) Yn = 0, Hence, if p, = d G?-D", show that 3 {a-s1)>} +n(n41)p,=0. Ans. We have y= @ 1, = My = a (2-1), oe 2 G=-Dy, = n(x? 1)". 2x = 2nzy = (®- Ly, -2nxy = 0 Differentiating it (n +1) times, we obtain (n +1) {et-WypatintD2ar,5.+ ry 2} = (Onxy,,1 + (n+). 2ny,) =0 = G?— y,.9+ 2nxy,,,-(n + Ly, = 0 = G?-1)D?y, + 2xDy,—nin+ Dy, = 0 But CN = a (-1" Hence, (2) can be re-written as G?—1)D®p, +2xDp,)-n(n+1)p, = 0 = -(1-29)D? (p,) + 2xD(—p,)-n(n+ Dp, = 0 & A-)Dw)-n@+vp, =0 d d = cmd {a-»£,} +n(n+1)p, =0 ——— Scanned with CamScanner pile a {UPTU 2001, 02) (2){AKTU : 2015-16, 2 | @.247 HEC y, 2, w)= Othen find BM cH Ans.: Given: f(x,y, 2, w)=0 -+ X,y, Zand w are implicit functions. . & _ _offy dy _ _ offoz ~ @y ~ " Offex dz ~~ Otley a _ _dffaw ow _ _ dfx aw > ~ afaz ax ~~ afew By those values ox, Oy dz aw otfey otloz otlow otfex ay * dz “Ow * ox = SE) Se <(SR) X=Y Equation (5) xy and Equation (6) xz Qyz+xy)+Axyz = 0 } 2ya+xy = 2xz+ 2yz (2xy + 2yz)+Axyz = 0 xy = 2xz => y =2z Bo xe yeas Step II : Substitute this value in Equations (2), . (22) (22) (@) = 32 42° =32 fe 2 =8 z=2 . X=y=2z gives x=4, y= 4 Hence required dimensions are, Length = 4cm; Breadth = 4cm; Height =2cm Scanned with CamScanner