Sheet on DEVOLPMENT OF LATERAL ~SURFAGE BLLEERE A right circular cone having diameter of base 40 mm, axis length 60 mm resting on ils base on H.P. is cut by an AIP inclined at 45° to H.P. and bisecting the axis. Draw the DLS of the cone retaining the Portion containing base. Soln. : [For pictorial view refer Multicolour Fig. C13]. ‘To draw the projections and DLS of the cone : Step 1: Draw a circle of diameter 40 mm in the 'T.V. Divide the base circle into 12 equal parts and draw the generators with thin lines. Name the generators in the T.V. as shown in the Fig. Prob. 24. Step 2: Project the F.V. and draw the generators. Name the generators in the F.V. as shown in the Fig. Prob. 24. Step 8: Draw the sector in DLS and divide it in 12 equal parts as explained earlier. Step 4: Draw the cutting plane C-P’in the FV. passing through the mid point of the axis and making 45° toX-Yline. Various points of intersection and its transfer to the DLS. Step 1: Name the points of intersection of cutting plane C-P and generators as p/, p/, p/ (The cutting plane C-P cuts the generator 01’at p/, 0°2’atp;... ,0+12’atp,.) respectively. i “PLP hori true length of generator i.e. 0“1’ and further Step 2: Project p/, Pj» Pj» Pyy horizontally on true le eth of g e. 01’ and further to the generator 0-1 on the DLS. Step3: Take O as centre and dist 7p’, Pi ws P,, to respective general Py Pg Py Pye Py Py om Pyp in DLS. ance of various projected points on O-1 as radius , transfer points ors with the help of compass and name those points as P,, Step 4: Joi SS pA: Join Line work (in F.V. and DLS) + tained part of i ick object lines for the ret ne ae a tines for removed part of the cone and all the generators n : Draw thin const ti f the cone,ESL a ODT LR BRT EEE cess ree 19 rsinosring Graphs (SPU onnmneTenN \ dal] : VER ZA AW ee Zs ‘ EOD) x eee >PIREWEE Fig. Prob. 25 shows the elevation of a cut cone cut by an AIP. Draw the DLS of the cone removing the portion containing apex. ‘on. : [For pictorial view refer Multicolour Fig. C14]. © draw the projections and DLS of the cone : tep 1: Draw the TV, divide it into 12 equal parts, draw the generators and name it as shown in the Fig. Prob. 25(a). ‘ep 2: Project the F.V., draw the generators and name the generators in the F.V. as shown in the Fig. Prob. 25(a). ep3: Draw the sector in DLS, divide it into 12 equal parts and name it as usual. ep 4: Draw the cutting plane C-P in the F.Y, parallel to generator 0°7’and 6mm away from it.230 Fig. Prob. 25 s Fig. Prob. 25(a) Various points of intersection and its transfer to the DLS. Step 1: Name and transfer the points of intersection of cutting plane C-P and generators from F. rs from F.V. to DLS as usual. ‘As we can see from the F.V. of Fig. Prob. 25(a) that cutting planes C-P cuts the base of ase of cone at Step 2: 7 Project a’and b to T.V. as a and b respectively. points a’and Step 3: ‘Transfer a and b from the T.V. to the DLS with the help of a compass, (eg, take 6-0 di . (e.g. -a distance ir compass and mark A with centre 5 and radius 5-a in the DLS.) Step 4: Join all the points in DLS by smooth curve. Line work (in F.V. and DLS): the thick object lines for the retained part of the cone and all the generators. Thick: Draw part of the cone. Thin: Draw thin construction lines for removed[EEE A hexagonal pyramid, base 30 mm side and axis 75 mm long is resting on HP with side of base parallel to VP. It is cut by a section plane, perpendicular to VP and inclined at 45° to the HP and bisecting the axis. Draw front view and development of lateral surface. soln. : To draw the projections and DLS of the pyra! TY., project the F.V. and name the views a mid is shown in the Fig. Prob. 16. Step 1: Draw the Sy Techtnowtedgeee ‘of Lateral Surface ‘SW Encinserag Graphics (SPPU) fez Devspmett Draw the development ofthe lateral surface of the pyramid as explained earlier. Step 2: . of axis and making 45° with the XY Step 8: Draw the cutting plane CP passing through the mid-p line. 7 ig. Prob. 15 Various points of intersection and it's transfer to the DLS. Step 1: Name the points of intersection of cutting plane CP and slant edges in the F.V. as p/p, p/.Pj.P, and pas cutting plane OP cuts the slant edge oa’at p, 0°b’at py o%¢’at ps o“d’at pf, o%e’at piand o“f” at p/respectively Step 2: Project the points p’ , p(, p’, P,P’, P’ horizontally on true length of slant edge o'-a’ and further to O-A in the DLS. Step 3: With ‘0’ as centre and corresponding true lengths as radius transfer these points as Pa, Pb, Pc, Pd, Pe, Pf on respective slant edges of DLS with the help of compass. Step 4: Join all the points in proper sequence by straight line because pyramid is bounded by plane triangular faces. [Note : Effect of cutting plane CPis not shown in the T.V. because in this chapter we are emphasizing only on DLS.18) [Prob 9 7 ig, Prob. 9 shows the f base on H.P. with all te eee Suse prism 50 mm side of Base and 70 mm height resting on its shown, Develop the ater enaulet faces equally incined to V.P. A iangular hole is cut into it as lateral surface ofthe prism showing the shape ofthe hole in it InN] | ra Fig. Prob. 9 papas Soln. ‘0 draw the projections and DLS of the prism: Step 1: Draw the T.V. and name the corners of the square as a, b, ¢ and d. Step 2: Project the F.V. and name the vertical edges as aa; 6b; c“e’and Step 3: Draw the DLS by thin construction line & name the vertical edges as A-A, B-B, C-C & D-D. Step 4: Draw the triangular hole in the F.V. as shown in Fig. Prob. 9a).Ww Enpineering Graphics (SPPU) eer eee Fig, Prob. 9(a) Various points of intersection and its transfer to the DLS: Stop 1: Vertical edges 6“b’and d“d’are cut at two distinct points in the F-V. Let us name Poa for lower points. Project these points horizontally to the respective vertical edges for upper points and q4, in the DLS and name them as P,, P,, Q, and Q, respectively. Draw the generators through corner points and name them as 1+1; 2 as I, 2, 3 and 4 in the T.V. erators to the DLS and name them as 1-1, 2-2, 3-3 and 4-4 respectively. Step 2: 22; 373’and 4+4’in the F.V. Step 3: Transfer these gen Step 4: Name the intersection points of cutting planes and generators in the F.V. as shown in Fig. Prob. 9a) and project these points horizontally to the respective generators in the DLS and name them as shown. Step 5: Joint all the points in proper sequence by straight line to complete the DLS. Line work (F.V. and DLS) : Thick : Draw the thick object lines for the retained part of the prism. Thin: Draw thin construction lines for the removed part i.e. inside the triangular hole.Prob. 6.2 A cylinder of diameter 60 mm and axis 75 VP and inclined to HP at 60°, passing throu, surface of the lower part. mn i: ‘ing i ‘ 'S Testing on its base on HP. It is cut by a plane perpendicular to 884 point on axis 20 mm above its base, Draw development of lateral Retained part (Ft0)Fig. Prob. 6.2yment O° Developt Engineering Graphics (SPPUL soin.: 75. @Peeopment of lateral surface of retained part cylinder Panial TY, Marking of base point k’ from FY to TV and TV to development. (oFtiFig, Soln. 6.2(a) Step 1: Draw Top view and Front view of eylinder resting on HP, and divide the top view in 12 equal parts, mark the generates in F.V. Step: Mark the cuting plane at 60 to HP, through a point on axis 20 mm above the base and Tovate points of intersection with the generators of cylinder and base in front view. Step3 Project the point of intersection of cutting plane with he base in FV (X) to top view giving points °K’ in between intervals 3 to 4 and 10 to 11. Step 4: Mark development of cylinder (ie. rectangle nD x H). Step 5: Divide the top edge of development in 12 equal parts (this represents end circle of the cylinder). Step: Using radius equal to (4) or (10 - k) measured from top view (ie. cord 4k or 10k) transfer this interval from top view to development in corresponding intervals and in corresponding sequence (i.e. 4-4-3 or 10-k-11). Hence get the key points marked in the development base. Step 7: Tran: i i D sfer levels of points of intersection of generators and cutting plane in front view to development, and join smooth curve through them. Show the boundary of development of retained lateral surface by thick tines