SUMMER TRAINING PROJECT REPORT

ON

PYTHON PROGRAMMING

(A Summer Training Report Submitted In Partial Fulfillment

For The BACHELORS OF COMPUTER APPLICATION )
An Undergraduate Course

From

EngineerCore

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

Prof. Mr. Ravi Shankar Tiwari Sir

SUBMITTED BY

Aditya Kumar Singh

CITY COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT

TIWARIGANJ , LUCKNOW.

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 LIST OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER TOPIC PAGE

NO.

 Title Page 01
 Acknowledgement 05
 Certificate 06
 Declaration by student 07
 Organization Introduction 08
 List of figure
o Figure no 1 11
o Figure no 2 15
o Figure no 3 16

o Figure no 4 17

o Figure no 5 19

o Figure no 6 21

o Figure no 7 22

o Figure no 8 23

 Contents (Report) 09 to
29

1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Python

1.2 Scripting Language

1.3 Object Oriented Programming

1.4 History of python

1.5 Behind the Scene of Python

 2. DATA TYPES & OPERATOR

2.1 Variable

2.2 String

2.3 Python Operator

2.3. 1 Arithmetic Operator

2.3.2 Comparison Operator

2.3.3 Logical Operator

3. TUPLE & LIST

3.1 Tuple

3.1.1 Accessing Tuple Values

3.1.2 Built in Operation

3.1.3 Built in Functions

3.2 List

3.2.1 Accessing List Values

3.2.2 Built in Operation

3.2.3 Built in Function

4. LOOPS & CONDITIONAL STATEMENTS

4.1 Loops

4.1. I Loops Definition

4.1.2 Loops Example

4.2 Conditional Statement

4.2. I Conditional Statement Definition

4.2.2 Conditional Statement Example

4.3 Function

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4.3.1 Syntax & Examples

5. USES & SCOPE

5.1 Scope of Python

5.2 What can we do With Python?

5.3 Who Uses Python Today

5.4 Why do People Use Python

6. CONCLUSION 30

7. REFRENCES 30
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First I would like to thank Mr. Gautam Kumar for giving me the opportunity to do
summer training with EngineerCore. Although quite short, for me this was a great
experience I can learn from. It helped me to explore my skills and increased my interest
in web development.

It is indeed with a great sense of pleasure and immense sense of gratitude that I
acknowledge the help of these individuals.

I would like to thank my Assistant Professor Mr. Ravi Shankar Tiwari Sir for his
constructive criticism throughout my internship and for their support and advices to get
and complete internship in above said organization.

I am extremely great full to my department staff members and friends who helped me in
successful completion of this internship.

ADITYA KUMAR SINGH

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CERTIFICATE FROM INSTITUTE
 DECLARATION BY STUDENT

This is to certify that the present summer training report entitled “PYTHON
PROGRAMMING ” is my original work . This summer training fulfil the requirement of
the Bachelor’s in computer application an undergraduates degree of Lucknow University.

DATE: Signature of Student:

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 INTRODUCTION TO INSTITUTE

EngineerCore is a one-of-a-kind skill development platform in association with

effervescence with IIIT-Allahabad.

EngineerCore believe knowledge is power, and They are here to make us invincible. The
cut-throat competition in the field of engineering and the constant need of standing out of
the crowd is not under the covers anymore. It has become a necessity to set ourself apart,
and they are here to help.

EngineerCore is a one-of-a-kind skill development platform that enables students to

learn from industry experts, become market ready, and build a high-paying career for
themselves. By providing well affordable and accessible courses to all keen students at
the click of a mouse, They make sure to help you acquire a certified skill set that is bound
to give us an edge over others in the crowd.

Now, we can stand apart by doing our self paced courses along with our college degree so
we can move multiple steps ahead at a time. They help the students get their hands on the
latest technology trends and stay updated.
INTRODUCTION

1.1 Python

Python is a widely used high-level, general-purpose, interpreted, dynamic

programming language. Its design philosophy emphasizes code readability, and its
syntax allows programmers to express concepts in fewer lines of code than would be
possible in languages such as C++ or Java. The language provides constructs
intended to enable clear programs on both a small and large scale. Python supports
multiple programming paradigms, including object-oriented, imperative and
functional programming or procedural styles. It features a dynamic type system and
automatic memory management and has a large and comprehensive standard library.
Python interpreters are available for installation on many operating systems, allowing
Python code execution on a wide variety of systems.

1.2 Scripting Language

A scripting or script language is a programming language that supports scripts,

programs written for a special run-time environment that automate the execution
of tasks that could alternatively be executed one-by-one by a human operator.
Scripting languages are often interpreted (rather than compiled). Primitives are
usually the elementary tasks or API calls, and the language allows them to be
combined into more complex programs. Environments that can be automated
through scripting include software applications, web pages within a web browser,
the shells of operating systems
(OS), embedded systems, as well as numerous games.

A scripting language can be viewed as a domain-specific language for a

particular environment; in the case of scripting an application, this is also known
as an extension language. Scripting languages are also sometimes referred to as
very high-level programming languages, as they operate at a high level of
abstraction, or as control languages.

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1.3 Object Oriented Programming Language

Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm based on the

concept of "objects", which may contain data, in the form of fields, often
known as attributes; and code, in the form of procedures, often known as
methods. A distinguishing feature of objects is that an object's procedures can
access and often modify the data fields of the object with which they are
associated (objects have a notion of "this" or "self').
In 00 programming, computer programs are designed by making them out of
objects that interact with one another. There is significant diversity in
objectoriented programming, but most popular languages are class-based,
meaning that objects are instances of classes, which typically also determines their
type.

1.4 History
Python was conceived in the late 1980s, and its implementation was started in
December 1989 by Guido van Rossum at CWI in the Netherlands as a successor to
the ABC language (itself inspired by SETL) capable of exception handling and
interfacing with the Amoeba operating system. Van Rossum is Python's principal
author, and his continuing central role in deciding the direction of Python is reflected
in the title given to him by the Python community, benevolent dictator for life
(BDFL).
 FIG 1.1 Van Rossum

Figure 1

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 "Python is an experiment in how much freedom programmers need. Too much freedom
and nobody can read another's code; too little and expressiveness is endangered. "
- Guido van Rossum

1.4 About the origin of Python, Van Rossum wrote in 1996:

Over six years ago, in December 1989, I was looking for a "hobby" programming
project that would keep me occupied during the week around Christmas. My office
would be closed, but I had a home Computer, and not much else on my hands. I
decided to write an interpreter for the new scripting language I had been thinking about
lately: a descendant of ABC that would appeal to Unix/C hackers. I chose Python as a
working title for the project, being in a slightly irreverent mood (and a big fan of
Monty Python's Flying
Circus).
Chapter 2

DATA TYPES

Data types determine whether an object can do something, or whether it just would not
make sense. Other programming languages often determine whether an operation
makes sense for an object by making sure the object can never be stored somewhere
where the operation will be performed on the object (this type system is called static
typing). Python does not do that.
Instead it stores the type of an object with the object, and checks when the
operation is performed whether that operation makes sense for that object (this
is called dynamic typing).

2.1 Python has many native data types. Here are the important ones:

Booleans are either True or False.

Numbers can be integers (l and 2), floats (1.1 and 1.2), fractions (1/2 and 2/3).

Strings are sequences of Unicode characters, e.g. an HTML document.

Bytes and byte arrays, e.g. a JPEG image file.

Lists are ordered sequences of values.

Tuples are ordered, immutable sequences of values.

Sets are unordered bags of values.

2.2 Variables

Variables are nothing but reserved memory locations to store values. This means that
when you create a variable you reserve some space in memory.
Based on the data type of a variable, the interpreter allocates memory and decides what
can be stored in the reserved memory. Therefore, by assigning different data types to
variables, you can store integers, decimals or characters in these variables.

Ex:
counter = 100 # An integer
assignment miles = 1000.0 # A
floating point name = "John" # A
string

2.3 String

In programming terms, we usually call text a string. When you think of a string as a
collection of letters, the term makes sense.
All the letters, numbers, and symbols in this book could be a string.
For that matter, your name could be a string, and so could your
address.
2.4 Creating Strings

In Python, we create a string by putting quotes around text. For example,

we could take our otherwise useless

• "hello"+"world" "helloworld" # concatenation

• "hello" *3 "hellohellohello" # repetition
• "hello"[o] "h" # indexing
• "hello"[-l] "o" # (from end)
• "hello"[1:4] "ell" # slicing
• len("hello") 5 # size
• "hello" < "jello" 1 # comparison
• "e" in "hello" 1 # search
2.5 Python Operator

2.5.1 Arithmetic Operator

Figure 2

Table 2. I Arithmatic Operators

Comparision Operators
 Logical Operators

Figure 4
 Chapter 3

TUPLES

Creating a tuple is as simple as putting different comma-separated values. Optionally you

can put these comma-separated values between parentheses also.
For example tupl = ('physics', 'chemistry', 1997,
2000); tup2 = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ); tup3 = "a", "b", "c",
"d";

3.1 Accessing Values in Tuples:

To access values in tuple, use the square brackets for slicing along with the index or
indices to obtain value available at that index. For example tupl = ('physics',
'chemistry', 1997, 2000); tup2 = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7); print "tupl[o]: ", tupl[o] print
"tup2[1:5]: ", tup2[1:5]
VVhen the above code is executed, it produces the following result —
tupl[o]: physics tup2[1:5]: [2, 3, 4, 5]

3.2 Basic Tuples Operations

Tuples respond to the + and * operators much like strings; they mean concatenation and
repetition here too, except that the result is a new tuple, not a string. In fact, tuples
respond to all of the general sequence operations we used on strings in the prior chapter
 3.3 Built-in Tuple Functions

Python includes the following tuple functions —

Figure 5

LIST

The list is a most versatile datatype available in Python which can be written as a list of
comma-separated values (items) between square brackets. Important thing about a list is
that items in a list need not be of the same type. Creating a list is as simple as putting
different comma-separated values between square brackets. For example listl =
['physics', 'chemistry', 1997, 2000]; list2 [l, 2, 3, 4, 5 ]; list3 ["a", "b", "c", "d"];
Similar to string indices, list indices start at 0, and lists can be sliced, concatenated
and so on.

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 3.3 Accessing Values in Lists:

To access values in lists, use the square brackets for slicing along with the index or
indices to obtain value available at that index. For example listl = ['physics',
'chemistry', 1997, 2000]; list2 [l, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ]; print "listl ", listl CO] print "list2Cl
:5]: ", list2[l:5]

Output:listl[0]: physics list2[l :5]:

[2, 3, 4, 5]

Update: list ['physics', 'chemistry', 1997, 2000]; print

"Value available at index 2 : print list[2] listC2] =
2001; print "New value available at index 2 print
list[2]

Output: Value available at index 2 : 1997

New value available at index 2 : 2001

Delete: listl = ['physics', 'chemistry', 1997, 2000];

print listl del listl [2]; print "After deleting value at
index 2 print listl
['physics', 'chemistry', 1997, 2000]
 Python includes following list methods:

Figure 6

Chapter 4

LOOPS

4.1 Loops
Programming languages provide various control structures that allow for more
complicated execution paths.

A loop statement allows us to execute a statement or group of statements multiple

times. The following diagram illustrates a loop statement

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Python programming language provides following types of loops to handle looping
requirements.

Figure 7
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Example:

For Loop:
>>> for mynum in [l, 2, 3, 4,
5]: print "Hello", mynum
Hello
1
Hell
o2
Hel
lo 3
Hell
o4
Hello
5

While Loop:
>>> count = 0
>>> while (count < 4):
print 'The count is:', count
count count + I The
count is: 0
The count is: I
The count is: 2
The count is: 3

4.2 Conditional Statements:

Decision making is anticipation of conditions occurring while execution of the

program and specifying actions taken according to the conditions. Decision
structures evaluate multiple expressions which produce TRUE or FALSE as
outcome. You need to determine which action to take and which statements to
execute if outcome is TRUE or
FALSE otherwise.
 14.3 Statements

Python programming language provides following types of decision making

statements. Click the following links to check their detail.

Figure 8

Example:

If Statement:
>>> state = "Texas"
>>> if state "Texas".
print "TX

28
 If...Else Statement:
>>> if state "Texas"
print "TX" else:
print "[inferior state]"

If...Else...If Statement:
>>> if name "Paige" print
"Hi Paige!" elif name
"Walker": print "Hi
Walker!" else: print
"Imposter!"

14.4 Function

Function blocks begin with the keyword def followed by the function name and
parentheses ( ( )

Any input parameters or arguments should be placed within these

parentheses. You can also define parameters inside these parentheses. The
first statement of a function can be an optional statement - the
documentation string of the function.
The code block within every function starts with a colon (:) and is indented. The
statement return [expression] exits a function, optionally passing back an expression
to the caller. A return statement with no arguments is the same as return None.

Syntax:
def
functionname( parameters ):
"function docstring" function
suite return [expression]
 Example:
l. def printme( str ):
"This prints a passed string into this
function" print str return

2. # Function definition is here

def printme( str ):
"This prints a passed string into this function"
print str return;

# Now you can call printmefunction printme("l'm

first call to user defined function!") printme("Again
second call to the same function")

14.5 Directories

Another useful data type built into Python is the dictionary (see Mapping Types
dict). Dictionaries are sometimes found in other languages as "associative memories"
or "associative arrays". Unlike sequences, which are indexed by a range of numbers,
dictionaries are indexed by keys, which can be any immutable type; strings and
numbers can always be keys. Tuples can be used as keys if they contain only strings,
numbers, or tuples; if a tuple contains any mutable object either directly or indirectly, it
cannot be used as a key. You can't use lists as keys, since lists can be modified in place
using index assignments, slice assignments, or methods like append() and extend().

It is best to think of a dictionary as an unordered set of key: value pairs, with the
requirement that the keys are unique (within one dictionary). A pair of braces creates
an empty dictionary: l}. Placing a comma-separated list of key: value pairs within the
braces adds initial key: value pairs to the dictionary; this is also the way dictionaries
are written on output.

28
The main operations on a dictionary are storing a value with some key and extracting
the value given the key. It is also possible to delete a key: value pair with del. If you
store using a key that is already in use, the old value associated with that key is
forgotten. It is an error to extract a value using a non-existent key.

The keys() method of a dictionary object returns a list of all the keys used in the
dictionary, in arbitrary order (if you want it sorted, just apply the sorted()function to
it). To check whether a single key is in the dictionary, use the in keyword.

Here is a small example using a dictionary:

Chapter 5

5.1 Scope of Python

+ science
- Bioinformatics
System Administration

-Unix
-Web logic
-Web sphere
 • Web Application Development
-CGI

Testing scripts

5.2 What Can we do With Python?

1. System programming

2. Graphical User Interface Programming

3. Internet Scripting

4. Component Integration

5. Database Programming

6. Gaming, Images, XML , Robot and more....

5.3Who Uses Python Today?

Python is being applied in real revenue-generating products by real.

Companies like Google makes extensive use of Python in its web search system,
employs. Python's creator. Intel, Cisco, Hewlett-Packard, Seagate, Qualcomm,
and IBM use Python. For hardware testing. ESR' uses Python as an end-user
customization tool for its popular Gl mappmg products. The YouTube video
sharing service is largely written in Python.

28
5.4 Why Do People Use Python?

The following primary factors cited by Python users seem

to be these:

 Python is object-oriented.

 Structure supports such concepts as polymorphism, operation overloading, and

multiple inheritance.

 Indentation is one of the greatest future in Python. It's free (open source).

 Source code is easily accessible.

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CONCLUSION

Practical knowledge means the visualization of the knowledge, which we read in our
books. For this, we perform experiments and get observations. Practical knowledge is
very important in every field. One must be familiar with the problems related to that field
so that he may solve them and become a successful person.
After achieving the proper goal in life, a student has to enter in professional life.
According to this life, he has to serve an industry, may be public or private sector or
selfown. For the efficient work in the field, he must be well aware of the practical
knowledge as well as theoretical knowledge.

Due to all above reasons and to bridge the gap between theory and practical, our

BCA curriculum provides a summer training of 45 days. During this period a student
work in the industry and get well all type of experience and knowledge about the working
of companies and hardware and software tools. I have undergone my 45 days summer
training in 5 sem at EngineerCore . This report is based on the knowledge, which I
acquired during my 45 days of summer training.

References

 Training report.
 Python For Everybody.
 Think python.
 www.python.org
 Google group: javatechzo ne.