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Sheet 1 Sol

The document discusses properties of metals and how different metals are produced. It provides answers to questions about distinguishing metals from other materials, classes of metals, alloys, and production processes for iron, steel, and other metals. Key points covered include that ferrous and nonferrous metals are the two main groups, alloys contain two or more elements, the carbon ranges that define steel and cast iron, chromium being the main alloying element in stainless steel, and blast furnaces being used to extract iron from iron ore through chemical reduction with carbon.

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19 views

Sheet 1 Sol

The document discusses properties of metals and how different metals are produced. It provides answers to questions about distinguishing metals from other materials, classes of metals, alloys, and production processes for iron, steel, and other metals. Key points covered include that ferrous and nonferrous metals are the two main groups, alloys contain two or more elements, the carbon ranges that define steel and cast iron, chromium being the main alloying element in stainless steel, and blast furnaces being used to extract iron from iron ore through chemical reduction with carbon.

Uploaded by

saitamaviolet
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SHEET-1 Solution

Review Questions

1. What are some of the general properties that distinguish metals from ceramics and polymers?
Answer. Metallic properties include high strength and stiffness, good electrical and thermal
conductivity, and higher density than ceramics or polymers.

2. What are the two major groups of metals? Define them.

Answer. Ferrous metals, which are based on iron; and nonferrous, which includes all others.

3. What is the definition of an alloy?

Answer. An alloy is a metal comprised of two or more elements, at least one of which is
metallic.

4. What is the range of carbon percentages which defines an iron-carbon alloy as steel?

Answer. The carbon content ranges from 0.02% to 2.11%.

5. What is the range of carbon percentages which defines an iron-carbon alloy as cast iron?

Answer. The carbon content ranges from 2.11% to about 3.4%.

6. Identify some of the common alloying elements other than carbon in low alloy steels.

Answer. The common alloying elements in low alloy steel are Cr, Mn, Mo, Ni, and V; we
should also mention the most important, which is C.

7. What is the predominant alloying element in all the stainless steels?

Answer. Chromium.

8. Identify some of the properties for which aluminum is noted?

Answer. Aluminum is noted for its low density, high electrical and thermal conductivity, and
formability good corrosion resistance due to the formation of a tough oxide film on its
surface, and ability to be alloyed and strengthened to achieve good strength-to-weight
ratios.

9. What is the most important engineering property of copper which determines most of its
applications?

Answer. Its high electrical conductivity.

10. What elements are traditionally alloyed with copper to form (a) bronze and (b) brass?

1
Answer. (a) tin, (b) zinc.

11. (a) Name the four principal noble metals. (b) Why are they called noble metals?

Answer. (a) The principal noble metals are copper, gold, platinum, and silver. (b) Nobel metals
are so named because they are chemically inactive.

12. How iron is extracted from iron ore?

Iron is extracting from iron ore using a Blast Furnace. The common ores of iron are
both iron oxides, and these can be reduced to iron by heating them with carbon in the form of
coke. Coke is produced by heating coal in the absence of air.

13. Is steel made of iron?

This is the most refined metal that can be made from iron. Most of the impurities are removed
from the iron and it becomes a much stronger metal. There are several methods to make steel.
The most modern and commonly used method is with an oxygen furnace.

14. How do you produce iron?

A certain proportion of carbon (between 0.002% and 2.1%) produces steel, which may be up to
1000 times harder than pure iron. Crude iron metal is produced in blast furnaces, where ore is
reduced by coke to pig iron, which has high carbon content.

15. What is a Blast Furnace used for?

The purpose of a blast furnace is to chemically reduce and physically convert iron oxides into
liquid iron called "hot metal". The blast furnace is a huge, steel stack lined with refractory brick,
where iron ore, coke and limestone are dumped into the top, and preheated air is blown into the
bottom.

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