MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

1. Collection of raw facts and figures.

a) Data b) Information c) Program d) Data Base
2. Which of following are disadvantage of file management system?
a) Data duplication b) Lack of flexibility in organizing data
c) Data inconsistency d) All of above
3. A collection of programs used for managing data stored in various files:
a) File b) File management system
c) Data base management system d) File organization system
4. If data is not updated in a file management system than what type of problem will it
cause?
a) Data overflow b) Data Inconsistency
c) Data Efficiency d) Data Redundancy
5. Duplication of the data in different flies is called:
a) Data Redundancy b) Data deficiency
c) Data inconsistency d) Data overflow
6. Collection of related files that are usually integrated or linked is called:
a) Data b) Information c) Program d) Data Base
7. A set of programs that allow user to create, maintain and manipulate database:
a) Database b) Database Management system
c) File Management System d) Database Administrator
8. Which one is an example of Database Management System (DBMS)?
a) MS-Access b) Microsoft SQL server
c) Sybase, oracle d) All of above
9. A theoretical foundation of database that determines in which manner data can be
stored, organized and manipulate, is called:
a) Database b) Database System
c) Database Model d) Database Administrator
10. How many types of data base models?
a) One b) Two c) Four d) Five
3. In _____ data is organized into a tree like structure:
a) Hierarchical DB model b) Network model
c) Object oriented model d) All of these
11. Which is more complex structure than HIERARCHICAL model?
a) Relational model b) Network model
c) Hierarchical Model d) Object oriented model
12. ______ is the most popular database model used in business application:
a) Network model b) Object oriented model
c) Relational model d) Hierarchical Model
13. Objects are the key factor in ______.
a) Relational Model b) Object oriented model
c) Network Model d) Hierarchical Model
14. Which of following is not include in data modelling process?
a) Conceptual Data Modelling b) Data Modelling
c) Logical Data Modelling d) Physical Data Modelling
15. Relationship b/t Entities are represented by:
a) ER diagram b) ERR diagram
c) Relational diagram d) none of these
16. Which is similar to conceptual data Modelling but addresses the unique requirements of
specific business?
a) Enterprise data Modelling b) Conceptual data Modelling
c) Logical data Modelling d) none of these
17. Which represent an application & database specifier implementation of a logical data
model?
a) Physical data Modelling b) Enterprise data Modelling
c) Logical data Modelling d) Conceptual data modelling
18. The relationship between capital and country is an example of:
a) One-to-one b) One-to-many c) May-to-many d) Binary
19. ER model based on.
a) Entity + Relationship b) Entities + Attributes + Relationship
c) Entity + Keys + Relationship d) Entities + Attributes
20. A real-world object is called:
a) Attribute b) Key c) Relationship d) Entity
21. Every attribute is defined by its set of values called:
a) Model b) Domain c) Scope d) All of these
22. Attributes are represented by mean of:
a) Ellipses b) Parabola c) Oval d) Rectangular
23. A person’s Name, birthday and social security number are example of:
a) Relationship b) KEYS c) Entities d) Attributes
24. It is referring to the maximum number of times an instance in one entity can be associated
with instance in the related entity:
a) Cardinality b) Modality c) Entity d) Attribute
25. It is referred to the minimum number of times an instance in one entity can be associated
with an instance in the related entity:
a) Modality b) Cardinality c) Relationship d) Attribute
26. Cardinality can be 1 or _____:
a) 0 b) Two c) Three d) Many
27. Which of following are entities of ticket booking system of airline?
a) Airline b) Flight c) Ticket d) All of above
28. In student Management system relationship among entities (student, course, result)
may be:
a) One-to-One b) One-to-many c) many-to-many d) Both a) & b)
29. Which represent the structure of database system in formal Language?
a) Schema b) Relation c) Database Schema d) Data Model
30. Which represent the conceptual level of database design?
a) E-R Diagram b) Data Modelling c) Relational Schema d) Attribute
31. Normalization basic purpose are as follows:
a) No Redundancy of data b) No In consistency of data
c) Get stable data structure d) All of above
32. Which form of dependency of data must be remover in 2NF?
a) Partial b) Transitive c) Functional d) Associative
33. In 3NF we removed dependencies among relations:
a) Transitive Functional b) Partial
c) Functional d) Both (b) & (c)
34. A systematic approach to development of database that moves from concept to design
and development to implementation is called:
a) Planning a database b) Database Requirement
c) Database Modelling d) Database Management system
35. The purpose of __is to obtain through and detailed understanding of problems:
a) Feasibility study b) Requirement analysis
c) Problem Identification d) Primary key
36. The purpose of ______ is to find one or more solution of the problem.
a) Feasibility study b) Investigation
c) Feasible study d) All of these
37. In which phase, it’s important to create an accurate representation of all requirements.
a) Date Analysis b) Requirement Analysis
c) Requirement gathering d) System Analysis

SHORT QUESTIONS
1. What is File Management System?
Ans: A file management system is a collection of programs used for managing data stored
in various files. Each program within a file management system is developed
independently and it defines and manages its own data. In file management system
records in one file are not related to the records in any other file. This approach leads
to many problems which include data duplication in different files, data inconsistency,
sharing of data and lack of flexibility in organizing and querying the data.
2. What is difference between data and information?
(C.B)
Ans: Following are the difference between data & information:

3. What is Data Base?

Ans: A database is a collection of related data. For example, consider the names,
telephone numbers and addresses of the people you known. You may have
recorded this data in an indexed address book or
you stored it on your computer’s
hard disk using software such as Microsoft Access or Excel. This is a collection of
data having implicit meaning and hence is a database.
4. What is Database Management System?
Ans: A database management system (DBMS) is a set of programs that allow users to create
maintain and manipulate database, and store or retrieve data from those database files. It
provides user-friendly access and controls between user and database. Its main purpose is
to improve data sharing, data access, decision making and increase end user productivity.
Examples of the database systems managed by DBMS are Customer information system,
Inventory information, Library management, Accounting and bookkeeping. Examples of
DBMS include Microsoft Access, Microsoft SQL Server, Sybase, Oracle, MySQL, etc.
5. What are the responsibilities of DBA?
Ans: DBA has the following responsibilities.
• Designing the database and enforcing the operational policies and procedures for its
usage.
• Planning security measures and backup of database.
• Controlling privileges and permission of database users.
• Allocating passwords to user.
• Planning recovery procedures.
• Providing training to new employees about using the database.
6. Give any three advantages of DBMS over file management system.
Ans: Following are the advantages of DBMS over files management system.
Reduced data redundancy
Redundancy removed by data normalization. No data duplication saves storage and improves
access time.
Data Consistency and Integrity
As we discussed earlier the root cause of data inconsistency is data redundancy, since data
normalization takes care of the data redundancy, data inconsistency also been taken care of
as part of it.
Data Security
It is easier to apply access constraints in database systems so that only authorized user is able
to access the data. Each user has a different set of access thus data is secured from the issues
such as identity theft, data leaks and misuse of data.
7. Give any three disadvantages file management system over DBMS.
Following are the problems in file management system.
• The same data may be duplicated in different files.
• The data in different files may be inconsistent.
• It is difficult to share data.
• It provides less flexibility and lot of time to collect data from different files

8. What is Object Relational Database Model?

Ans: Object-oriented database is also called Object Database Management Systems
(ODBMS). Object database store objects rather than data such as integers, real
numbers and strings. Objects are used in object-oriented programming languages such as
C++ and java. Real world objects have two characteristics, that is, state and behaviour. For
example, the object radio has four states and five behaviours.
9. What is Database Model?
Ans: A database model is the theoretical foundation of database and determines in which
manner data can be stored, organized and manipulated. It defines a way of structuring
data. There are five types of database models.
10. What is Relational Database Model?
Ans: In a relational database model, data is held in tables and the tables are linked by means
of common fields. The “relation” in a relational database refers to the various tables in the
database which are linked with each other. A table in database consists of rows and
columns. One row of table holds one record. Each column in the table holds one field or
attribute.
11. What is data Control Language?
Ans: Data Control Language (DCL) is used for controlling the data. A user can access the
data based on the privileges given to him. Some important asks of DCL are:
• To allow specified users to perform specific tasks.
• To disallow specified users from performing specified tasks
• To cancel previously granted or denied permissions.
12. What is Data Definition Language?
Ans: Data Definition Language (DDL) is a computer language for defining different data
structures. DDL statements create, modify and remove data objects such as tables.
Some important tasks of DDL are:
• To create objects in a database model.
• To alter the structure of the database.
• To delete object from the database.
13. What is the use of DML?
Ans: DML stands for Data Manipulation language. It is used to manipulate the data in the
database such as inserting, retrieving, updating and deleting data.
14. Define Record?
Ans: A collection of related fields treated as single unit is called a record. All the information
about one person or item is held in record. When records are stored in a table, rows represent
records and columns represent fields. In relational database rows are also known as tuples.
15. What is Relation?
Ans: A database table is a file that contains data about a single entity. An entity can be a
person, place or event, etc. For example, ‘Student’, ‘Teacher’, ‘Stock’, etc. are entities. A
database table is composed of rows and columns. Rows hold the records and columns hold
the fields. Data item is inserted at each row and column intersection. Tables are also called
relations in RDBMS. Each table in database holds data about a different but related subject.
16. What is View?
Ans: It is made up of rows and columns. It may display information that is restricted to a part
of table. It may also present selected data from several tables simultaneously. View
cannot exist independently of tables.
17. What is Feasibility Study?
Ans: The purpose of feasibility study is to find one or more solutions of the problem and
to suggest the most desirable and economical solution. Feasibility study includes the
following.
• Investigate the problem.
• Find out all the possible solutions available.
• Study all the solutions to determine their feasibility
• List the issues with each solution
• Select the preferred solution for implementation
• Document the results in a feasibility report.
18. What is Database Planning?
Ans: Database planning is a systematic approach to the development of database that moves
from concept to design and development to implementation. A well-designed database
promotes consistent data entry and retrieval. Database should be planned in a systematic way
to save time, efforts and make it perform the expected tasks.
19. Why is database planning important?
Ans: A well-designed database allows the user to insert and retrieve data easily. A database
should be planned properly to save time and effort. It must also perform all the expected
tasks.
20. What is data Modelling? Write four types of data Modelling. (K.B)
Ans: The data Modelling is a process of designing the logical structure of a database with a
diagram using text and symbols to represent the way data needs to flow. This diagram is
called Entity relationship diagram (ERD). Data models define how data is connected to
each other and how may are processed and stored inside the system. It also defines how
data is stored and processed in the system.
Types:
• Enterprise data model
• Conceptual data model
• Logical data model
• Physical data model
21. What is enterprise data model?
Ans: Enterprise data modelling is used to identify the scope and requirements for a specific
business organization. An Enterprise Data Model is an integrated view of the data produced
and consumed across an entire organization. It incorporates an appropriate industry
perspective. An Enterprise Data Model (EDM) represents a single integrated definition of
data, unbiased of any system or application.
22. Define Entity.
Ans: An entity in an ER Model is a real-world entity having properties called attributes.
Every attribute is defined by its set of values called domain. For example, in a school
database, a ‘Student’ is considered as an entity. Student has various attributes like roll
number, name, age, class, etc. Entities are represented by means of rectangles. Rectangles are
named with the entity set they represent.
23. What Entity-relationships Diagram (ER)?
Ans: The Entity-Relationship (ER) diagram or model defines the conceptual view of a
database. It is made up of entities and the associations among them. At view level, the ER
model is considered a good option for designing databases. ER Model is best for the
conceptual design of a database. E-R Model is based on, Entities and their attributes,
Relationships among entities.
24. What is Binary Relationship?
Ans: It exists two entities are associated with each other through a relationship. Or if there are
two entity types involved. In binary relationship the associations between two entity types
may be described are as one-to-one, one-to-many or many-to-many.
25. What is Unary-relationships?
Ans: It exists when an association is maintained within a single entity. It is also known as
a recursive relationship. A unary relationship, in which only one entity i.e. ‘Machine
Operator’ is maintaining the recursive relationship.