ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF SQUARE COLUMN

I. Principles: The interaction expression for the load and bending moments about
the two axes is:
1. The most critical corner column
was identified and then designed
considerinf axial load with biaxial
bending.

2. Modified Load Contour Method where:

based on Bresler's formulation were
used in the analysis. ( Design Pn = nominal axial compression (positive), or tension
Criteria for Reinforced Columns (negative)
under Axial Load and Biaxial Mnx, Mny = nominal bending moments about the x- and y-axis
Bending, by B.Bresler, J. ACI Vol.32, respectively
No.5, 1960, pp.481-490)
Pno = maximum nominal axial compression (positive) or
axial tension (negative)
= 0.85 f’c (Ag – Ast) + fy Ast
Modified Load Contour Method Pnb = nominal axial compression at the limit strain states
- Recommended by ACI Design Handbook ( strain at tension side = 0.002 )
Mnbx,Mnby = nominal bending moment about the x- and y-axes,
respectively, at the limit strain state ( strain at
tension side = 0.002 )

Mnx = Pnenx
Mny = Pneny
 INTERIOR COLUMN

FOR THE DESIGN LOAD:

• Using NSCP 2010 Load Combinations
• Wind Load (WL) & Earthquake Load (EL) is
included in the design.

• Use the maximum value

U = 1.2DL + 1.6WL + 1.0LL
U = 1.2DL + 1.6WL + 0.5LR
U = 0.9DL + 1.6WL
U = 1.2DL + 1.0LL + 1.0EL
U = 0.9DL + 1.0EL
U = 1.2DL + 1.6LL

LOAD CARRIED BY THE COLUMN

REACTION OF TRUSS:
• DEAD LOAD
• WIND LOAD
• LIVE LOAD
WEIGHT OF BEAM:
• ROOFDECK, 3RD and 2ND BEAMS
WEIGHT OF COLUMN:
• 3RD, 2ND and Ground Floor Columns
(Assume Size: 400mm x 400mm)
EARTHQUAKE LOAD
 SOLVING FOR LOAD

PU3RD = 1.2DL + 1.0LL + 1.0EL PU3RD = 1.2DL + 1.6

Pu = 1.2(259.71676) + 1.0(194.38) + 1.0(881.250733333333) Pu = 1.2(259.71676)
Pu = 1387.29 kN Pu = 622.67 kN
3RD
FLOOR
PU3RD = 0.9DL + 1.0EL Use the Maximum V
Pu = 0.9(259.71676) + 1.0(881.250733333333) Therefore, 3RD Flo
Pu = 1115.00 kN

PU2ND = 1.2DL + 1.0LL + 1.0EL PU2ND = 1.2DL + 1.6

Pu = 1.2(143.3308) + 1.0(206.424) + 1.0(881.250733333333) Pu = 1.2(143.3308) +
Pu = 1259.67 kN Pu = 502.28 kN
2ND
FLOOR
PU2ND = 0.9DL + 1.0EL Use the Maximum V
Pu = 0.9(143.3308) + 1.0(881.250733333333) Therefore, 2ND Flo
Pu = 1010.25 kN

PUGF = 1.2DL + 1.0LL + 1.0EL PUGF = 1.2DL + 1.6L

Pu = 1.2(6.4192) + 1.0(0) + 1.0(881.250733333333) Pu = 1.2(6.4192) + 1
Pu = 888.95 kN Pu = 7.70 kN
GROUND
FLOOR
PUGF = 0.9DL + 1.0EL Use the Maximum V
Pu = 0.9(6.4192) + 1.0(881.250733333333) Therefore, Ground
Pu = 887.03 kN

Σ OF LOAD
PU = PU3RD + PU2ND + PUGF
PU = 1387.29084533333kN + 1259.67169333333kN + 888.953773333333kN
PU = 3535.92 kN
 LOAD CARRIED BY INTERIOR COLUMN

FOR THIRD FLOOR

DEAD LOAD
Weight of Truss = 23.57 kN
Weight of Beam(Longitudinal) = 84.74 kN
Weight of Beam(Transverse) = 138.57 kN
Self Weight of Column = 12.84 kN
Σ of Dead Load at Third Floor = 259.72 kN
LIVE LOAD
Σ of Live Load at Third Floor = 194.38 kN

FOR SECOND FLOOR

DEAD LOAD
Weight of Beam(Longitudinal) = 84.74 kN
Weight of Beam(Transverse) = 45.75 kN
Self Weight of Column = 12.84 kN
Σ of Dead Load at Second Floor = 143.33 kN
LIVE LOAD
Σ of Live Load at Second Floor = 206.42 kN

FOR GROUND FLOOR

DEAD LOAD
Weight of Beam(Longitudinal) = 0
Weight of Beam(Transverse) = 0
Self Weight of Column = 6.42 kN
Σ of Dead Load at Ground Floor = 6.42 kN
LIVE LOAD
Σ of Live Load at Ground Floor = 0

EARTHQUAKE LOAD
Pex = 252.94 kN
Pey = 628.31 kN
Σ of Earthquake Load 881.25 kN
LVING FOR LOAD

PU3RD = 1.2DL + 1.6LL

Pu = 1.2(259.71676) + 1.6(194.38)
Pu = 622.67 kN

Use the Maximum Value of P for 3RD Floor:

Therefore, 3RD Floor PU = 1387.29 kN

PU2ND = 1.2DL + 1.6LL

Pu = 1.2(143.3308) + 1.6(206.424)
Pu = 502.28 kN

Use the Maximum Value of P for 2ND Floor:

Therefore, 2ND Floor PU = 1259.67 kN

PUGF = 1.2DL + 1.6LL

Pu = 1.2(6.4192) + 1.6(0)
Pu = 7.70 kN

Use the Maximum Value of P for Ground Floor:

Therefore, Ground Floor PU = 888.95 kN
 DESIGN OF INTERIOR COLUMN SQUARE TIED COLUMN
AXIALLY LOADED COLUMN ONLY
f'c 24.0 MPa
fy 276 MPa
PU 3535.916 KN
Moment of Interior Beam (Transverse)
Moment of Interior Beam (Longitudinal)
Factored Moment (MU)
∅ (for Tied Column) 0.65
Assume Limit of Reinforcement: Pg = Ast/Ag → 1% - 8% 0.015
Trial Area: Ag = PU/{0.80∅[0.85f'c(1-Pg)+fyPg]} 280590.867 mm²
For Square Tied Column, Ag = B² ; B =√Ag 529.708 mm

For Required Column Area: try B x B 400 mm x 400 mm

SOLVE FOR THE REINFORCEMENT BARS

From equation; PU = ∅(0.80)[0.85f'c(Ag-Ast)+Astfy)

Ast = [PU - ∅(.80)(.85)f'cAg]/{∅(0.80)[fy-0.85(f'c)]} 13833.49 mm²
Diameter of Bars (DBar): 32 mm
N=AS/ABar 17.200529 pcs.
Use N (Equally Distributed of bars on its sides) 20 pcs.
Use Reinforcement Bars 20 - 32 mm
Tie wire (tw): min of 10 mm for <32 mm bar 6 mm
Clear Cover (C) 40 mm
Clear Spacing: CS = (B -2tw-2C-(N')Dbar)/(N'-1) 23 mm
CS < 150 mm (no additional ties are required) OK
CHECK FOR THE VERTICAL SPACING OF TIE WIRES (S)

Vertical spacing shall not exceed the following:

a. 16 longitudinal bar diameter; S = 16(DBar) 512 mm
b. 48 tie bar/wire diameter; S = 48(tw) 288 mm
c. least dimension of column; S = B 400 mm
Use Spacing (S) 288 mm o. c.

CHECK FOR THE CAPACITY OF THE COLUMN

Actual Gross Area: Ag = B² 160000 mm²

Actual Steel Area: Ast = N(ABar) 16084.95
Ast (Trial) < Ast (Actual) SAFE
Actual Steel Ratio: Pg = Ast/Ag 0.10053
Pg (Trial) < Pg (Actual) SAFE
Actual PU = ∅(0.80)[0.85f'c(Ag-Ast)+Astfy) 3835.1635 KN
PU < PU (Actual) SAFE
 6
10
12
16
20
25
28
32
36
 CORNER COLUMN LOAD CARRIED

FOR THE DESIGN LOAD: FOR TH

• Using NSCP 2010 Load Combinations DE
• Wind Load (WL) & Earthquake Load (EL) is Weight of Truss =
included in the design. Weight of Beam(Longitudinal
• Use the maximum value Weight of Beam(Transverse) =
U = 1.2DL + 1.6WL + 1.0LL Self Weight of Column =
U = 1.2DL + 1.6WL + 0.5LR Σ of Dead Load at Third Flo
U = 0.9DL + 1.6WL LIV
U = 1.2DL + 1.0LL + 1.0EL Σ of Live Load at Third Floo
U = 0.9DL + 1.0EL
U = 1.2DL + 1.6LL FOR SEC
DE
LOAD CARRIED BY THE COLUMN Weight of Beam(Longitudinal
REACTION OF TRUSS: Weight of Beam(Transverse) =
• DEAD LOAD Self Weight of Column =
• WIND LOAD Σ of Dead Load at Second F
• LIVE LOAD LIV
WEIGHT OF BEAM: Σ of Live Load at Second Flo
• ROOFDECK, 3RD and 2ND BEAMS
WEIGHT OF COLUMN: FOR GR
•3RD,
2 ND
and Ground Floor Columns DE
(Assume Size: 400mm x 400mm) Weight of Beam(Longitudinal
EARTHQUAKE LOAD Weight of Beam(Transverse) =
Self Weight of Column =
Σ of Dead Load at Ground F
LIV
Σ of Live Load at Ground F

EARTHQ
Pex =
Pey =
Σ of Earthquake Load

SOLVING FOR LOAD

PU3RD = 1.2DL + 1.0LL + 1.0EL PU3RD = 1.2DL + 1.6LL

Pu = 1.2(548.25236) + 1.0(194.38) + 1.0(826.1725625) Pu = 1.2(548.25236) + 1.6(194.38)
Pu = 1678.46 kN Pu = 968.91 kN
3RD
FLOOR
PU3RD = 0.9DL + 1.0EL Use the Maximum Value of P for 3RD
Pu = 0.9(548.25236) + 1.0(826.1725625) Therefore, 3RD Floor PU = 1678.46
 3RD
FLOOR

PU2ND = 1.2DL + 1.0LL + 1.0EL PU2ND = 1.2DL + 1.6LL

Pu = 1.2(504.9944) + 1.0(206.424) + 1.0(826.1725625) Pu = 1.2(504.9944) + 1.6(206.424)
Pu = 1638.59 kN Pu = 936.27 kN
2ND
FLOOR
PU2ND = 0.9DL + 1.0EL Use the Maximum Value of P for 2N
Pu = 0.9(504.9944) + 1.0(826.1725625) Therefore, 2ND Floor PU = 1638.59
Pu = 1280.67 kN

PUGF = 1.2DL + 1.0LL + 1.0EL PUGF = 1.2DL + 1.6LL

Pu = 1.2(6.4192) + 1.0(0) + 1.0(826.1725625) Pu = 1.2(6.4192) + 1.6(0)
Pu = 833.88 kN Pu = 7.70 kN
GROUND
FLOOR
PUGF = 0.9DL + 1.0EL Use the Maximum Value of P for Gro
Pu = 0.9(6.4192) + 1.0(826.1725625) Therefore, Ground Floor PU = 833
Pu = 831.95 kN

Σ OF LOAD
PU = PU3RD + PU2ND + PUGF
PU = 1678.4553945kN + 1638.5898425kN + 833.8756025kN
PU = 4150.92 kN
 MOMENT AND ECCENTRICITY

Moment Along X-Axis (Longitudinal): Moment A

Dead Load: (From Beam Analysis) Dead Lo

MDLx = 105.19 kN-m M

Live Load: (From Beam Analysis) Live Lo

MLLx = 14.09 kN-m M

Earthquake: (From Seismic Analysis) Earthquak

MEx = 0.00 kN-m M

Factored Moment:
MUx = 1.2MDL + 1.0MLL + 1.0MEL MUy
MUx = 140.31 kN-m M
MUx = 0.9MDL + 1.0MEL M
MUx = 94.67 kN-m M
MUx = 1.2MDL + 1.6MLL M
MUx = 148.76 kN-m M

Use MUx = 148.76 kN-m Use

Eccentricity Along X-Axis: Ecce

ex = MUx/PU
ex = 148.7628kN-m/4150.9208395kN ey = 117.
ex = 35.84 mm
 LOAD CARRIED BY CORNER COLUMN

FOR THIRD FLOOR

DEAD LOAD
eight of Truss = 23.57 kN
eight of Beam(Longitudinal) = 261.36 kN
eight of Beam(Transverse) = 250.49 kN
f Weight of Column = 12.84 kN
of Dead Load at Third Floor = 548.25 kN
LIVE LOAD
of Live Load at Third Floor = 194.38 kN

FOR SECOND FLOOR

DEAD LOAD
eight of Beam(Longitudinal) = 241.67 kN
eight of Beam(Transverse) = 250.49 kN
f Weight of Column = 12.84 kN
of Dead Load at Second Floor = 504.99 kN
LIVE LOAD
of Live Load at Second Floor = 206.42 kN

FOR GROUND FLOOR

DEAD LOAD
eight of Beam(Longitudinal) = 0
eight of Beam(Transverse) = 0
f Weight of Column = 6.42 kN
of Dead Load at Ground Floor = 6.42 kN
LIVE LOAD
of Live Load at Ground Floor = 0

EARTHQUAKE LOAD
237.13 kN
589.04 kN
of Earthquake Load 826.17 kN

DL + 1.6LL
8.25236) + 1.6(194.38)
kN

imum Value of P for 3RD Floor:

3RD Floor PU = 1678.46 kN
DL + 1.6LL
4.9944) + 1.6(206.424)
kN

imum Value of P for 2ND Floor:

2ND Floor PU = 1638.59 kN

DL + 1.6LL
192) + 1.6(0)
N

imum Value of P for Ground Floor:

Ground Floor PU = 833.88 kN
CITY

Moment Along Y-Axis (Transverse):

Dead Load: (From Beam Analysis)

MDLy = 82.37 kN-m

Live Load: (From Beam Analysis)

MLLy = 11.55 kN-m

Earthquake: (From Seismic Analysis)

MEy = 0.00 kN-m

Factored Moment:
MUy = 1.2DL + 1.0LL + 1.0EL
MUy = 110.39 kN-m
MUy = 0.9DL + 1.0EL
MUy = 74.13 kN-m
MUy = 1.2DL + 1.6LL
MUy = 117.33 kN-m

Use MUy = 117.33 kN-m

Eccentricity Along X-Axis:

ey = MUy/PU
ey = 117.326kN-m/4150.9208395kN
ey = 28.27 mm
 DESIGN OF COLUMN

DESIGN OF CORNER COLUMN

Along Transverse & Longitudinal: Bending in One SQUARE TIED COLUMN ONLY
Direction

f'c 27.6 MPa

fy 276.0 MPa
Es 200000 MPa
ex 35.84 mm
ey 28.27 mm
PU 4150.921 KN
Beta (β) factor 0.85
CONDITION: *(Area & Reinforcement bars are constant)
Square Column: Area (B x B) 450 mm x 450 mm
Use Reinforcement Bars 12 - 35 mm
As 11545.353 mm
As1 = As/2 5772.677 mm
Clear Cover (C) 110 mm
Tie wire (tw): min of 10 mm for <32 mm 10 mm
d' = C + 0.5DBar 137 mm
d = H-d' 314 mm
Assume: Balanced Condition
cb = 600d/(fy+600) 214.73 mm
a = βc 183 mm
Cc = 0.85f'c(a)(b) 1926.833 KN
fs' = 600(c - d')/c 218.584
If fs' > fy ; use fs' = fy 219 MPa
Cs= As1(fs') 1261.813 KN
T = As1(fy) 1593.259 KN
∑FV = 0 ↑+
Pbn = Cc + Cs - T 1595.388 KN

x1 = (B-2d')/2 89 mm
∑MT = 0 (clockwise +)
Pbn (x) = Cc(d-a/2) + Cs(d-d')
x = [Cc(d-a/2) + Cs(d-d')]/Pbn 408.40 mm
eb = x - x1 319.90 mm
if eb > eux (Compression controls) Compression controls
Assume: Compression bars will yield
fs' = fy
Cc = 0.85f'c(βc)(b) ; (unknown value of c) 8973.4500 (c)
Cs = As1(fs') 1593258.7143 N
fs = 600(d-c)/c
T = As1(fs) 3463605.901 (d-c)/c
Considering (ey = 0)
∑FV = 0 ↑+
Pnx = Cc + Cs - T → eq. 1
∑MT = 0 (clockwise +)
Pnx(x1+eux) = Cc(d-a/2)+Cs(d-d') →eq. 2
Solve "c" manually by 2 eq.-2 unknown
c= 393.7 mm
a = βc 334.645 mm
Pnx (x1+eux) = Cc(d-a/2) + Cs(d-d') 2298.82 KN.m
Pnx = Cc + Cs - T 2298.82 KN.m
Pnx1-Pnx2=0→(the value of c is correct) 0
CHECK DUCTILITY
Єy = fy/Es 0.0013800
Єs = 0.003(d-c)/c -0.000611
ЄS > Єy (Tension Steel yields) Does not yield
Єs' = 0.003(c- d')/c 0.001960
Єs' > Єy (Compression Steel yields) OK
Assume: Compression bars will yield
if eb > euy (Compression controls) Tension controls
fs' = fy
Cc = 0.85f'c(βc)(b) ; (unknown value of c) 3532847.2650 (c)
Cs = As1(fs') 1593258.714 N
fs = 600(d-c)/c
T = As1(fs) 3463605.901 (d-c)/c
Considering (ey = 0)
∑FV = 0 ↑+
Pny = Cc + Cs - T → eq. 1
∑MT = 0 (clockwise +)
Pny(x1+euy) = Cc(d-a/2)+Cs(d-d') →eq. 2
Solve "c" manually by 2 eq.-2 unknown
c= 391.50 mm
a = βc 332.775 mm
Pny (x1+euy) = Cc(d-a/2) + Cs(d-d') 1385393.03 KN
Pnx = Cc + Cs - T 1385393.03 KN
Pnx-Pnx2=0→(the value of c is correct) 0
 CHECK DUCTILITY
Єy = fy/Es 0.0013800
Єs = 0.003(d-c)/c -0.000598
ЄS > Єy (Tension Steel yields) Does not yield
Єs' = 0.003(c- d')/c 0.001954
ЄS' > Єy (Compression Steel yields) OK
CHECK THE CAPACITY OF THE COLUMN
Po = 0.85f'c(Ag-Ast)+Astfy 13254.7 KN
Bresler's Reciprocal Load Equation:
(1/Pn)=(1/Pnx)+(1/Pny)+(1/Po)
Pn = PnxPnyPo/(PnyPo + PnxPo + PnxPny) 13005.804 KN
Actual PU = ∅Pn 11705.223 KN
PU < PU (Actual) SAFE
CHECK FOR THE VERTICAL SPACING OF TIE WIRES (S)
Vertical spacing shall not exceed the ff.;
a. 16 longitudinal bar; S = 16(DBar) 560 mm
b. 48 tie bar/wire diameter; S = 48(tw) 480 mm
c. least dimension of column; S = B 450 mm
Use Spacing (S) 450 mm o. c.
 EXTERIOR COLUMN LOAD CARRIED BY EX

FOR THE DESIGN LOAD: FOR THIRD

• Using NSCP 2010 Load Combinations DEAD L
• Wind Load (WL) & Earthquake Load (EL) is Weight of Truss =
included in the design. Weight of Beam(Longitudinal) =
• Use the maximum value Weight of Beam(Transverse) =
U = 1.2DL + 1.6WL + 1.0LL Self Weight of Column =
U = 1.2DL + 1.6WL + 0.5LR Σ of Dead Load at Third Floor =
U = 0.9DL + 1.6WL LIVE LO
U = 1.2DL + 1.0LL + 1.0EL Σ of Live Load at Third Floor =
U = 0.9DL + 1.0EL
U = 1.2DL + 1.6LL FOR SECON
DEAD L
LOAD CARRIED BY THE COLUMN Weight of Beam(Longitudinal) =
REACTION OF TRUSS: Weight of Beam(Transverse) =
• DEAD LOAD Self Weight of Column =
• WIND LOAD Σ of Dead Load at Second Floor =
• LIVE LOAD LIVE LO
WEIGHT OF BEAM: Σ of Live Load at Second Floor =
• ROOFDECK, 3RD and 2ND BEAMS
WEIGHT OF COLUMN: FOR GROUN
• 3RD, 2ND and Ground Floor Columns DEAD L
(Assume Size: 400mm x 400mm) Weight of Beam(Longitudinal) =
EARTHQUAKE LOAD Weight of Beam(Transverse) =
Self Weight of Column =
Σ of Dead Load at Ground Floor =
LIVE LO
Σ of Live Load at Ground Floor =

EARTHQUAK
Pex =
Pey =
Σ of Earthquake Load
 SOLVING FOR LOAD

PU3RD = 1.2DL + 1.0LL + 1.0EL PU3RD = 1.2DL + 1.6LL

Pu = 1.2(623.15236) + 1.0(194.38) + 1.0(826.1725625) Pu = 1.2(623.15236) + 1.6(194.38)
Pu = 1768.34 kN Pu = 1058.79 kN
3RD
FLOOR
PU3RD = 0.9DL + 1.0EL Use the Maximum Value of P for 3RD Floo
Pu = 0.9(623.15236) + 1.0(826.1725625) Therefore, 3RD Floor PU = 1768.34 kN
Pu = 1387.01 kN

PU2ND = 1.2DL + 1.0LL + 1.0EL PU2ND = 1.2DL + 1.6LL

Pu = 1.2(613.7064) + 1.0(206.424) + 1.0(826.1725625) Pu = 1.2(613.7064) + 1.6(206.424)
Pu = 1769.04 kN Pu = 1066.73 kN
2ND
FLOOR
PU2ND = 0.9DL + 1.0EL Use the Maximum Value of P for 2ND Flo
Pu = 0.9(613.7064) + 1.0(826.1725625) Therefore, 2ND Floor PU = 1769.04 kN
Pu = 1378.51 kN

PUGF = 1.2DL + 1.0LL + 1.0EL PUGF = 1.2DL + 1.6LL

Pu = 1.2(6.4192) + 1.0(0) + 1.0(826.1725625) Pu = 1.2(6.4192) + 1.6(0)
Pu = 833.88 kN Pu = 7.70 kN
GROUND
FLOOR
PUGF = 0.9DL + 1.0EL Use the Maximum Value of P for Ground F
Pu = 0.9(6.4192) + 1.0(826.1725625) Therefore, Ground Floor PU = 833.88 kN
Pu = 831.95 kN

Σ OF LOAD
PU = PU3RD + PU2ND + PUGF
PU = 1768.3353945kN + 1769.0442425kN + 833.8756025kN
PU = 4371.26 kN
 MOMENT AND ECCENTRICITY

Moment Along X-Axis (Longitudinal): Moment Along

Dead Load: (From Beam Analysis) Dead Load: (F

MDLx = 105.19 kN-m MDLy

. Live Load: (F
MLLx = 14.09 kN-m MLLy

Earthquake: (From Seismic Analysis) Earthquake: (F

MEx = 0.00 kN-m MEy

Factored Moment: Facto

MUx = 1.2MDL + 1.0MLL + 1.0MEL MUy = 1.2
MUx = 140.32 kN-m MUy =
MUx = 0.9MDL + 1.0MEL MUy =
MUx = 94.67 kN-m MUy
MUx = 1.2MDL + 1.6MLL MUy =
MUx = 148.77 kN-m MUy =

Use MUx = 148.77 kN-m Use MUy

Eccentricity Along X-Axis: Eccentric

ex = MUx/PU ey
ex = 148.772kN-m/4371.2552395kN ey = 117.324k
ex = 34.03 mm ey =
 CARRIED BY EXTERIOR COLUMN

FOR THIRD FLOOR

DEAD LOAD
s= 23.57 kN
m(Longitudinal) = 252.04 kN
m(Transverse) = 334.71 kN
Column = 12.84 kN
d at Third Floor = 623.15 kN
LIVE LOAD
d at Third Floor = 194.38 kN

FOR SECOND FLOOR

DEAD LOAD
m(Longitudinal) = 244.26 kN
m(Transverse) = 356.61 kN
Column = 12.84 kN
d at Second Floor = 613.71 kN
LIVE LOAD
d at Second Floor = 206.42 kN

FOR GROUND FLOOR

DEAD LOAD
m(Longitudinal) = 0
m(Transverse) = 0
Column = 6.42 kN
d at Ground Floor = 6.42 kN
LIVE LOAD
d at Ground Floor = 0

EARTHQUAKE LOAD
237.13 kN
589.04 kN
826.17 kN
1.6(194.38)

e of P for 3RD Floor:

PU = 1768.34 kN

6(206.424)

e of P for 2ND Floor:

PU = 1769.04 kN

0)

e of P for Ground Floor:

oor PU = 833.88 kN
Moment Along Y-Axis (Transverse):

Dead Load: (From Beam Analysis)

MDLy = 82.37 kN-m

Live Load: (From Beam Analysis)

MLLy = 11.55 kN-m

Earthquake: (From Seismic Analysis)

MEy = 0.00 kN-m

Factored Moment:
MUy = 1.2DL + 1.0LL + 1.0EL
MUy = 110.39 kN-m
MUy = 0.9DL + 1.0EL
MUy = 74.13 kN-m
MUy = 1.2DL + 1.6LL
MUy = 117.32 kN-m

Use MUy = 117.32 kN-m

Eccentricity Along X-Axis:

ey = MUy/PU
ey = 117.324kN-m/4371.2552395kN
ey = 26.84 mm
 DESIGN OF COLUMN
DESIGN OFEXTERIOR (LONGITUDINAL) COLUMN
Along Transverse & Longitudinal: Bending in One
SQUARE TIED COLUMN ONLY
Direction

f'c 27.6 MPa

fy 276.0 MPa
Es 200000 MPa
ex 34.03 mm
ey 26.84 mm
PU 4371.255 KN
Beta (β) factor 0.85
CONDITION: *(Area & Reinforcement bars are constant)
Square Column: Area (B x B) 450 mm x 450 mm
Use Reinforcement Bars 12 - 32 mm
As 9650.973 mm
As1 = As/2 4825.486 mm
Clear Cover (C) 110 mm
Tie wire (tw): min of 10 mm for <32 mm 10 mm
d' = C + 0.5DBar 135 mm
d = H-d' 315 mm
Assume: Balanced Condition
cb = 600d/(fy+600) 215.75 mm
a = βc 183 mm
Cc = 0.85f'c(a)(b) 1936.053 KN
fs' = 600(c - d')/c 224.571
If fs' > fy ; use fs' = fy 225 MPa
Cs= As1(fs') 1083.666 KN
T = As1(fy) 1331.834 KN
∑FV = 0 ↑+
Pbn = Cc + Cs - T 1687.885 KN
x1 = (B-2d')/2 90 mm
∑MT = 0 (clockwise +)
Pbn (x) = Cc(d-a/2) + Cs(d-d')
x = [Cc(d-a/2) + Cs(d-d')]/Pbn 371.70 mm
eb = x - x1 281.70 mm
if eb > eux (Compression controls) Compression controls
Assume: Compression bars will yield
fs' = fy
Cc = 0.85f'c(βc)(b) ; (unknown value of c) 8973.4500 (c)
Cs = As1(fs') 133183.4223 N
fs = 600(d-c)/c
T = As1(fs) 2895291.790 (d-c)/c
Considering (ey = 0)
∑FV = 0 ↑+
Pnx = Cc + Cs - T → eq. 1
∑MT = 0 (clockwise +)
Pnx(x1+eux) = Cc(d-a/2)+Cs(d-d') →eq. 2
Solve "c" manually by 2 eq.-2 unknown
c= 393.7 mm
a = βc 334.645 mm
Pnx (x1+eux) = Cc(d-a/2) + Cs(d-d') 711.95 KN.m
Pnx = Cc + Cs - T 711.95 KN.m
Pnx1-Pnx2=0→(the value of c is correct) 0
CHECK DUCTILITY
Єy = fy/Es 0.0013800
Єs = 0.003(d-c)/c -0.000600
ЄS > Єy (Tension Steel yields) Does not yield
Єs' = 0.003(c- d')/c 0.003000
Єs' > Єy (Compression Steel yields) OK
Assume: Compression bars will yield
if eb > euy (Compression controls) Tension controls
fs' = fy
Cc = 0.85f'c(βc)(b) ; (unknown value of c) 3532847.2650 (c)
Cs = As1(fs') 133183.422 N
fs = 600(d-c)/c
T = As1(fs) 2895291.790 (d-c)/c
Considering (ey = 0)
∑FV = 0 ↑+
Pny = Cc + Cs - T → eq. 1
∑MT = 0 (clockwise +)
Pny(x1+euy) = Cc(d-a/2)+Cs(d-d') →eq. 2
Solve "c" manually by 2 eq.-2 unknown
c= 391.50 mm
a = βc 332.775 mm
Pny (x1+euy) = Cc(d-a/2) + Cs(d-d') 1383808.63 KN
Pnx = Cc + Cs - T 1383808.63 KN
Pnx-Pnx2=0→(the value of c is correct) 0
 CHECK DUCTILITY
Єy = fy/Es 0.0013800
Єs = 0.003(d-c)/c -0.000600
ЄS > Єy (Tension Steel yields) Does not yield
Єs' = 0.003(c- d')/c 0.001966
Єs' > Єy (Compression Steel yields) OK
CHECK THE CAPACITY OF THE COLUMN
Pn 1383808.6 KN
Actual PU = ∅Pn 899475.6123 KN.m
PU < PU (Actual) SAFE
CHECK FOR MOMENT
MU = PU(eux) 30612.8968602
MUX < MU (Actual) SAFE
CHECK FOR THE VERTICAL SPACING OF TIE WIRES (S)
Vertical spacing shall not exceed the following:
a. 16 longitudinal bar diameter; S = 16(DBar) 512 mm
b. 48 tie bar/wire diameter; S = 48(tw) 480 mm
c. least dimension of column; S = B 450 mm
Use Spacing (S) 450 mm o. c.
 Steel Ratio: NSCP 2010 Specs: 100
0.01 850
0.015 800 4
0.02 750 5
0.025 700 6
0.03 650 7
0.035 600 8
0.04 550 9
0.045 500 10
0.05 450 11
0.055 400 12
0.06 350 13
0.065 300 14
0.07 250 15
0.075 200 16
0.08 1 4 150
50 2 4 100
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350 8 8
400 9 12
450 10 12
500 11 12
550 12 12
600 13 16
650 14 16
700 15 16
750 16 16
800 17 20
18 20
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20 20
Philippines Standard Near ASTM Nominal Sectional Dimention
Designation Designation Area 453 Dimention
300 310
6 mm #2 301 310
10 mm #3 302 310
12 mm #4 303 310
16 mm #5 304 310
20 mm #6 305 310
25 mm #8 306 310
28 mm #9 307 310
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