Deccan Education Society’s

BRIHAN MAHARASHTRA COLLEGE OF COMMERCE

(AUTONOMOUS)

Survey Report On
“SURVEY REPORT ON STOCK MARKET AWARENESS
AMONG SENIOR COLLEGE STUDENTS IN PUNE CITY”

PRESENTED BY
YASH DINESH PATEKAR
SHARVARI SUHAS PATIL
RAJSHREE RAMDAS SHETE

M.COM (PART – II )
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF
DR. JAGDISH R. LANJEKAR

GROUP NAME : FINANCIAL REPRESENTERS

 Survey Report On

“SURVEY REPORT ON STOCK MARKET AWARENESS AMONG

SENIOR COLLEGE STUDENTS IN PUNE CITY ”
SUBMITTED TO
Deccan Education Society’s
BRIHAN MAHARASHTRA COLLEGE OF COMMERCE
(AUTONOMOUS)

IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE

AWARD OF DEGREE OF
MASTER OF COMMERCE
PREPARED BY
YASH DINESH PATEKAR ( Roll no: 39 )
SHARVARI SUHAS PATIL ( Roll no: 43 )
RAJSHREE RAMDAS SHETE ( Roll no: 51 )
M.COM (PART – II ) DIV: A

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

DR. JAGDISH R. LANJEKAR

1
 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

INTRODUCTION OF THE PROJECT:

Stock market is known as a pulse of economy or economic mirror, which reflects the economic
conditions of a country. Investors are believed to be the backbone of the securities market. Their
education and awareness, therefore, hold the key to reviving and sustaining their interests in the
securities market. Stock market awareness comes under the broader concept of financial literacy.
This study is an attempt to assess the awareness of youth about various aspects of stock market
including concepts, products, processes, institutions etc. The results of the study reveal that the
sample youth possess low to moderate level of stock market knowledge and the awareness level is
not significantly different among different sample groups based on the discipline they are
studying.

The Indian economy has expanded at a breakneck pace over the last decade. The corporate sector
is playing an important role in this development. During this time, India has also seen a
significant increase in foreign investment. As the establishment of Indian multinationals on the
global corporate arena. The capital market and its expansion have played a significant role in
boosting corporate sector growth over the last decade. Certain Indian corporations now have
market capitalizations that place them among the top companies in the world, thanks to the
expansion of the capital market. The low level of participation of retail investors in the corporate
economy, on the other hand, continues to be a source of concern. The total number of retail
investors in India is estimated to be less than 1% of the total population.The country of India
Households are rapidly shifting their investments to low-yielding fixed-return instruments or non-
financial assets that are risk-free. The lack of understanding of financial concepts and products by
households has a direct impact on their use of financial markets. Financial literacy influences both
individuals' ability to achieve their financial goals and the efficient distribution of household
savings. When compared to the results of scientific investigation, investors frequently rely on
guesswork or seek advice from friends and family, which are generally poor approximations.
They are more likely to make poor decisions, contribute insufficiently, begin saving late, avoid
modern finance, or become victims of fraud or mis-selling. If they receive incorrect guidance, the
results will be disastrous, and they will lose faith in the system. In the past, investors have let
others destroy their wealth. Small investors have long played an important role in the financial
market. However, there is an increasing demand for them to play a more prominent role. Our
population invests directly in the stock market less than 1% of the time, with the remaining 2-3%
investing through mutual funds. Worse, only about 2% of household savings are invested in
stocks. Every earner has the ability to save, savers have the ability to invest, and investors should
be financially literate. Wealth creation for the investor will remain a distant dream unless the

2
average person becomes a wiser investor and is protected against risk. A country of savers must
be transformed into a country of investors.

Individuals must be empowered in order to make sound decisions. Educating people about money
is a public good. The government, regulators, and financial services industry must collaborate to
improve financial literacy and provide factual information in simple formats. Investing in various
types of assets is a fun activity that appeals to people from all walks of life, regardless of
occupation, economic status, education, or family background. When a person has more money
than he needs for daily living expenses, he is referred to as a potential investor. If an investor has
extra cash, he can invest it in securities or other assets such as gold or real estate, or he can simply
deposit it in his bank account. At the moment, investors have a wide range of investment options
to suit their needs and nature. Knowledge of the various avenues enables investors to make
informed investment decisions. The investor's choice is determined by the required rate of return
and risk tolerance. National savings certificates, Indira Vikas Patra, Kisan Vikas Patra, provident
fund, mutual fund schemes, insurance schemes, chits, bank fixed deposits, company fixed
deposits, company shares, bonds /debentures, government securities, postal savings schemes, and
real estate are some of the investment options. The emerging investment scenario clearly
demonstrates that investor preferences for new saving instruments are changing.

It has been observed that during this period, the investing public has shifted from traditional to
new debt and equity base schemes, with the most notable change in the people's investment
behavior being a shift towards shares and debentures from traditionally used savings instruments
such as NSCs, LIC policies, bank and postal deposits, and so on. Investment decisions are still
complicated because there are numerous factors to consider when selecting an equity or a stock to
invest in or trade in. These socioeconomic, demographic, and behavioural factors all play a role in
investment decisions. As the probabilities of returns are a concern, there is always something that
is underpinning an investment decision making process. The majority of investors are uneasy
about managing their stock market investments because it is difficult to identify companies with
promising growth prospects. Even after identifying growth-oriented companies and their
securities, trading practices are complex, making it difficult for investors to trade in all exchanges
and follow up on post-trade formalities. As a result, this is critical for stock dealers, particularly
those who are new to the market. Few factors influence equity investment decisions, including
good corporate earnings, stock marketability, stock affordability, dividend announcements, price
earnings ratio, momentum effect, contrarian effect, FII investment behaviour, firm reputation,
socially responsible investing.

3
 INDEX

Sr. No. Content Page no.

1 Introduction 5

2 Research Methodology 8

3 Objectives 11

4 Literature Review 13
Information about stock market
5 15
trading and Investments

6 Date Analysis and Interpretation 29

7 Findings 56

8 Suggestions 59

9 Conclusion 61

10 Bibliography 64

11 Annexure 66

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 CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION TO PROJRCT

5
 INTRODUCTION TO THE PROJECT
Introduction of the project from the standpoint of the students, individual, business, and country's
growth, investment is a significant aspect. The term "financial market" refers to a wide range of
investment options. Some conservative investors prefer to stick to a few tried-and-true investment
tools, while others are willing to take calculated risks. This is evidenced by the rising number of
equities investing participants in recent years. A perfect investment is only one that meets all of an
investor's criteria and needs, which is rarely the case. As a result, the first step in finding the ideal
investment is to consider the investor's requirements. If an investment meets all of these criteria, it
is said to be a perfect investment.

In India, there are two types of financial markets: (i) money market and (ii) the capital market. The
money market is a market for short-term financial products with maturities of less than a year.
Medium and long-term instruments are traded on the capital market. It makes it easier to trade such
instruments. It includes shares, debentures, bonds, etc. The securities market consists of both the
primary market and the stock market. The primary market deals with the arrangements made for
raising new funds by corporates. Companies raise funds in the primary market through IPOs,
private placement, rights issue, offer through prospectus, etc. the secondary market provides a
forum for trading existing shares and debentures. A stock market is a place where people can buy
and sell stocks. It's a market where you can cash in your existing stock. Stock markets are essential
for mobilizing long-term funds and ensuring share and debenture liquidity. A share is a unit that
indicates a company's ownership. The stock market is often referred to as the equity or share
market. It is a trading platform where publicly traded corporations, privately held companies, and
other financial actor’s trade. The stock exchange is a component of the stock market. The trading
of securities between investors takes place inside a stock exchange. It is a place where stock
brokers and traders can buy and sell securities. It is an organized market. The transactions in the
stock exchange are regulated by the laws and rules established by the concerned authorities of the
stock exchange. In India, the stock exchange is regulated by SEBI. Stock exchanges are
barometers for measuring the economic efficiency of a nation. It provides a ready and continuous
market for shares and other securities. It is necessary to regulate the stock exchange to ensure that
fraudulent activities are prevented and small investors are protected. Stock exchanges include
different types of securities like bonds, debentures, derivatives, etc. Financial innovation has
brought in a lot of new and flexible financial instruments. The project “SURVEY REPORT ON
STOCK MARKET AWARENESS AMONG SENIOR COLLEGE STUDENTS ” is an attempt to
gain a better understanding of the instruments being traded in the stock exchange, the investors in
the stock exchange, the awareness of the students about the stock exchange and also to understand
the diversity of instruments in the Indian stock market.

A stock market is the aggregation of buyers and sellers of stocks (also called shares); these may
include securities listed on a stock exchange as well as those only traded privately. It is a reliable
barometer to measure the economic condition of a country. It plays an integral role in a financial
system. It offers attractive opportunities of investment in various securities. These attractive
opportunities encourage people to save more and invest in securities of corporate sector rather than
investing in unproductive assets such as gold, silver etc. It is one of the most important ways for
companies to raise money, along with debt markets, which are generally more imposing but do not
trade publicly. The shift from defined benefit to defined contribution plans has meant that investors

6
today have to decide both how much they need to save for future and how to allocate their wealth.
The investors must possess the required awareness about risk–return profile of different securities,
concept of how stock market functions, precautions, which should be taken while dealing with
market intermediaries and the practices as well as their rights and obligations. In order to create
awareness among investors all over the country, SEBI has taken a number of steps to increase
awareness among people about investing in the securities market. A number of researchers have
contended stock market awareness to be an important component of financial literacy. The
importance of financial education (of which stock market awareness is an inseparable part) has
improved in recent years due to the developments in financial markets as well as demographic,
economic and policy changes. More and more financial markets are becoming more sophisticated
and new products are continuously offered. The customers have now greater access towards a
variety of credit and savings instruments provided by a range of entities from online banks,
brokerage firms and community-based groups. Moreover, changes in retirement benefit schemes
and increase in life expectancy have increased the thoughts of consumers towards better and
efficient savings management. Thus, as a sequel to this, a variety of steps have been undertaken by
various agencies in India in the area of enhancing awareness about financial products, banking
concepts, stock market trading etc.

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 CHAPTER 2

RESEARCH AND METHODOLOGY

8
What is Research?

The art of scientific investigation is known as research. According to the advanced learner's
dictionary of current English, "research is a careful investigation or equity, particularly through
the search for new facts in any brand of knowledge," so research is the pursuit of truth through
study, observation, comparison, and experiments.

Methodology
Survey method was adopted for the study. Survey work with a structured questionnaire was
administered to collect primary data. This study is totally based on Primary data collected from
the respondent. The purpose of research methodology section is to describe the procedure for
conducting the study. It includes Research design, Sample unit, Sample size, Sampling technique,
Tools for data collection, Statistical tools, sources of data & Procedure of analysis of research
instrument.

Research design
The research design specifies the course of action to be taken in connection with a proposed
research project. It only serves as a guideline for the researcher to ensure that he is moving in the
right direction to achieve his objectives. The research design used in this study was a descriptive
research design

Data collection:
Both primary and secondary sources of data were used to conduct this study. The primary source
of data was collected from the participants using a questionnaire. The secondary source of data
includes information collected from the internet, journals, and textbooks which were used to
support the primary data. The sampling method used for data collection from a sample size of 42
participants, is convenience sampling. The data collected was then converted into tables and
charts to enable analysis. The Percentage method was used to analyze the data.

Statistical tools:
Various statistical tools, such as Column Diagrams, were used to represent the data. These
statistical tools have been extremely useful in understanding the results of the analysis.

Data sources:
Primary data: Structured Questionnaire
Secondary data: sources include newspapers, television, the internet, journals, and magazines.

Design of sampling:
One of the most fundamental concepts underlying any research work is sampling. Most research
studies attempt to generalise or draw conclusions about the population based on their study of a
subset of the population known as the sample. The sample data enables the researcher to estimate

9
the population parameters correctly. Essentially, my sample consists of both retail and corporate
investors. Based on this sampling, I created my project and finally arrived at the findings and
conclusion.

Elements:
The investors were the components of this project

Sample units:
Data was collected from various locations using a sampling unit. The scope or area of the research
was the extent

Sampling strategy:
Random sampling was used to identify respondents from different areas at different times; data
was collected from various locations, so there is very little chance of data duplication.

Sampling Frame:
The list of respondents is referred to as the sampling frame. The list of respondents in this study
could include people who have Demat accounts at various banks. There are two types of sampling
methods: proportional sampling and disproportional sampling. Proportional sampling is when the
researcher can cover all of the respondents in the sampling frame, whereas disproportional
sampling is when the researcher cannot cover all of the respondents in his sampling frame.
The sampling technique is classified into two types. One is a probability sampling technique, and
the other is a non-probability sampling technique. In terms of Sampling Technique, The Investors
filed a nicely prepared Questionnaire when dealing with their queries. Because most corporate
investors do not have enough time to fill out the form, it was found to be more convenient to fill
out the information.

Scope of the project

• This research will help us understand how the stock market works and how it influences client
behaviour.
• We will be able to interact with clients and learn about their attitudes toward financial
instruments as a result of this research.
• It will assist us in investigating the equity market and the operation of mutual funds.

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 CHAPTER 3

OBJECTIVE OF SURVEY

11
 PROJECT TITLE

Survey Report on the stock market awareness among the selected senior college
students

There are several objectives driving this project.

The Primary Objectives:
• The core aim is to evaluate the depth and breadth of understanding that senior college students
possess regarding the stock market. This includes basic terminology, the functioning of stock
exchanges, key market indices, and the role of regulatory bodies.
• To find out where students are getting their information about the stock market. This could
include academic courses, news media, online resources, family, or peers.
• To determine the percentage of senior college students actively participating in the stock
market through direct investments, mutual funds, or other financial instruments.

The Secondary Objectives:

• Identifying what students perceive as barriers to entering the stock market, such as lack of
capital, knowledge, or trust in financial institutions.
• Assessing whether there is a demand for more education or resources on financial literacy and
stock market fundamentals among college students.
• analyzing whether there's a significant difference in stock market awareness and participation
among students based on factors like age, gender, academic major, and socio-economic
background.
• Investigating if students from commerce or business-related fields have higher awareness and
participation levels in the stock market compared to students from non-commerce
backgrounds.
• Investigating if students from commerce or business-related fields have higher awareness and
participation levels in the stock market compared to students from non-commerce
backgrounds.

How did you carry out this project?

We conducted a survey among the students of senior colleges. Many stock market student
investors base their investment decisions on biased viewpoints, which leads to errors. However,
such student investors are unwilling to abandon the myths in which they have traditionally
believed unless they are explained why their beliefs are illogically supported. It is critical for
investors to maintain a realistic understanding of market jargon. Their perspectives aided us
greatly in practically understanding our project.

12
 CHAPTER 4
LITERATURE REVIEW

13
Literature Review
Awais M (2016) conducted a study to determine the factors that influence an investor's decision-
making process and discovered that a high level of knowledge about financial information and its
analysis improves an investor's risk-taking capacity.
• According to Sangeeta Jauhari (2015), an investor's investment pattern is primarily determined by
their age, educational level, source of income, and investment options available in the stock
market.
• Sadiq Muhammad (2019) The impact of corporate governance and investor confidence on
corporate investment decisions has been studied, and it has been discovered that there is a
significant impact of investor confidence on corporate investment decisions in both countries, and
that investment levels are higher in firms with good corporate governance practises.
N.S.V.N Raju (2016) conducted a study to identify the factors influencing investors' attitudes
toward investment and discovered that the top five highly influential factors for investors were
what the company does, the valuation of the company's stock, the company's annual reports, and
the price to earnings ratio. Is the company profitable?
• According to U. Raghavendra Prasad (2016), investors are bullish by nature. The main reasons for
investing are the rate of return, capital appreciation, and investment security.
D. Harikanth and B. Pragathi (2013) discovered that risk-taking capacity and educational
qualification of investors are factors that influence investment selection.
• Mittal M and Vyas (2008) discovered that income, marital status, and education all have an
impact on people's investment decisions.
• Piyatrapoomi, N. (2004) Decision-making frameworks include political, social, environmental,
and economic factors, but incomplete information about these factors creates risk and uncertainty
in decision making.
According to M. Jaya (2017), the main reasons for investing in stock markets are the return on
investment, tax benefits, and liquidity. To avoid risk, investors have adopted a strategy of not
investing in risky areas and instead focusing on portfolio investment.
• According to Gnani Dharmaja (2012), financial literacy, investor financial tolerance, and
accounting information all influence investor behaviour.
• Bhardwaj (2003) summarised the literature on globalisation; he discovered that the pervasiveness
of the West's perception of the world has an impact on Indian investors, influencing the trends in
investor choice.
Singh (2006) examined how the majority of investors base their investment decisions on the advice
of professionals and financial advisors. Muttapan (2006) concluded that tax exemption is one of
the factors influencing people to invest in mutual funds.
• According to Sujit and Amrit (1996), the main factor influencing the salaried and business class
groups to invest in mutual funds was tax benefits.

14
 CHAPTER 5
INFORMATION ABOUT STOCK MARKET TRADING
AND INVESTMENT

15
Introduction to Investment
" Investing is the intersection of economics and psychology" - Seth Klarman's

In general, investment is the use of money to make more money. Savings made through delayed
consumption are also considered investments. According to economics, investment is the use of
resources to increase future income or production output.
Investments include money deposited in a bank and machinery purchased with the expectation of
earning money in the long run. Although the term has a broad general definition,
Investment has slightly different connotations in different industrial sectors.
Economists define investment as any physical or tangible asset, such as a building or machinery
and equipment.
Finance professionals, on the other hand, define an investment as money used to purchase
financial assets such as stocks, bonds, bullion, real estate, and precious items.
The practise of investing, according to finance, refers to the purchase of a financial product or any
valuable item with the expectation of receiving positive returns in the future. The most important
aspect of financial investments is that they have a high return.

Characteristics of Investment: Investment characteristics include:

• Return
• Risk
• Safety
• Liquidity
Return:
The amount of money gained or lost on an investment over time. Capital appreciation is the
difference between the sale and purchase prices. The yield is the dividend or interest received
from the investment.
Different types of investments offer varying rates of return. The return on an investment is
determined by the type of investment, the maturity period, and other factors.
Risk:
Risk is the possibility of failing to reach the desired destination; this deviation from the desired
outcome is risk. In finance, the terms risk and uncertainty are used interchangeably. The
difference between the expected and actual outcome is defined as risk. Risk is the possibility of
not receiving the expected return. Risk is defined as the difference between the expected and
actual return on an investment. Risk is the possibility of varying returns. High risk, low risk, and
medium risk are the three types of investment situations.

Safety:

16
Investment safety refers to the certainty of a capital return with no loss of money or time. Another
factor that an investor looks for in his investments is security. Every investor expects his money to
be returned to him at the end of the term, without loss or delay.

Liquidity:
The efficiency or ease with which an asset or security can be converted into ready cash without
affecting its market price is referred to as liquidity. Cash is the most liquid asset of all
Why to Invest
Fight Inflation - Investing allows one to prepare for the unavoidable — rising living costs, also
known as inflation.
Create Wealth –
By investing, one can hope to have a larger corpus at the end of the specified time period. The
time period in the preceding example was from birth to retirement, but it could be anything -
children's schooling, marriage, home purchase, retirement vacations, and so on.
To achieve one's life financial goals
How to Invest in the Stock Exchange :
• To begin investing, one must first open a trading account with a broker or a stock brokerage
platform. A trading account allows you to place buy and sell orders.

• Your broker or stock brokerage platform will open a Demat account for you.

• Your financial securities are held in a Demat account, and your bank account is linked to
these two accounts.

• You must present Know Your Customer (KYC) documentation to open a trading and Demat
account, which includes verification using government-issued identification cards such as
your PAN card or Aadhar card

• Most brokers and brokerage platforms now offer an online KYC process that allows you to
open an account in a matter of days by submitting your verification information
electronically.

• After you open an account, you can trade with your broker or brokerage firm online via a
portal or over the phone.

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India's Major Stock Exchanges
In India, the majority of trades are conducted on the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) and the
National Stock Exchange (NSE)

• National Stock Exchange (NSE)

The National Stock Exchange of India (NSE) is the country's largest stock exchange, where you
can buy and sell publicly traded company shares. It is a Mumbai-based firm that was established in
1992.
The NSE's flagship index is the NIFTY50. The index includes the top 50 companies based on
trading volume and market capitalization. Investors in India and around the world frequently
regard this index as a barometer of the Indian capital markets.

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The NSE has a fully integrated business model that includes exchange listings, trading services,
clearing and settlement services, indices, market data feeds, technology solutions, and financial
education offerings. The NSE also ensures that trading and clearing members follow the
exchange's rules and regulations.
The National Stock Exchange of India Limited (NSE) is India's largest financial market and the
fourth largest trading volume market in the world.
The National Stock Exchange of India Limited was India's first stock exchange to offer modern,
fully automated electronic trading.
The NSE is India's largest private wide-area network.
The NSE was the first electronic limit order book in India to trade derivatives and ETFs, making it
a pioneer in Indian financial markets.

• Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE)

The Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) is Asia's first and India's oldest stock exchange. It was
founded in 1875 and is based in Mumbai. The BSE Sensex is the company's flagship index. It
assesses the performance of the 30 largest, most liquid, and financially stable corporations in key
industries.
What exactly is the Bombay Stock Exchange?
The Bombay Stock Exchange is India's and Asia's oldest stock exchange. It is a member of the "$1
trillion" club, with the 11th largest market capitalisation of $2.2 trillion.
Premchand Roychand founded the BSE stock exchange in 1875, and Sethurathnam Ravi currently
serves as chairman.
How Does It Function?
BSE financial transactions are conducted online via an electronic trading system. Through direct
market access, market orders can be placed directly in the BSE online without the need for

19
external specialists. Because such limit orders do not exist, the emphasis shifts from buyers/sellers
to the total value of transactions in a day.
Trading in the BSE share market must be done through a brokerage firm and incurs a fee. Direct
investment access, on the other hand, is granted to certain preferential investors who conduct large
transactions on the BSE stock exchange .
This stock exchange uses the BOLT-Bombay Online trading platform for efficient trading. BSE
online transactions are processed using a T+2 rolling settlement, which means that all transactions
are processed within two days.

Six distinct market participants :

• Domestic Retail Participants-
Market participants are individuals who participate in markets.
• Non-Resident Indians (NRIs) and Overseas Citizens of India (OCIs)-
These are people of Indian origin who live in countries other than India.
• Domestic Institutions-
These are large corporations headquartered in India (for example: LIC of India).
• Domestic Asset Management Companies (AMC)-
Mutual fund companies such as HDFC AMC, SBI Mutual Fund, DSP Black Rock, and others will
compete in this market.
• Foreign Institutional Investors (FIIs)-
FIIs are non-Indian business entities such as foreign asset management firms, hedge funds, and
other investors

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.

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 Types Of Financial Intermediaries in the Stock Market:
• Stock Brokers
Stock Brokers are one type of financial intermediary in the stock market.
A stock broker, also known as a dealer, is a professional who purchases and sells stocks on
behalf of customers. A stock broker is a registered trading member of the stock exchange and
holds a stock broking licence.
SEBI has set guidelines for them to follow. To trade in the financial market, a trading/DEMAT
account must first be opened.

• Depository and Participants in Depository

A Depository is a type of financial intermediary that offers Demat account services. A Demat
account will hold all of an investor's shares in electronic form. DEMAT account services are
provided by only two depositories in India: National Securities Depository Limited (NSDL) and
Central Depository Services (India) Limited (CDSL). An investor cannot open a DEMAT
account with the depositary directly. He is required to name a Depository Participant (DP).
According to SEBI guidelines, banks, financial institutions, and stock exchange members
registered with SEBI can become DPs.

• Banks
Banks facilitate the transfer of funds from one account to another. The client must specify which
bank account will be linked to the trading account when opening the trading account.

• Indian Clearing Corporation Ltd. and National Security Clearing Corporation Ltd.
(ICCL)
The NSCCL and ICCL are wholly owned subsidiaries of the National Stock Exchange and the
Bombay Stock Exchange, respectively. They make certain that stock exchange transactions are
settled on time. The clearing corporation ensures that neither the buyers nor the sellers fail to
meet their obligations

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23
 Regulators of Indian Stock Market
Securities Exchange Board of India

The Securities Exchange Board of India (SEBI) is the Indian stock market's regulatory body.
SEBI's main goal is to protect retail investors' interests, promote the development of stock
exchanges, and regulate the market activities of financial intermediaries and investors. SEBI
guarantees the following:

Functions of Protection

As the name implies, SEBI performs these functions to protect the interests of investors and other
financial participants.

It includes checking for price rigging, preventing insider trading, promoting fair practises, raising
investor awareness, and prohibiting fraudulent and unfair trade practises.

Functions of Regulation

▪ These functions are primarily performed to monitor the operation of the business in the
financial markets.
▪ Creating guidelines and a code of conduct for the proper operation of financial intermediaries
and corporations.
▪ Regulation of corporate takeovers
▪ Conducting inquiries and audits of exchanges

Development Activities

This regulatory authority also performs development functions, which include, but are not limited
to:

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 ▪ Educating intermediaries
▪ Promoting fair trading and reducing malpractices
▪ Conducting research
▪ Encouraging self-regulating organisations
▪ Buying and selling mutual funds directly from AMC through a broker

INVESTMENT OPTIONS FOR INVESTORS

o Equity
o Mutual Funds
o Bonds
o Debentures
o Bank fixed Deposits
o Public Provident Fund (PPF)
o National Pension System
(NPS)
o Real Estate
o Gold
o Saving Account
o Treasury Securities
o Recurring Deposits (RD)
o Corporate Deposits (CD)

• Saving Account
It is one of the most popular short-term investment plans in the country. It is a bank or financial
institution deposit account where you can keep your extra cash and earn interest. It provides
maximum liquidity because users can withdraw their invested funds at any time. Furthermore,
there is no deposit limit, and several banks offer zero balance accounts

• Recurring Deposits
Recurring Deposits (RD) are the most common short-term investment option used by many
people to securely park their money for short-term needs, as they are available at all banks.
It pays a fixed interest rate on the amount invested until maturity. Simply logging into your net
banking account allows you to open a recurring deposit (RD) account. Please enter the amount to
be saved each month and the duration, and you're done.

• Fixed Deposits at Banks (FDs)

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 A bank deposit is one of the most secure and traditional ways to invest in the country. It is not the
same as depositing funds into a savings account. They pay a fixed rate of interest on the principal
amount for a set period of time. It pays a higher interest rate than savings accounts. The interest
rate earned, on the other hand, is added to one's income and taxed according to one's income
bracket.

• PPF stands for Public Provident Fund (PPF)

The Public Provident Fund is a popular 15-year investment option. Compounding tax-free interest
has a large impact, particularly in later years. It is a secure investment because the interest earned
is tax-free (which is assessed quarterly by the government) and the principal invested are both
guaranteed by the government.

• National Retirement System (NPS)

The National Pension System, a long-term retirement-focused investment product, is managed by
the Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority (PFRDA). It includes, among other
things, stocks, term deposits, corporate bonds, liquid funds, and government funds.

• Real Estate
Purchasing real estate is one of the most popular investment options in the country. Personal use
property, on the other hand, should never be considered an investment. Investors are increasingly
interested in office, commercial real estate, warehouses, student housing, data centres, and shared
spaces in addition to homes. The most important factor influencing the price of a property and the
potential rental income is its location. Real estate investments provide two types of returns:
capital appreciation and rental income. In contrast, real estate is extremely illiquid in comparison
to other asset classes.

• Gold
Although gold is the most traditional form of investment among Indians, owning gold as
jewellery raises concerns about safety and the high cost of making charges.
Buying gold coins or biscuits is still an option, but a gold ETF may be a better choice. ETFs are a
more secure and cost-effective way to invest in gold paper. Despite being a liquid asset class,
duplicate or mixed jewellery can deceive many novice investors if purchased without adequate
knowledge or from a shady jeweller.

• Government Securities
Treasury securities, which are government-backed, provide excellent liquidity and safe capital
with reasonable returns. Treasury securities are a great way to keep your money safe; however,
they provide lower returns than debt funds.

26
• Corporate Deposits
Corporate fixed deposits are similar to bank fixed deposits in that they are collected by
corporations for the purpose of expansion and operations. Interest rates are slightly higher than
bank FDs because the risk of default is higher. Those willing to take a risk can invest in these
corporate FDs and earn higher returns than those offered by banks.

• Equity
Equity is becoming more popular as an asset class, but it is not for everyone. It is without a doubt
the most volatile asset class, with no guarantee of return.
Stock selection is only one aspect of equity investing; entry and exit timing are also critical. Stock
markets, on the other hand, have the potential to be the best performing asset class in the long run,
with significantly higher alpha. When investing in stocks, investors should use a strict stop loss to
limit their losses. It is best to seek professional advice before investing in stocks. To invest in
direct equities, you must first open a Demat account.

• Mutual Funds
A mutual fund is a professionally managed investment fund that pools money from several people
to purchase securities. They can choose to invest in one or more types of securities. Mutual funds
can invest in stocks, bonds, or a combination of the two, as well as gold. They can be actively or
passively controlled.
In active funds, the fund manager selects scrips to generate returns, whereas passive funds or
exchange traded funds (ETFs) invest based on the underlying benchmarked indexes. Equity
schemes are classified based on their market capitalization and the industries in which they invest.

What precaution should be taken when investing?

1. Before making any investment, make certain that:
2. Obtain written documentation that explains the investment.
3. Read and comprehend such documents.
4. Confirm the investment's legitimacy.
5. Determine the costs and benefits of the investment.
6. Evaluate the investment's risk-return profile
7. Understand the investment's liquidity and safety.
8. Determine whether it is appropriate for your specific goals.
9. Contrast these details with other available investment opportunities
10. Determine whether it is compatible with other investments you are considering or have
already made.

27
11. Only deal through an authorised intermediary.
12. Obtain all necessary clarifications regarding the intermediary and the investment.

28
 CHAPTER 6

DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

29
AGE

Age Group Percentage

18-20 11.9%
21-26 69%
27-30 16.7%
30 and above 2.4%

Data Interpretation and Analysis -

The survey reveals a diverse distribution of age groups among respondents, with a substantial
69% falling within the 21-26 age range, indicating a significant presence of young investors. The
18-20 category comprises 11.9%, suggesting a notable interest in stock market perceptions even
among those just entering adulthood. Additionally, the data reflects varied participation, with
16.7% in the 27-30 age group and 2.4% among investors aged 31 and above. This comprehensive
insight highlights the need for tailored investment strategies and educational initiatives to cater to
the diverse perspectives across age demographics.

30
GENDER

GENDER Percentage
Male 61.9%
Female 38.1%
Other 0%

Data Interpretation and Analysis -

The survey exhibits a gender-diverse participation, with 61.9% identifying as male and 38.1% as
female. This distribution suggests a relatively higher representation of male respondents,
emphasizing the importance of considering gender-specific factors in understanding perceptions
towards stock market investment. Acknowledging and addressing these gender dynamics is
crucial for developing inclusive and effective strategies within the investment landscape.

31
Data Interpretation and Analysis –

Respondents Students are from different different colleges like SIOM,Saraswati Mandir Night
College of commerce and arts, rv college of engineering, Fergusson college pune, ICAI, Brihan
Maharashtra college of commerce , Shivajirao s jobndhale college of engineering and technology
, ICSI, Mmcoe , Shivajirao S. Jondhale college of engineering and technology, Sandip University
, Jayawant rao Sawant college of engineering Hadapsar pune, KGCE, Symbiosis college arts and
commerce , Pune Vidyarthi Griha's College of Engineering and Technology pune ,MIT School of
Engineering , Savitraibai phule pune University , COEP Tech. University , Zeal college, Sir
parshuram college , C.D.Jain College Of Commerce, Shirampur, Scsco, MMCC college of
commerce, Jedhe College , Shankar Rao chavan Law college, DES Pune University, H.V Desai
college Pune, Arts and commerce college satara, Saraf college,Naralkar institute , KHS, Aissms-
iom, Modern institute of business management pune,Kbp collage satara, SIBM HYDERABAD,
Mumbai University, pvp college kavathe mahankal

32
FIELD OF STUDY

FIELD OF STUDY Percentage

Arts 2.4%
Commerce 52.4%
Science 9.5%
Engineering 31%
Law 2.4%
Interior 2.4%

Data Interpretation and Analysis –

52.4% students are from commerce field, 31% students are from engineering field, 9.5% students
are from science field and rest of the students (2.4% each) are from arts, law, interior field.

33
DEGREE
DEGREE Percentage
Higher secondary 2.4%
Diploma 7.1%
Bachelor 51.1%
Master 33.3%

Data Interpretation and Analysis –

51.1% studens are pursuing bachelor degree, 33.3% students are master’s students and 7.1%
students are pursuing diploma and rest 2.4% students are higher secondary students

34
CATEGORY OF STUDENTS

CATEGORY OF STUDENTS Percentage

Non - Working 40.5%
Part Time Job 11.9%
Full Time Job 33.3%
Assistance in Family Business 9.5%
Own Business 4.8%

Data Interpretation and Analysis –

From this table it is known that 40.5% respondents are non working students. 33.3% students are
doing full time job,11.9% are doing part time job, 9.5% students are assistance in family business
and rest of the 4.8% students have their own business.

35
1] Are you familiar with the basic of stock market?

YES 81%
NO 19%

Data Interpretation and Analysis -

It appears that a significant majority of respondents, specifically 81%, indicated that they are
familiar with the basics of the stock market. This suggests that a large portion of the surveyed
population has at least a foundational understanding of how the stock market operates, including
concepts such as buying and selling stocks, market trends, and perhaps basic investment
strategies. However, it's noteworthy that 19% of respondents reported not being familiar with the
basics of the stock market. This may indicate a knowledge gap among some individuals regarding
fundamental concepts related to investing in stocks.

36
2] How would you rate your level of experience with stock market investments?

Beginner 69%
Intermediate 31%
Advanced 0%

Data Interpretation and Analysis -

The survey indicates a predominant presence of beginners, constituting 69% of the respondents,
suggesting a significant entry-level interest or engagement in stock market investments.
Meanwhile, 31% identify as intermediate, showcasing a substantial but comparatively seasoned
cohort. Advanced investors constitute a modest 0%, highlighting a smaller yet noteworthy
segment with a more in-depth understanding of stock market dynamics. This distribution
underscores the diverse levels of experience among participants, emphasizing the importance of
tailored educational resources and support across various proficiency levels in the realm of stock
market investments.

37
3] Do you have opened a Demat Account ?

YES 76.2%
NO 23.8%

Data Interpretation and Analysis –

A significant majority of respondents, specifically 76.2%, have opened a Demat (Dematerialized)

Account. A Demat Account is an electronic account that holds shares and securities in
dematerialized form, making trading and investing in stocks more convenient and efficient.This
high percentage suggests that a substantial portion of the surveyed population is actively engaged
in stock market activities, as having a Demat Account is essential for buying and selling securities
in the Indian stock market.On the other hand, 23.8% of respondents reported not having opened a
Demat Account. While this percentage is smaller compared to those who have opened Demat
Accounts, it still represents a notable portion of the surveyed population who may not be directly
involved in stock market transactions or who may prefer alternative investment avenues.
Overall, the data indicates a significant level of participation in the stock market among the
surveyed individuals, as evidenced by the majority having opened Demat Accounts. This suggests
a keen interest in investing and trading securities among the respondents.

38
4] If yes, what platform do you use?

CATEGORY OF STUDENTS Percentage

Zerodha 16.7%
Angel Broking 14.3%
Grow 33.3%
Upstox 16.7%
SBI securities 2.4%
NA 16.7%

Data Interpretation and Analysis –

From this data, we can discern that Grow is the most commonly used platform among the
surveyed population, with 33.3% of respondents using it. Zerodha and Upstox both have a similar
usage rate at 16.7% each, followed by Angel Broking at 14.3%. SBI Securities has the lowest
reported usage at 2.4%.
Additionally, it's notable that 16.7% of respondents did not provide a specific platform or
answered "NA" This could indicate either a lack of familiarity with the platforms listed or the use
of other platforms not mentioned in the survey.
Overall, the data provides insights into the distribution of platform usage among the surveyed
population, highlighting the popularity of certain platforms within the trading and investing
community.

39
5] Do you trade/invest in stocks or other financial instruments?

YES( regularly) 31%

YES ( Not regularly) 42.9%
NO 26.2%

Data Interpretation and Analysis -

Interpreting the survey data, it appears that a significant portion of respondents engage in trading
or investing in stocks or other financial instruments:
- 31% of respondents reported trading or investing in stocks or other financial instruments
regularly.
- 42.9% of respondents reported trading or investing in stocks or other financial instruments but
not regularly.
- 26.2% of respondents reported not engaging in trading or investing in stocks or other financial
instruments.
The data suggests that a combined total of 73.9% of respondents are involved in some form of
trading or investing, either regularly or occasionally. This indicates a considerable level of interest
and activity in financial markets among the surveyed population.
The fact that 26.2% of respondents reported not engaging in trading or investing may indicate
various factors such as risk aversion, lack of knowledge or interest, or preference for other forms
of investment.
Overall, the data underscores the diverse levels of participation in trading or investing activities
among the surveyed individuals, reflecting varying degrees of engagement with financial markets
and investment opportunities.

40
6] If yes , which type of investments have you made?

Stock 71.4%
Bonds 7.1%
Mutual funds 38.1%
Real estate 2.4%
Cryptocurrency 7.1%
NA 21.4%

Data Interpretation and Analysis -

We observe that the most common type of investment among the surveyed population is stocks,
with 71.4% of respondents having invested in them. Mutual funds are the next most popular
investment vehicle, with 38.1% of respondents having invested in them.
Bonds and cryptocurrency have similar reported usage rates at 7.1% each, indicating a smaller but
still notable portion of respondents investing in these assets.
Real estate investments are the least reported among the options provided, with only 2.4% of
respondents indicating investments in this asset class.
It's also important to note that 21.4% of respondents did not provide specific information about
their investments or answered "NA." This could imply a lack of clarity or engagement regarding
their investment activities.
Overall, the data offers insights into the prevalence of different types of investments among the
surveyed population, highlighting the popularity of stocks and mutual funds as preferred
investment options.

41
7] What motivates you to invest in the stock market ?

Dividend income 28.6%

Wealth reservation 40.5%
Tax benefits 16.7%
Personal interest 51.1%
Expert Recommendation 2.4%
Nothing 2.4%
Other: Short span of time but in a scientific 2.4%
and methodological way

Data Interpretation and Analysis –

We observe that personal interest is the most common motivation for investing in the stock
market, with 57.1% of respondents expressing a passion for financial markets and investments.
Wealth preservation is also a significant motivation, with 40.5% of respondents seeking to grow
and safeguard their wealth through stock market investments. 28.6% of respondents are motivated
by the prospect of earning dividend income from their investments. Dividend income and tax
benefits are cited as motivations by smaller but notable proportions of respondents, indicating that
some investors are drawn to the stock market for specific financial incentives. 16.7% of
respondents are motivated by the tax benefits associated with investing in the stock market. 2.4%
of respondents are motivated by expert recommendations when making investment decisions.

42
Expert recommendations and other factors, such as scientific and methodical investment
strategies, play a relatively minor role compared to personal interest and wealth preservation.
2.4% of respondents provided additional motivations, such as seeking short-term gains through
scientific and methodical investment strategies. Overall, the data highlights the diverse
motivations driving individuals to invest in the stock market, including financial goals, personal
interests, and external incentives.

8] What is your preferred investment strategy in stock market ?

Buy and Hold 64.3%

Intraday Trading 7.1%
Mutual Funds 23.8%
Derivatives and Commodities 4.8%

Data Interpretation and Analysis –

The survey unveils a diverse spectrum of preferred investment strategies among respondents.
"Buy and Hold" emerges as a prevalent approach, embraced by 64.3% of investors, reflecting a
commitment to long-term value creation. Intraday Trading is a significant choice for 7.1%,
highlighting an short-term trading preference. Mutual Funds garner the favor of 23.8%, indicating
trust in diversified and professionally managed portfolios. A smaller segment, at 4.8%, opts for
Derivatives and Commodities, showcasing a subset of investors engaging in more complex

43
financial instruments. This varied distribution underscores the importance of tailoring investment
services and advice to accommodate the diverse strategies preferred by investors.

9] Do you have opened SIP Account?

Yes 71.4%
No 28.6%

Data Interpretation and Analysis –

Substantial majority of respondents, specifically 71.4%, have opened SIP (Systematic Investment
Plan) accounts. This indicates a significant level of engagement among these individuals with
systematic and disciplined investing, typically associated with SIP accounts. SIPs are popular
investment tools that allow investors to regularly invest a fixed amount in mutual funds, helping
them build wealth over time through disciplined investing. On the other hand, 28.6% of
respondents reported not having opened SIP accounts. While this percentage is smaller compared
to those who have opened SIP accounts, it still represents a notable portion of the surveyed
population who may not be utilizing this specific investment method.
Overall, the data suggests a widespread adoption of SIP accounts among the surveyed population,
indicating an understanding and preference for systematic and regular investment approaches.
This may reflect a prudent approach to wealth accumulation and long-term financial planning
among the respondents who have opted for SIP accounts.

44
10]

Data Interpretation and Analysis -

Students have SIP accounts with different brokers/ sub brokers like 5 Paise, eatmoney, fund
bazaar, Grow , icici bank, HDFC Bank, Maharashtra bank, Zeroda, Netbillion technology limited
with mostly Investments of RS 2000-5000

45
11] Your average monthly contribution towards stock market

<1000 21.4%
1000- 5000 40.5%
5000- 10000 7.1%
> 10000 7.1%
NA 23.8%

Data Interpretation and Analysis –

We observe that the majority of respondents, 40.5%, contribute between 1000 and 5000 units per
month towards the stock market. This suggests a moderate level of monthly investment activity
among this group. Additionally, 21.4% of respondents contribute less than 1000 units per month,
indicating a lower level of monthly investment activity among this segment of respondents. A
smaller proportion of respondents, 7.1% each, reported contributing between 5000 and 10000
units per month, as well as above 10000 units per month towards the stock market, indicating a
higher level of monthly investment activity among these individuals.
It's also worth noting that 23.8% of respondents did not provide specific information about their
monthly contributions or answered "NA" which could indicate a lack of clarity or engagement
regarding their investment activities. Overall, the data provides insights into the distribution of
monthly contributions towards the stock market among the surveyed population, highlighting
varying levels of investment activity.

46
12] Do you regularly follow financial news or updated related to the stock market?

Yes 59.5%
No 40.5%

Data Interpretation and Analysis -

Based on the survey data, it appears that a majority of respondents, specifically 59.5%, reported
that they do regularly follow financial news or updates related to the stock market. This suggests
that a significant portion of investors actively engage with financial information, which could
indicate a proactive approach to managing their investments.
On the other hand, 40.5% of respondents stated that they do not regularly follow financial news or
updates related to the stock market. This may imply that some investors are less involved or
perhaps rely on other sources or methods for managing their investments.

47
13] What sources do you use to stay informed about the stock market and make investment
decisions?

Financial News 57.1%

Financial Advisors 7.1%
Company Performance & Analysis 35.7%
Market Trends & Analysis 38.1%
Social Media 54.8%
Family and Friends 45.2%

Data Interpretation and Analysis –

The survey reveals diverse sources of information among investors, with financial leading at
51.1%. This indicates a significant reliance on digital platforms for staying informed. Social
media follows closely at 54.8%, showcasing the growing influence of online communities in
shaping investment decisions. Financial advisors play a crucial role for 7.1% of respondents,
emphasizing the importance of professional guidance. Additionally, friends and family contribute
to the information landscape, accounting for 45.2%. Company performance and analysis preferred
by 35.7% and Market trends and analysis considered 38.1% to stay informed and make decision.
This varied distribution highlights the omnichannel nature of information-seeking behaviors,
suggesting a need for comprehensive and targeted communication strategies within the financial
industry.

48
14] How do you rate your risk tolerances for stock market investments ?

Low Risk Taker 45.2%

Medium Risk Taker 47.6%
High Risk Taker 7.1%

Data Interpretation and Analysis –

The survey highlights a diverse range of risk perceptions among respondents engaging in stock
market investments. A substantial 47.6% perceive a medium level of risk, suggesting a balanced
risk appetite. Meanwhile, 45.2% view the overall risk as low, indicating a sizable portion of
investors with a more conservative stance. A minority, at 7.1%, perceives a high level of risk,
showcasing a segment of investors who may embrace a more adventurous approach. This
distribution emphasizes the need for investment strategies that cater to varying risk tolerances and
underscores the nuanced nature of risk perception within the stock market landscape.

49
15] How often do you review your investment portfolio?

Daily 26.2%
Weekly 33.3%
Monthly 19%
Quarterly 2.4%
Annually 2.4%
NA 16.7%

Data Interpretation and Analysis –

The survey reveals diverse frequencies at which investors actively manage their investment
portfolios. A substantial 33.3% do so weekly, indicating a flexible and adaptive approach to
market changes. Those who review and adjust daily make up 26.2%, showcasing a more dynamic
and actively managed portfolio strategy. Monthly adjustments are undertaken by 19%, suggesting
a structured approach aligned with market cycles. A smaller but strategic 4.8% opt for quarterly
and annual reviews, emphasizing a longer-term perspective. But 16.7% investor not review
portfolio, This lack of review could potentially lead to missed opportunities or risks going
unnoticed. This varied distribution underscores the importance of recognizing and
accommodating differing portfolio management styles, tailoring financial services to meet the
unique needs of each investor.

50
16] Whether your trading / investment is generating Income generating or loss generating?

Income generating 90.5%

Loss generating 9.5%

Data Interpretation and Analysis –

A large majority of respondents, around 90.5%, have experienced positive returns on their trading
or investment activities. This indicates a significant level of success among the surveyed
individuals in generating income through their investment endeavours. However, it's worth noting
that 9.5% of respondents reported experiencing losses in their trading or investment activities.
While this percentage is smaller compared to those reporting income generation, it still highlights
the reality that not all investment decisions lead to positive outcomes, and there is inherent risk
involved in financial markets.

51
17] How satisfied are you with your current investment portfolio's performance?

Very satisfied 19%

Somewhat satisfied 42.9%

Neutral 35.7%
Somewhat dissatisfied 2.4%

Data Interpretation and Analysis –

The survey reveals a varied spectrum of satisfaction levels among investors regarding their
investment portfolios. A notable 19% express being very satisfied, indicating a content and
positive assessment of their portfolio's performance. A percentage, 42.9.7%, falls into the
category of somewhat satisfied and neutral category falls into 35.7% suggesting a mix of
contentment and a more neutral stance. A smaller but noteworthy 2.4% indicate being somewhat
dissatisfied, emphasizing the importance of addressing concerns to enhance overall satisfaction.
This diverse distribution underscores the subjective nature of satisfaction in investment portfolios
and highlights the need for personalized financial strategies to align with individual expectations
and goals.

52
18] Have you participated in any training programme, workshops or course about stock market ?

Yes 23.8%
No 76.2%

Data Interpretation and Analysis –

It appears that a significant majority of respondents, specifically 76.2%, have participated in

training programs, workshops, or courses about the stock market. This indicates a proactive
approach among these individuals to enhance their knowledge and skills related to investing in
the stock market. On the other hand, 23.8% of respondents reported not having participated in any
such training programs or workshops. While this percentage is smaller compared to those who
have participated, it still represents a notable portion of the surveyed population who may not
have sought formal education or training in stock market investing. The data suggests a strong
inclination among a majority of respondents to seek out educational opportunities to improve their
understanding of the stock market. This proactive approach to learning may contribute to their
ability to make informed investment decisions and potentially achieve better outcomes in their
investment endeavors.

53
19] What do you think is the biggest fear associated with investing in the stock market?

Market Volatility 50%

Economic Downturns 40.5%
Lack of Knowledge 47.6%
Poor Company Performance 14.3%
Other: Risk Management with % CE 2.4%

Data Interpretation and Analysis –

We can infer that the surveyed individuals have various fears and concerns associated with
investing in the stock market. Market volatility 50% of respondents emerged as the most common
fear, with half of the respondents expressing apprehension about fluctuations in market prices.
Economic downturns were also a significant concern for 40.5% of respondents, reflecting worries
about the broader economic environment impacting investment returns.
Additionally, nearly half of the respondents (47.6%) identified a lack of knowledge as their
biggest fear. This underscores the importance of education and understanding in investment
decision-making. Poor company performance was mentioned by 14.3% of respondents, indicating
concerns about individual stock performance and its impact on investment outcomes.

54
Overall, the data highlights the diverse range of fears associated with investing in the stock
market, with respondents expressing concerns about market dynamics, economic conditions,
personal knowledge levels, and company performance. Addressing these fears through education,
risk management strategies, and informed decision-making could help investors navigate the
complexities of the stock market more confidently.

20] Are there any misconceptions or myths about the stock market that may
discourage you from investing? (if yes, specify)

Data Interpretation and Analysis –

From the collected data the survey reveals that some of the respondents acknowledge the
existence of misconceptions or myths that might discourage them from investing in the stock
market.Many respondents thinks that investing in stock market is gamble, there is always loss in
the stock market , stock manipulation, most of people think of trading for making fast profits, the
risk factor is high.
Also the a majority of graduate and post graduate students feel confident and informed about the
stock market,and they do not perceive any significant barriers or misconceptions that would deter
them from engaging in stock market investments.
However, it is essential to note that those students who acknowledged misconceptions or myth
might still harbor concerns or uncertainties that could impact their investment decisions.

21] Your suggestions about the activities which colleges should conduct to increase
the awareness about stock market among the students.

Data Interpretation and Analysis –

College / institution can arrange seminar regarding stock market investment for college students.
Teacher can give projects on stock market to students to understand the importance of stock
market in future terms.Fundamental analysis and trend analysis should be taught to students by
conducting workshops, also engineering students should be taught to use ml model for
analysis.Colleges shall also conduct sessions of stock markets basics and other information
related to stock market etc.They should start teaching about how compounding creates huge
wealth in long term.Can call market experts to guide students.Awareness about SIP which help
students.

55
CHAPTER 7
FINDINGS

56
FINDINGS:
Age Distribution:
• 69% of respondents fall within the 21-26 age range, indicating a significant presence of
young investors.
• 11.9% are aged 18-20, suggesting an interest in stock market perceptions even among
those just entering adulthood.
• 16.7% are in the 27-30 age group, and only 2.4% are aged 31 and above.
• The data highlights the need for tailored investment strategies and educational initiatives
to cater to the diverse perspectives across age demographics.

Gender Diversity:
• 61.9% of respondents identify as male, while 38.1% identify as female.
• The relatively higher representation of male respondents emphasizes the importance of
considering gender-specific factors in understanding perceptions towards stock market
investment.

Familiarity with Stock Market Basics:

• 81% of respondents are familiar with the basics of the stock market, indicating a
foundational understanding of concepts such as buying and selling stocks and market
trends.
• However, 19% reported not being familiar with these basics, suggesting a knowledge gap
among some individuals regarding fundamental concepts related to investing in stocks.
• Investor Experience Levels:
• 69% of respondents are beginners, 31% are intermediate, and 0% are advanced investors.
• This distribution underscores the diverse levels of experience among participants,
emphasizing the importance of tailored educational resources and support across various
proficiency levels.

Demat Account Usage:

• 76.2% of respondents have opened a Demat Account, indicating active engagement in
stock market activities.
• This suggests a keen interest in investing and trading securities among the surveyed
individuals.

Platform Usage:
• Grow is the most commonly used platform (33.3%), followed by Zerodha and Upstox
(16.7% each).
• Angel Broking follows at 14.3%, while SBI Securities has the lowest reported usage at
2.4%.

Investment Activities:
• 73.9% of respondents are involved in trading or investing, either regularly or
occasionally.

57
 • 26.2% reported not engaging in trading or investing, which may indicate factors such as
risk aversion or lack of interest.

Types of Investments:
• Stocks are the most common type of investment (71.4%), followed by mutual funds
(38.1%).
• Bonds and cryptocurrency have similar usage rates (7.1% each), while real estate
investments are the least reported (2.4%).

Motivations for Investing:

• Personal interest (57.1%) and wealth preservation (40.5%) are the most common
motivations for investing in the stock market.
• Dividend income, tax benefits, and expert recommendations also play roles for some
investors.

Preferred Investment Strategies:

• "Buy and Hold" is prevalent (64.3%), followed by mutual funds (23.8%) and
derivatives/commodities (4.8%).
• This varied distribution underscores the importance of tailoring investment services to
accommodate diverse strategies.

Conduct workshops:
• Colleges/ institutions should conduct basic workshops on stock market ,assign projects
related to share market to students, conduct workshops to teach students about
fundamental and trend analysis, essential skills for making informed investment
decisions, promote systematic investment plans(SIPs) among students.

58
 CHAPTER 8
SUGGESTIONS

59
SUGGESTIONS:
Demat Account Awareness Campaigns:
Since a significant portion of respondents have not opened a Demat Account, it might be
beneficial to conduct awareness campaigns highlighting the benefits of Demat Accounts and
how they facilitate stock market investments.

Platform Familiarization Initiatives:

Considering that a portion of respondents did not specify their trading platform or responded
with "NA," initiatives to familiarize investors with different trading platforms could be useful.
This could involve providing tutorials, guides, or workshops on how to use these platforms
effectively.

Education on Trading and Investment:

With a substantial percentage of respondents engaging in trading or investing only occasionally
or not at all, there's an opportunity to provide educational resources tailored to different levels of
expertise. Workshops, webinars, or online courses on stock market basics, investment strategies,
and risk management could help bridge knowledge gaps and encourage more active
participation.

Promotion of Diverse Investment Options:

Given the popularity of stocks and mutual funds among respondents, there's an opportunity to
promote awareness about other investment options such as bonds, cryptocurrency, and real
estate. Educational materials outlining the benefits and risks of these investment avenues could
help investors make more informed decisions.

Personal Finance Management Workshops:

Since a majority of respondents expressed interest in financial news but a significant portion also
indicated they do not regularly follow such updates, workshops on personal finance management
and investment planning could be beneficial. These workshops could cover topics such as
budgeting, goal setting, and creating diversified investment portfolios.

Risk Management and Portfolio Diversification:

Given the varied risk perceptions and portfolio management styles among respondents,
educational initiatives focusing on risk management techniques and the importance of portfolio
diversification could be valuable. Providing guidance on how to assess and mitigate risks, as
well as strategies for building balanced investment portfolios, could help investors achieve their
financial goals with more confidence.

Addressing Fears and Concerns:

Considering the range of fears expressed by respondents, such as market volatility and lack of
knowledge, providing support and resources to address these concerns is essential. This could
involve offering educational content, access to financial advisors, and tools for risk assessment
to empower investors to navigate the stock market more effectively.

60
 CHAPTER 9
CONCLUSIONS

61
CONCLUSIONS:
Based on the survey report on the awareness of the stock market among students, several key
conclusions can be drawn:
• Low Awareness Levels:
The survey likely indicates that a significant portion of students have limited knowledge or
understanding of the stock market. This may include basic concepts such as what the stock
market is, how it operates, and the potential benefits of investing.

• Lack of Education:
The findings suggest that there is a need for greater educational initiatives aimed at
introducing students to the fundamentals of the stock market. This could involve integrating
financial literacy programs into school curricula or offering extracurricular activities focused
on investment education.

• Opportunity for Improvement:

The survey highlights an opportunity to enhance financial literacy among students,
empowering them to make informed decisions about saving, investing, and managing their
finances in the future.

• Importance of Early Exposure:

Introducing students to the stock market at a young age can have long-term benefits, as it
instills good financial habits and encourages responsible financial planning from an early
stage of life.

• Potential Barriers:
The survey may uncover potential barriers or misconceptions that deter students from
engaging with the stock market, such as perceived complexity, risk aversion, or lack of
access to resources and guidance.

• Role of Institutions:
Educational institutions, governments, and financial organizations have a role to play in
promoting financial literacy and fostering an understanding of the stock market among
students. Initiatives such as workshops, seminars, online courses, and mentorship programs
can help bridge the knowledge gap.

• Future Implications:
Improving awareness of the stock market among students can have broader implications for
society, including fostering a culture of investment, wealth creation, and economic
participation.

62
• Investment Strategies: "
Buy and Hold" is the predominant investment strategy among respondents, emphasizing a
long-term approach to wealth creation. However, there is also interest in short-term trading
and diversified portfolios, reflecting a range of investment styles.

• Risk Perception and Portfolio Management:

There is a nuanced understanding of risk among investors, with preferences for different
portfolio management styles and review frequencies. This highlights the need for tailored
investment solutions to accommodate varying risk tolerances and preferences.

• Education and Training:

A significant portion of respondents have participated in training programs or workshops
about the stock market, indicating a proactive approach to enhancing financial literacy. This
suggests a willingness to learn and improve investment skills among investors.

63
CHAPTER 10
BIBLOGRAPHY

64
REFERENCES:
[1] www.investopedia.com
[2] www.corporatefinanceinstitute.com
[3] www.yourarticlelibrary.com
[4] www.grow.in
[5] www.niftyacademy.com
[6] Indian stock market: Some issues
[7] www.thebusinessprofessor.com
[8] www.gurupreetsaluja.com
[9] pdf.usaid.gov
[10] www.reasearchgate.net
[11] www.prsindia.org
[12] www.slideshare.net
[13] www.cleartax.in
[14] en.m.wikipedia.org
[15] www.hdfc.com
[16] old.nios.ac.in
[17] timesofindia.indiantimes.com
[18] www.financialmentor.com
[19] Financial management – Dr. Jayan, Deepthy.L
[20] Global exchanges – Paolo B Cassedes
[21] Stock market cycles: Practical explanation – Steven. C

65
CHAPTER 11
ANNEXURE

66
 ANNEXURE I
Age:
18 - 20
21 - 26
27 - 30
31 and above

Gender:
Male
Female
Other

College / Institute:

Field of Study:
Arts
Commerce
Science
Engineering
Other:

Degree:
Higher secondary
Diploma
Bachelor
Master

67
 Category of the Student:
Non - Working
Part Time Job
Full Time Job
Assistance in Family Business
Own Business
Other:

1] Are you familiar with the basic of stock market?

Yes

No

2] How would you rate your level of experience with stock market investments?

Beginner

Intermediate

Advanced

3] Do you have opened a Demat Account ?

Yes

No

4] If yes, what platform do you use?

Zerodha

Angel Broking

Grow

Upstox

68
NA

Other:

5] Do you trade/invest in stocks or other financial instruments?

Yes (Regularly)

Yes (Not Regularly)

No

6] If yes , which type of investments have you made?

Stock

Bonds

Mutual funds

Real estate

Cryptocurrency

NA

7] What motivates you to invest in the stock market ?

Dividend income

Wealth reservation

Tax benefits

Personal interest

Expert Recommendation

Other:

69
8] What is your preferred investment strategy in stock market ?

Buy and Hold

Intraday Trading

Mutual Funds

Derivatives and Commodities

9] Do you have opened SIP Account?

Yes

No

10] If yes, Name of the Broker /

Sub-Broker / Bank and your monthly contribution

12] Your average monthly contribution towards stock market

<1000

1000- 5000

5000- 10000

> 10000

NA

13] Do you regularly follow financial news or updated related to the stock market?

Yes

No

70
14] What sources do you use to stay informed about the stock market and make investment
decisions? (Choose all that are applicable)

Financial News

Financial Advisors

Company Performance & Analysis

Market Trends & Analysis

Social Media

Family and Friends

15] How do you rate your risk tolerances for stock market investments ?

Low Risk Taker

Medium Risk Taker

High Risk Taker

16] How often do you review your investment portfolio?

Daily

Weekly

Monthly

Quarterly

Annually

NA

17] Whether your trading / investment is generating Income generating or loss generating?

Income generating

Loss generating

71
18] How satisfied are you with your current investment portfolio's performance?

Very satisfied

Somewhat satisfied

Neutral

Somewhat dissatisfied

19] Have you participated in any training programme, workshops or course about stock market ?

Yes

No

20] What do you think is the biggest fear associated with investing in the stock market?

Market Volatility

Economic Downturns

Lack of Knowledge

Poor Company Performance

Other:

21] Are there any misconceptions or myths about the stock market that may discourage you from
investing? (if yes, specify)

22] Your suggestions about the activities which colleges should conduct to increase the awareness
about stock market among the students.

72
 ANNEXURE II
List of Respondent students ( Email, Name, college, field, degree)

Email Name of College / Institute Field of Degree

the Study
Student

[email protected] Ashish SIOM Engineering Master

Mane

[email protected] Harshada Saraswati Mandir Commerce Bachelor

Gadkari Night College of
commerce and arts

[email protected] santosh rv college of Engineering Bachelor

engineering

[email protected] Pranay Fergusson college Science Master

kodape pune

[email protected] Shreyash ICAI Commerce Bachelor

Randhe

[email protected] Kunal Brihan Commerce Bachelor

Patekar Maharashtra
college of
commerce

[email protected] Amit Shivajirao s Engineering Master

Shinde jobndhale college
of engineering and
technology

[email protected] Bhumi ICSI Commerce Higher

Agrawal secondar
y

[email protected] Pranav Mmcoe Engineering Bachelor

Gaykar

[email protected] Sumit Shivajirao S. Engineering Bachelor

Shinde Jondhale college
of engineering and

73
 technology

[email protected] Ankit Patel Sandip University Engineering Master

[email protected] Nilesh Jayawant rao Engineering Bachelor

Sapkal Sawant college of
engineering
Hadapsar pune

[email protected] Aakash KGCE Engineering Bachelor

wadile

[email protected] Omkar kad Symbiosis college Commerce Master

arts and commerce

[email protected] Nikhil Pune Vidyarthi Engineering Bachelor

Shelke Griha's College of
Engineering and
Technology pune

[email protected] Akash MIT School of Engineering Master

kotwal Engineering

[email protected] Shinde Savitraibai phule Science Master

anagha pune University

[email protected] Sharayu Ferguson college Arts Master

paralkar

[email protected] Sumit COEP Tech. Engineering Bachelor

jadhav University

[email protected] Pranav Zeal college Engineering Bachelor

kadbane

[email protected] Ishika Sir parshuram Commerce Bachelor

Thakur college

[email protected] Sumit C.D.Jain College Commerce Bachelor

Dhanwate Of Commerce,
Shirampur

[email protected] Tisha Goel Brihan Commerce Bachelor

Maharashtra

74
 college of
commerce

[email protected] Sudarshan Scsco Commerce Bachelor

[email protected] Aditi MMCC college of Commerce Bachelor

Doiphode commerce

[email protected] Shubham Jedhe College Commerce Bachelor

m Jadhav

[email protected] Kunal Shankar Rao Law Bachelor

Shewale chavan Law
college

[email protected] Meghana DES Pune Commerce Diploma

Alkunte University

[email protected] Shubham H.V Desai college Science Bachelor

m Kshirsagar Pune

[email protected] Srushti Arts and Commerce Bachelor

Utpat commerce college
satara

[email protected] Chirag Saraf college Commerce Bachelor

m trivedi

[email protected] Vishakha Institute Commerce Master

[email protected] Sakshee Naralkar institute Interior Diploma

Nadgire

[email protected] Sahil KHS Commerce Bachelor

Dekhane

[email protected] Pranav Aissms-iom Commerce Master

Urankar

[email protected] RUTUJA Modern institute Commerce Master

PATIL of business
management pune

[email protected] Karan Kbp collage satara Engineering Diploma

75
 kadam

[email protected] Shreya Brihan Commerce Master

Rupnur Maharashtra
College Of
Commerce

[email protected] Shrushti SIBM Commerce Master

Maknikar HYDERABAD

[email protected] Pawar ICAI Commerce Bachelor

Pradnya

[email protected] Sakshi Mumbai Commerce Master

Parekh University

[email protected] Sachin pvp college Science Bachelor

ghadage kavathe mahankal

76
77