3/5/24, 8:37 PM PEDAGOGY OF PHYSICAL SCIENCE [ Teaching of Physical Science ]

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MEANING OF PHYSICAL SCIENCE

Physical Science is a branch of science (a systematic enterprise that builds
and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and
predictions about the universe.)

Physical science is the study of matter and energy. That covers a lot of
territories because matter refers to all the stuff that exists in the universe. It
includes everything you can see and many things that you cannot see,
including the air around you.

NATURE OF PHYSICAL SCIENCE

The nature and scope of physical science can very well be explained with the
help of the following attributes. They are:

1. Systematic and Understandable

2. Accuracy
3. Validity
4. Subject to Change

5. Durability
6. Unable to Provide Complete Answers to All the Questions

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7. The mixture of Logic and Imagination

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SCOPE OF PHYSICAL SCIENCE

Physical science deals with the natural world, the realm of nature,
matter, and energy.
Physical science is not limited to only what is observable.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF TEACHING PHYSICAL

SCIENCE IN SCHOOLS
AIMS OF TEACHING PHYSICAL SCIENCE

To know about the facts and principles of Physical science and its
applications.
To acquire the skills and understand the methods of processes that
lead to the generation and validation of scientific knowledge.
To develop a historical and developmental perspective of Physical
science.
To relate Physical science education to the environment.
To acquire the requisite theoretical knowledge and practical
technical skills to enter the world of work.
To nurture the natural curiosity, aesthetic sense, and creativity in
science and technology.
To imbibe the values of honesty, integrity, cooperation, concern for
life, and preservation of the environment.
To cultivate scientific temper, objectivity, and critical thinking.

OBJECTIVES OF TEACHING PHYSICAL SCIENCE IN SCHOOLS

1. To develop the power of observation

2. To develop good character
3. To develop a habit of personal, family, and society cleanliness
4. To develop a scientific outlook 

5. To develop a practical outlook

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3/5/24, 8:37 PM PEDAGOGY OF PHYSICAL SCIENCE [ Teaching of Physical Science ]

6. To develop the skill of manipulation

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VALUES OF TEACHING PHYSICAL SCIENCE

1. Intellectual Value: Physical Science helps pupils to think of problems,
and follow the method of inquiry.

2. Utilitarian Value: It is very essential to have some elementary

knowledge of Physical science for becoming a full member of society.

3. Vocational Value: Knowledge of Physical science forms the basis for

many vocational studies like medicine, engineering, agriculture, or any
other profession.

4. Cultural Value: Physical Science has aided the growth of consciousness

by making us more aware of the universe we live in.

5. Moral Value: It teaches the pupil to be intellectually honest and truthful.

6. Aesthetic Value: Aesthetic sense is the most important consideration

with all scientific men for it meets one of the deepest needs of human
nature which manifests itself as the desire for beauty.

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LESSON PLANNING
Planning is an essential activity for an effective teacher. The form of the plan
may change according to the educational purpose of the planner. It helps
the teacher to be systematic and orderly.

A lesson plan is a plan showing the teaching points, specification to be

achieved, organization of learning activities in detail, and the actual
test items to which students are to be exposed. 

Steps Involved in Lesson – Planning

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3/5/24, 8:37 PM PEDAGOGY OF PHYSICAL SCIENCE [ Teaching of Physical Science ]

Herbart, J.F (1776-1841) suggested six formal steps for the development of a
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lesson plan.

1. Preparation or introduction
2. Presentation
3. Comparison or Association
4. Generalization
5. Application
6. Recapitulation

Learn More About Lesson Planning

BLOOMS TAXONOMY OF EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES

Bloom's Taxonomy is a classification of learning objectives within
education proposed in 1956 by a committee of educators chaired by
Benjamin Bloom who also edited the first volume of the standard text,
Taxonomy of educational objectives: the classification of educational goals.

The Taxonomy of Educational Objectives has been classified into 3

Domains:

1. Cognitive Domain
2. Affective Domain
3. Psychomotor Domain

Learn More about Bloom’s Taxonomy and Revised Boom Taxonomy

TYPES OF TEST ITEMS IN PHYSICAL SCIENCE

Essay Test
Short-Answer Question
Objective Type Question
Multiple Choice Questions
True or False Question

Matching Question

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3/5/24, 8:37 PM PEDAGOGY OF PHYSICAL SCIENCE [ Teaching of Physical Science ]

TEACHING SKILLS IN PHYSICAL

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 Ban (1961) has exactly remarked that “teaching means many different
things, that the teaching act varies from person to person and from
situation to situation”. 

Teaching is an activity like;

Imparting knowledge or skill,

It is a social act of influence, and
It is doing anything and everything that may lead to learning.

Types of Teaching Skills

1. Skill of Introduction
2. Skill of Explaining
3. Skill of Questioning
4. The skill of Varying the Stimulus
5. Non-Verbal Cues
6. Skill of Reinforcement
7. Skill of Closure
8. The skill of Fluency in Communication

Learn More about Teaching Skills

Learn More About Micro Teaching and All Microteaching Skills

WHAT IS MINI- TEACHING?

Mini-teaching is actual classroom teaching. Mini teaching is much smaller

than the usual teaching.

There is a difference between micro-teaching and mini teaching.

Microteaching breaks teaching into a set of decreases and isolated


skills.

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3/5/24, 8:37 PM PEDAGOGY OF PHYSICAL SCIENCE [ Teaching of Physical Science ]

Whereas mini teaching emphasizes the mastery and integration of

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teaching skills in a short lesson in a smaller class than the used one.

In mini teaching, a student practices a mini-lesson teaches to a minimum at

co peers for 15-20 minutes. Mini teaching can be practiced with real
students. If students available from model schools attached to the college of
education.

METHODS OF TEACHING PHYSICAL SCIENCE

Method refers to the way of delivering knowledge and transmitting scientific
skills by a teacher to his pupils. Methods of teaching physical science can be
classified into two types

1. Teacher-centered
2. Pupil Centered

TEACHER CENTERED METHODS

Lecture Method
Demonstration Method
Team Teaching

LEARNER CENTRED METHODS

Laboratory Method
Project Method
Peer Tutoring
Individual Activities
Experiential Method
Teacher Guided Learning
Problem Solving Method
Whole-Class Interactive Learning

Student Seminar
Group Discussion

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Mixed Ability Grouping

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RESOURCES FOR TEACHING PHYSICAL SCIENCE

There are various forms of print, audio, visual, ICT, and community resources
that we can use in the physical science classrooms. Some of them are

1. Newspapers
2. Journals and Magazines
3. Encyclopedias
4. Audio Tapes
5. Compact Disc (CD)
6. DVD/CD
7. Pictures
8. FlashCards
9. Charts
10. Photographs
11. Models
12. Radio
13. Television
14. Internet
15. Multimedia
16. Interactive White Board
17. Community Resources
18. Physical Science Centers
19. Physical Science Exhibition/ Fair
20. Field Trip

QUALITIES OF A GOOD PHYSICAL SCIENCE TEXTBOOK

In the teaching-learning process, the text-book occupies an important place.
There is a saying


 “As is the text-book, so is the teaching and learning”. 

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3/5/24, 8:37 PM PEDAGOGY OF PHYSICAL SCIENCE [ Teaching of Physical Science ]

A good text-book can even replace classroom teaching.

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Thurber and Collette suggested six criteria for choosing a good

textbook. They are

1. Content
2. Organization
3. Literary style vocabulary
4. Illustrations
5. Teaching aids
6. Mechanical makeup and appearance

QUALITIES OF A GOOD PHYSICAL SCIENCE TEACHER

Besides possessing the personal qualities, every Physical science teacher
should fulfill the following broad requirements.

A physical science teacher must have practical knowledge of child

psychology and of the process of learning. Knowledge of child psychology
helps a teacher to guide the students according to their interests,
capabilities, and help in educational, vocational, and personal problems.
A Physical science teacher must be trained in modern methods and
techniques of science.
A Physical science teacher must fulfill basic academic requirements.

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