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Lesson 2.1 - Understanding Normal Curve

The document discusses the normal distribution and its key properties. It defines the normal distribution as a continuous bell-shaped probability distribution with the mean, median, and mode occurring at the peak of the bell curve. It also introduces the empirical rule, which states that approximately 68% of data falls within one standard deviation of the mean, 95% within two standard deviations, and 99.7% within three standard deviations.

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Hayashida Kun
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21 views

Lesson 2.1 - Understanding Normal Curve

The document discusses the normal distribution and its key properties. It defines the normal distribution as a continuous bell-shaped probability distribution with the mean, median, and mode occurring at the peak of the bell curve. It also introduces the empirical rule, which states that approximately 68% of data falls within one standard deviation of the mean, 95% within two standard deviations, and 99.7% within three standard deviations.

Uploaded by

Hayashida Kun
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHAPTER 2: NORMAL DISTRIBUTION STATISTICS & PROBABILITY

GOOD DAY
STUDENTS
PREPARED BY:
Ms. Cyrill Anne Pascual
CHAPTER 2: Normal Distribution STATISTICS & PROBABILITY

Lesson 2.1
Understanding Normal Curve
PREPARED BY:
Ms. Cyrill Anne Pascual
LESSON OBJECTIVE

1 2 3 4
Understand the State and illustrate Sketch the graph Recognize the
concept of the the properties of a of a normal curve importance of the
normal curve normal curve distribution normal curve in
distribution distribution statistical inference
QUOTATION OF THE DAY STATISTICS & PROBABILITY

THOUGHT TO PONDER:
“If you are always trying to be
normal, you will never know how
amazing you can be.”
– Maya Angelou
DEFINITIONS STATISTICS & PROBABILITY

DEFINITION OF TERMS
Normal Random Variable
- Set of numerical values of continuous
random variables which is normally
distributed.
Normal Distribution
- A continuous probability distribution of data
that has the shape of a symmetrical bell
curve, that is why it is also called as the BELL
CURVE.
- Also called as GAUSSIAN DISTRIBUTION/
CURVE, named after Carl Gauss who created a
mathematical formula for the curve.
STATISTICS & PROBABILITY

Parameters of Normal Curve:


𝝁 −𝒎𝒆𝒂𝒏
𝝈 −𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒅𝒂𝒓𝒅 𝒅𝒆𝒗𝒊𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏

Standard Normal Distribution:


𝝁=0
𝝈=1
PROPERTIES STATISTICS & PROBABILITY

Properties of Normal Distribution:


1. Bell-shaped and symmetrical with respect
to the vertical axis.
2. Mean = Median = Mode
3. Asymptotic with respect to the horizontal
axis.
4. Total area under the curve is one. The area
represents the percentage/probability
under the curve.

5. The width of the curve is determined by


the standard deviation of the distribution.
SHAPES STATISTICS & PROBABILITY

Shapes of Normal Curve Based on Mean & Standard


Deviation:
EMPIRICAL RULE STATISTICS & PROBABILITY

Empirical Rule:
Also known as the Three Sigma Rule of the 68-95-99.7 rule.

It is a statistical rule which states that for a normal distribution, almost all
observed data will fall within 3 standard deviations from the mean.

68% of all data set falls within 1 standard deviation (𝜇±𝜎) from the mean
95% of all data set falls within 2 standard deviation (𝜇±2𝜎) from the mean
99.7% of all data set falls within 3 standard deviation (𝜇±3𝜎) from the mean

Lacking: 100% - 99.7% = .3% - outliers


EMPIRICAL RULE STATISTICS & PROBABILITY

Empirical Rule: 68% of all data set falls within 1 standard


deviation (𝜇±𝜎) from the mean
95% of all data set falls within 2 standard
deviation (𝜇±2𝜎) from the mean
99.7% of all data set falls within 3 standard
deviation (𝜇±3𝜎) from the mean
EMPIRICAL RULE STATISTICS & PROBABILITY

Illustrating Empirical Rule:


The average IQ score is 100 with a standard deviation of 15.

1. What scores falls with 68% of the


distribution?
𝟖𝟓 − 𝟏𝟏𝟓
2. What scores falls with 95% of the
distribution?
𝟕𝟎 − 𝟏𝟑𝟎
3. What scores falls with 99.7% of the
𝟓𝟓 𝟕𝟎 𝟖𝟓 𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝟏𝟏𝟓 𝟏𝟑𝟎 𝟏𝟒𝟓 distribution?
𝟓𝟓 − 𝟏𝟒𝟓
EMPIRICAL RULE STATISTICS & PROBABILITY

Understanding Empirical Rule:


The average grade of SHS students in your school is normally distributed with a mean of
84 and a standard deviation of 3.
1. What average grades fall within 68% of the
distribution?
𝟖𝟏 − 𝟖𝟕
2. If your average grade is 90, how many SD
are you away from the mean?
𝟐 𝑺𝑫 𝒉𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒆𝒓 𝒕𝒉𝒂𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒎𝒆𝒂𝒏
3. What percent of the average are between
𝟕𝟓 𝟕𝟖 𝟖𝟏 𝟖𝟒 𝟖𝟕 𝟗𝟎 𝟗𝟑 78 to 87?
𝟖𝟏. 𝟓%
EMPIRICAL RULE STATISTICS & PROBABILITY

YOU TRY:
The height of Grade 11 students are normally distributed with a mean of 170 cm and a
standard deviation of 7.5 cm. 1. Use the empirical rule to estimate the
probability of a student whose height is
taller than 177.5 cm.

2. Use the empirical rule to estimate the


probability of a student whose height is
taller than 147.5 cm.

3. Use the empirical rule to estimate the


𝟕𝟓 𝟕𝟖 𝟖𝟏 𝟏𝟕𝟎 𝟕 𝟗𝟎 𝟗𝟑 probability of a student whose height is
shorter than 162.5 cm.
EMPIRICAL RULE STATISTICS & PROBABILITY

CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING: (Asynchronous Activity)


Complete the table below using the Empirical Rule.

Standard
Mean 68% 95% 99.7%
Deviation
20 3
150 10.5
999 22
STATISTICS & PROBABILITY

SUMMARY:
Normal probability distribution is used to determine probabilities of a continuous random
variable.

A bell curve is a continuous distribution of data that is symmetrical with respect to the x-
axis. It’s total area is 1 and the mean, median, & mode coincides with one another that
divides the area into two equal parts. The width of the curve is determined by the
standard deviation of the distribution.

The Empirical Rule also known as 68-95-99.7 rule states that in normal distribution, the
data falls within 1, 2, & 3 SD from the mean are approximately 65%, 95%, 99.7%
respectively.
THANK YOU

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