KYC Manual
KYC Manual
STUDENT
GUIDE TO
RENTING
IN
N Y C
About Know Your City Table of Contents
We are a group of students interested in educating ourselves and our
peers about the implications of gentrification, tenants’ rights, and
affordable housing in New York City. As NYU brings students from
around the world to New York, we wish to learn more about how our 1 Renting: The Basic Steps
role as transient renters impacts the communities in which we are living
and how we can mitigate the effects.
3 How to Rent Consciously
For more info visit www. facebook.com/knowyourcitygroup or email
[email protected].
5 Finding an Apartment
Writers and Contributors Special Thanks
Serena Adlerstein
Robert Clinton
Becky Amato, Urban Democracy Lab
Gianpaolo Baiocchi, Urban Democracy Lab
7 Your Lease
Thomas Collins Ilana Maier, Met Council on Housing
Lauren Holter
Amy Lu
Stephanie Rudolph, The Urban Justice
Center 9 Basic Tenant Rights
Martin McNeish Akina Younge, The Urban Justice Center
Henry Topper
11 Types of Housing
Editors Made Possible By
Serena Adlerstein The Gallatin Student Resource Fund
Robert Clinton
Eva DeBeliso
13 Are you Rent Stabilized?
Lauren Holter
Martin McNeish
Stephanie Rudolph, The Urban Justice Center
14 Your Rent History:
Henry Topper Why It Matters
Graphics
Isabella Kapur
Chloe Rotenberg
17 Problems with Your Landlord
Nicole Schenkman
Step Two:
Start the Search
Step Three:
Find an Apartment
Step Five:
Read Your Lease
Step Seven:
Sign Your Lease
Step Four:
Apply for Apartment
Step Eight:
Get your rent history by calling the Division of Housing and
Community Renewal (DHCR) at 718-739-6400
1 2
How to Rent Consciously Shed any “gentrifier guilt,” while
There have been several lists published over the last few years about how taking responsibility. You are renting, and trying to
not to be a gentrifier. Odds are that if you are a young, middle to upper get by just like everybody else. It may seem like you and your neighbors
class person moving into a gentrifiying neighborhood (especially if you are have little to nothing in common, but the more you think that, the
white or of a different race than those present in the area), the long-time larger the gap between you will grow. After all, you are all tenants. That
residents will initially view you as a “gentrifer.” Who knows if there is any being said, it may feel like you are living in a neighborhood where you
way truly not to be a gentrifier, but here are some key ideas and actions to are of higher socioeconomic status than many of your neighbors. Think
keep in mind in order to most positively impact your new neighborhood. about what that means and why that is. How can you leverage your
The following steps will also help keep rent prices down throughout New power, whatever it may be, to benefit you and your neighbors? Consider
York so that you can continue to afford to live in the city! volunteering in a local school or at a community organization. Educate
yourself about the processes that may be outpricing and displacing your
Remember you Be friendly, talk neighbors.
are entering a and listen to your Take Political Action. Rents in New York are
community. People neighbors. Actions as astronomically high because government policies have encouraged
have lived in any given area for fast-paced real estate development at the market rate. While it is
years, maybe even generations. simple as smiling at people on the important to talk to your neighbors and respect the cultures that
Acknowledge your presence as a street and saying hello to your already exist within your neighborhood, that is not going to prevent
member of a greater community. neighbors will indicate that you your and their rent from continually rising. If you want to live in an
Learn about your neighborhood’s respect the neighborhood and want affordable New York, more pressure needs to be put on the
history, as well as the social to be a part of it. The more divides government to change their policies, to prevent further luxury
institutions and cultures that are that exist within the community, the developments and to save rent regulated housing. This may seem
already there.Walk around your weaker it will become, making it overwhelming, but there are simple ways to start: Attend your
new neighborhood to see what it easier for those outside the community board meetings, learn
feels like to live there. Identify community to make changes who your local politicians are,
where the stores, landmarks, without the community’s input. and research local community
parks, and libraries are. groups who are already
organizing. Begin by
attending one community
Buy local! Support the event. And it’s a great way to
local economy. Rents are going up meet your neighbors!
around the city and displacement
is a real fear for many. Help local
businesses survive and thrive. There
may not be an organic coffee shop
nearby, but there is probably a great
bodega.
3 4
Finding an Apartment
Will I use a broker?
Finding an apartment in New York can be a complicated and stressful
process. Here are some basic questions to ask yourself when starting the Using a broker will make your apartment search less stressful, but you
search: will most likely have to pay a broker fee, which may not be worth it if
you only plan on staying for a year or two. Ask your friends if they’ve
used a broker. Lots of people search for apartments each year so use
What neighborhood do I want to be in? your networks to make the process easier on yourself.
5 6
Your Lease Think about
There are some basic terms all landlords should include in a lease. Some
of these are mutually beneficial for both landlord and tenant, while others
Utilities.
relieve landlords of certain responsibilities. Here are some key things to Are gas and electricity
keep in mind: included in your rent? Do
you have to pay Con Edison
You have the Make sure you directly? Are you going to pay
right to a aren’t held liable for trash? Water? Make sure
the monthly amount due and
roommate. for preexisting what it covers is explicitly
stated.
Some landlords will expect damage.
everybody living in an apartment
to sign the lease. If three or four Inspect the unit before signing the
people are living together, the lease and ensure that you will not
safest bet is to have lose your security deposit due to
everybody sign. If it is just two pre-existing damage – a missing
people though, it is completely tile, broken blinds, etc. Get any What happens at the end of your
legal for only one person to be
on the lease in a privately owned
oral agreements in writing, and
take photos before you move lease?
building. Everyone has the right your things into the apartment.
to live with one other person. It If you love your place and want to make sure that you have the chance
is best to write up a roommate to renew after the year is up, check to see what your lease says as far as
agreement specifying your length renewal.You can ask your landlord for an automatic renewal clause.
of stay and rent amount,
especially if you are living with If a landlord does not offer you a renewal lease at the end of the term
somebody you don’t know. but also does not send you a notice terminating your lease, you become
a month-to-month tenant automatically. This means that if the landlord
wants you to leave, he/she must give 30 days’ notice.
Negotiate! If you are a rent regulated tenant (see page 12), you are entitled to a
renewal lease every year, whether or not the landlord sends you a new
Read the whole lease. If you don’t lease.
understand something, ask your you feel all conditions are fair. If you
landlord, a parent or guardian, want to paint your walls, have a cat,
or bring it to a Know Your City want a year and half long lease, you
meeting! Make sure you have the power to negotiate before
understand everything and that signing. A lease is a binding contract.
8
Basic Tenant Rights As a tenant, your rights include:
Only a marshal or sheriff with a court order can legally evict you.
A landlord cannot forcibly remove you/put your stuff on the curb. The
*While you technically have the following landlord must commence an eviction case and prevail in order to evict
rights, if you have never paid rent it would you. If you are locked out, you can call the local police precinct and ask
be nearly impossible to defend your case for the “illegal lock out unit” (always carry proof of address and a photo
in housing court. The main protection you ID to show to the officers).You can also file an “illegal lock out case” in
have is against an illegal eviction. housing court.You must be given a 30 day warning and have the right to
9
defend yourself in court.
Types of Housing Regulated Apartments
Regulations are laws that provide tenants with considerably more rights
The two types of housing it is most common for students to live in fall and protection than market-rate apartments. Rent regulation includes Rent
into two categories: Unregulated Apartments and Regulated Apartments. Stabilized and Rent Controlled apartments. It is nearly impossible to find a
rent controlled apartment, but rent stabilized apartments are still common.
As a stabilized tenant, your rights include:
13 14
Why is it important to get your
When you get your rent history, you can see for
rent history? yourself what your rent should be. For example, if
the previous tenant was paying $600/month and
As the market rate for apartments soar, landlords are motivated to move
units out of rent stabilization. When a tenant leaves a unit, the landlord
the landlord made an IAI that cost 5,000 dollars
can usually legally raise rents at least 20%. Once a unit is vacant and the total, your rent should be approximately $805/
rent is higher than $2500, it typically comes out of rent stabilization
forever. 7,597 units were deregulated throughout New York City in 2013 month.
alone.1 Landlords will often go to great lengths to remove units from rent
stabilization, offering to buy out rent regulated tenants for dollar amounts
far below what the unit is actually worth. Some landlords use far more
extreme harassment techniques, such as illegally refusing to provide basic If you believe that your rent was illegally raised, you can file a case with
services such as heat and hot water.Those tenants who do not fully the DHCR, the state agency. As complaints filed within four years of an
understand their rights as rent regulated tenants are particularly illegal rent increase are more likely to prevail, it is very important to
vulnerable to illegal harassment or inadequate buyouts. check your rent history as soon as you move into a new apartment. If the
fraudulent rent increase occurred more than four years ago, you have to
prove the landlord committed fraud to win your case. Making a showing
of fraud is significantly more onerous but tenants should try either way! It
is incredibly important to take action if you find yourself in this situation.
Landlords love students and transient renters because they tend to move
If landlords feel they can blatantly break the law, the New York housing
every 2-4 years. Sometimes all landlords need to do is get a new tenant
stock will become increasingly unaffordable for everybody.
into their units every year for 4-6 years to raise the rent above the $2500
threshold. In some cases, landlords do not properly register the rent and
register it at $2500 illegally. They do this assuming that nobody will take
the time to check or challenge them. Many landlords will falsely claim that
1 “Changes to the Rent Stabilized Housing Stock in New York City in 2013,” New York City Rent Guidlines
they performed an IAI and spent thousands of dollars on improvements, Board, 29 May 2014 < http://www.nycrgb.org/downloads/research/pdf_reports/changes2014.pdf>.
thus entitling them to a rent increase of 1/60th their costs.
Problems with your Landlord
It can seem like a hassle to go through this process.You may be
thinking, “Hey, I’ll only be here a year. I can live without an oven.”
If your landlord has neglected to fix a broken appliance, didn’t turn on your
When you report landlord abuse and negligence,
heat, hasn’t exterminated your bedbugs or has violated any of your tenants’
you not only help yourself, you help your
rights mentioned on page 10, there are two steps to undertake
neighbors.
immediately:
If the landlord is doing this to you, it’s very
Send your landlord a letter listing Report your landlord to 311. likely you’re not the only tenant he’s
your complaint(s) via certified Once you file a complaint with or she’s harassing. While a year
mail and request receipt. 311, the government agency without an oven is no big deal,
Clearly outline what the problem Housing Preservation and consider living without one
entails and that he or she has Development (HPD) should for 30 years. Consider
failed to respond to your investigate your landlord. It is trying to cook for a
previous calls, emails, etc. Use additonally important to report family of five with no
certified mail with receipt so that abusive/negligent landlords to oven. Consider not
your have proof that your help other tenants throughout having hot water
landlord has recieved the the city. The Public Advocate uses every winter. Other
complaint. It is incredibly the data collected via 311 tenants may not
important to keep a paper trail complaints to make a landlord report the landlord
should you need to go to housing watchlist so you can see which because they are
court. buildings have the worst fearful or don’t know
landlords. Note that there is the their rights.You do!
risk that your landlord will not
renew your lease if you are in an
unregulated apartment if you
continually report problems.
17 18
Know Your Neighborhood
19 20
1. The East Village & Lower East Side 2. Williamsburg & Greenpoint
Greenpoint is
a neighborhood at
the northernmost
point of Brooklyn. As
it is only served by one
subway line, the G, it is
more quiet and remote than
surrounding neighborhoods.
Like Williamsburg, Greenpoint’s
economy in the past centered around
The East Village and Lower East Side are two its now departed industrial waterfront.
historically linked neighborhoods in Manhattan, bounded by Today the neighborhood is distinguished by its large
14th Street and Canal Street to the north and south, and Bowery Polish community, which has resided there for a number
and the East River to the west and east. Historically, this area of of decades. Since Greenpoint is adjacent to the north
Manhattan had been known as a strong magnet for immigrants, side of Williamsburg, it has experienced the same
particularly Germans, Italians, and Jews. However, by the mid 20th changes as Williamsburg over the past
century, many of these initial LES dwellers moved out to the several years.
suburbs or the outer boroughs, to be replaced by mostly
Dominican and Puerto Rican immigrants. In the 1960s, the
growing migration of artists, musicians, and hippies north of Williamsburg is a neighborhood sitting just across
Houston led to the neighborhood being split and the northern the East River from Manhattan in North Brooklyn.
portion being redubbed the East Village. The East Village Williamsburg and its industrial waterfront were formerly
became home to several of the great cultural and artistic very important economically for the city, but experienced
movements in New York history, as well as the squatter significant decline as the city de-industrialized after WWII. Like
movement. After a period of decline into poverty and crime in many neighborhoods in the city, it has been home to various
the 1970s and early 1980s, the neighborhoods began to stabilize. groups throughout its history, ranging from Germans, Irish, Italians,
By the early 2000s, the neighborhoods gentrified rapidly and are and more recently, Puerto Ricans and Hasidic Jews. Although the
now among the most expensive in the city, although they are still southern portions of the neighborhood maintain much of their
the home of one of the largest clusters of public housing in the historic character, the north side of Williamsburg transformed
city. radically in the past several decades as mostly-white, affluent
transplants moved into the neighborhood, attracted by its cheap rents
and large spaces. A 2005 rezoning of the industrial waterfront allowed for
the construction of high rise condominiums, marking the beginning of a
mostly luxury construction boom that has made the
neighborhood among the most expensive in the city.
21 22
3. Bushwick 4. Crown Heights & Bed-Stuy
Bushwick is a
neighborhood in north
Brooklyn that is populated by a
mix of Hispanic families and a Bedford-Stuyvesant, more
relatively small but increasing number of commonly known as Bed-Stuy, is
young professionals. By the end of WWII, a a large neighborhood in Brooklyn
significant Puerto Rican immigrant population began wedged roughly between Broadway and
to move into the neighborhood, replacing earlier Italian Atlantic Avenue. Like Harlem, Bed-Stuy
and German families. A lengthy period of stagnation in the received a large number of southern black
neighborhood also began at this time, and Bushwick grew to be a migrants during the Great Migration, and it
symbol for urban decay and the larger disinvestment from cities. became a center of black culture in Brooklyn.
This degradation culminated in the blackout of 1977, when the The neighborhood has been known for its strong
neighborhood collapsed into arson, robbery, and looting. communities and stately housing stock. Recently, some
Bushwick grappled with this reputation throughout the 80’s of these brownstones have been selling for a few million
and early 90s, when it remained one of the poorest and dollars, forming a sharp contrast against the poverty that
most dangerous neighborhoods in the city. However, midway is still very common in the area.
through the 1990s, the citywide drop in crime shone light
on Bushwick and conditions began to improve vastly. In
the 2000s, the area began to gentrify as rental
prices in neighboring Williamsburg increased Crown
dramatically. While the neighborhood remains Heights is a
comparatively affordable, the rates of Brooklyn neighborhood
development and rent increases have risen located south of Atlantic
exponentially since 2010, and with Avenue and to the northeast of Prospect
them the chances of displacement Park. Though the neighborhood was a suburb for the
of long-standing populations wealthy in the 19th century, it also became impoverished like
in the neighborhood. much of Brooklyn after WWII. Around this time the black population
grew, but perhaps more distinctly for the neighborhood it became home to many
migrants from the Caribbean. More recently there has been a growing Hasidic
Jewish community. In the 1990s, the neighborhood was plagued by conflict
between these groups that led to riots, but these subsided and the
neighborhood has eased into a more comfortable diversity in the
2000s. Being close to downtown Brooklyn and Prospect Park,
Crown Heights has been experiencing increased
gentrification in the past few years.
23 24
5. Harlem 6. Astoria & Long Island City
25 26
Resources
The NYC Rent Guidelines Board (RGB) is mandated to establish rent http://landlordwatchlist.com/
adjustments for the approximately one million dwelling units subject to
the Rent Stabilization Law in New York City. The Board holds an annual
series of public meetings and hearings to consider research from staff,
and testimony from owners, tenants, advocacy groups and industry
experts.
http://www.nycrgb.org/
27 28
Tenant Advocacy Organizations
NY State Tenant & Neighborhood Coalition is a grassroots Met Council on Housing (Tenant Help Hotline) is a tenants’ rights
organization that helps tenants build and effectively wield their power to membership organization that fights for a city where everyone has access
preserve at-risk affordable housing and to strengthen tenants’ rights in to safe, decent, affordable housing. They operate a number of
New York. They are a coalition of five advocacy groups that address issues tenant-assistance programs including a tenants’ rights telephone hotline,
relating to gentrification and displacement of low and moderate-income a Help & Answers information page on their website, and a walk-in clinic
people. that is free and open to any New York City Tenant.
29 30
Community Boards Manhattan CB 11:
East Harlem
Community Board #11 - Office
1664 Park Avenue, Ground Floor
New York, NY 10035
There are a total of 59 Community Boards in the five boroughs. Phone: (212) 831-8929
Community Boards conduct essential work for the city government, http://www.cb11m.org
providing a voice to the various neighborhoods in NYC. Community
Board responsibilities vary, but they help the City government resolve Brooklyn CB 1: Community Board #1 – Office
issues such as land use and zoning; they also advocate for the needs and Williamsburg, Greenpoint 435 Graham Avenue
community concerns of their own neighborhoods. They do not have the Brooklyn, NY 11211
ability to order the City agency to perform tasks; however, Community Phone: (718) 389-0009
Boards influence City government to resolve the problems they address. http://www.nyc.gov/brooklyncb1
Anyone can attend a Community Board meeting! Community Boards Brooklyn CB 3: Community Board #3 - Office
hold general Full Board meetings the third week of each month to Bedford-Stuyvesant, Stuyvesant 1360 Fulton Street
discuss issues and updates spearheaded by Community Board Heights, and Ocean Hill Brooklyn, NY 11216
Subcommittees. Subcommittees meet once a month to discuss items on Phone: 718-622-6601
their own agendas. Each Community Board usually releases the agenda http://www.cb3brooklyn.org
for the monthly meeting at least one week before the beginning of each
month. Brooklyn CB 4: Community Board #4 – Office
Bushwick 1420 Bushwick Avenue, Suite 370
Here are some of the community boards for neighborhoods students Brooklyn, NY 11207
commonly live in. If your community board isn’t listed here, find it at Phone: (718) 628-8400
www.nyc.gov/html/cau/html/cb/cb.shtml http://www.nyc.gov/brooklyncb4
Manhattan CB 10: Community Board #10 – Office Queens CB 5: Community Board #5 – Office
Central Harlem 215 W. 125th Street, 4th Floor Glendale, Maspeth, Middle Village, 61-23 Myrtle Avenue
New York, NY 10027 Ridgewood Glendale, NY 11385
Phone: (212) 749-3105 Phone: (718) 366-1834
http://www.nyc.gov/html/mancb10/ Email: [email protected]