9) Open the Employee_data.sav file!

and analyse the following in SPSS and R

Transform / Select Data

I .What is the proportion of custodials?

II. What is the proportion of women within managers?

Graphs

1. Create a column diagram about the proportion of Employees Grouped By Gender!

Embellish the graph! Put the value of proportions into the chart!

1. For creating a bar chart, choose Graphs / Legacy Dialogs / Bar Charts / Simple from
menus.
2. Then select a variable for the category axis gender).
3. Choose % of cases from the Bars Represent frame to display the proportion of
respondents.

2. Transform the bar chart into a pie chart!

1. To transform a chart, click the previously edited bar chart in the Chart Editor and
 2. Select the Properties from the menus: Edit / Properties / Variables / Element Type and
choose Pie

3. Create a scatter plot about month since hire and beginning salary if you set markers by
gender! Embellish the graph!

1. For creating Scatter plot choose Graphs / Legacy Dialogs / Scatter/Dot…, and then
Simple scatter plot should be chosen.
2.
4. Create a scatter plot about month since hire and previous experience if you set markers
by employment category! Embellish the graph!

1. For creating Scatter plot choose Graphs / Legacy Dialogs / Scatter/Dot…, and then
Simple scatter plot should be chosen.
5. Define simple box plot about previous experience! Embellish the graph!
1. For creating a box plot choose create: Graphs / Legacy Dialogs / Boxplot. Choose simple
chart to create a plot of one variable.
2. Summaries of separate variables are chosen from Data in Chart are frame.
3. Add Previous Experience to the Boxes represent
6. Define simple box plot about the month since hire categorized by the employment
category! Embellish the graph!

1. For creating categorized box plot choose create: Graphs / Legacy Dialogs / Boxplot.
2. Choose the clustered box plot, where data in chart are summaries for groups of cases.
3. The selected variable is the month since hire and the employment category is on the
category axis.
4. The clusters are defined by gender.
7. Define box plot about the previous experience categorized by the employment
category clustered by gender! Embellish the graph!

1. For creating categorized box plot choose create: Graphs / Legacy Dialogs / Boxplot.
2. Choose the clustered box plot, where data in chart are summaries for groups of cases.
3. The selected variable is the previous experience and the employment category is on the
category axis.
4. The clusters are defined by gender.
8. Create a graph to test the normal distribution of beginning salary!
Central Tendencies, Measures of Distribution, Measures of Asymmetry

9. Define the central tendencies of month since hire!

1. Select Analyze / Descriptive Statistics  Frequencies  Add month since hire to
the variable
2. Click Statistics and choose Mean, median, Mode, Sum from the Central Tendency
Frame.
3. Click Ok.
10) Define the characteristics of distribution of previous experience!

Previous Experience (months)

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid .00 1 4.0 4.0 4.0
17.00 1 4.0 4.0 8.0
24.00 1 4.0 4.0 12.0
26.00 1 4.0 4.0 16.0
34.00 1 4.0 4.0 20.0
36.00 1 4.0 4.0 24.0
48.00 2 8.0 8.0 32.0
66.00 1 4.0 4.0 36.0
67.00 1 4.0 4.0 40.0
70.00 1 4.0 4.0 44.0
75.00 1 4.0 4.0 48.0
103.00 1 4.0 4.0 52.0
 114.00 1 4.0 4.0 56.0
115.00 1 4.0 4.0 60.0
124.00 1 4.0 4.0 64.0
137.00 1 4.0 4.0 68.0
138.00 1 4.0 4.0 72.0
143.00 1 4.0 4.0 76.0
144.00 1 4.0 4.0 80.0
171.00 1 4.0 4.0 84.0
190.00 1 4.0 4.0 88.0
244.00 1 4.0 4.0 92.0
315.00 1 4.0 4.0 96.0
381.00 1 4.0 4.0 100.0
Total 25 100.0 100.0

11) What is the average salary of employees belonging to the minority?

1. Click Analyze -> Descriptive Statistics -> Descriptives

2. Drag the current salary from the left into the Variables box on the right
3. Click Options, and select Mean and Standard Deviation
4. Press Continue, and then press OK
5. Result will appear in the SPSS output viewer

Descriptive Statistics
N Mean
Current Salary 7 $25,007.1429
Valid N (listwise) 7

Correlation and Linear Regression

12) Is there any relation between previous experience and month since hire?

1. Previous experience and month since hire are quantitative variables, so the relationship
between them is a correlation, thus the correlation coefficient should be calculated.
2. From the menus choose Analyze / Correlate / Bivariate. For quantitative, normally
distributed variables, choose the Pearson correlation coefficient.

Descriptive Statistics
Mean Std. Deviation N
Months since Hire 97.5600 .50662 25
Previous Experience 113.2000 93.11328 25
(months)

Correlations
Previous
Months since Experience
Hire (months)
Months since Hire Pearson Correlation 1 .163
Sig. (2-tailed) .437
Sum of Squares and Cross- 6.160 184.200
products
Covariance .257 7.675
N 25 25
Previous Experience Pearson Correlation .163 1
(months) Sig. (2-tailed) .437
Sum of Squares and Cross- 184.200 208082.000
products
Covariance 7.675 8670.083
N 25 25

13) Determine a linear relation between the month since hire and previous experience of
employees!

In a linear regression analysis, the dependent variable (also called the response variable) is the
variable user trying to predict or explain, while the independent variable (also called the
predictor variable) is the variable used to make those predictions.

In the context of determining a linear relation between the month since hire and previous
experience of employees:

 Dependent variable: Previous experience of employees.

 Independent variable: Month since hire.

The goal of this analysis is to understand how the month since hire (independent variable) affects
the previous experience of employees (dependent variable). The linear regression model will
estimate the relationship between these two variables, allowing to predict the previous
experience of an employee based on how long they have been hired.

1. To obtain a linear regression analysis, choose Analyze / Regression / Linear.

 Coefficientsa
Unstandardized Standardized
Coefficients Coefficients
Model B Std. Error Beta t Sig.
1 (Constant) -2804.097 3689.053 -.760 .455
Months since 29.903 37.813 .163 .791 .437
Hire
a. Dependent Variable: Previous Experience (months)
14)Define a 90% confidence interval for its b0 and b1 parameters!

Variables Entered/Removeda
Variables Variables
Model Entered Removed Method
1 Months since . Enter
b
Hire
a. Dependent Variable: Previous Experience (months)
b. All requested variables entered.

Model Summary
Adjusted R Std. Error of the
Model R R Square Square Estimate
1 .163a .026 -.016 93.84862
a. Predictors: (Constant), Months since Hire

ANOVAa
Model Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
1 Regression 5508.058 1 5508.058 .625 .437b
Residual 202573.942 23 8807.563
Total 208082.000 24
a. Dependent Variable: Previous Experience (months)
b. Predictors: (Constant), Months since Hire

Coefficientsa
Unstandardized Standardized 90.0% Confidence Interval for
Coefficients Coefficients B
Model B Std. Error Beta t Sig. Lower Bound Upper Bound
1 (Constant) -2804.097 3689.053 -.760 .455 -9126.661 3518.466

Months since Hire 29.903 37.813 .163 .791 .437 -34.903 94.709

a. Dependent Variable: Previous Experience (months)

15) Define a 90% confidence interval for the y variable!

In linear regression:

a) The y variable is the dependent variable. This is the variable used

to predict or explain based on the independent variable(s).
b) The x variable(s) are the independent variable(s). These are the variables used
to predict or explain the y variable.

Variables Entered/Removeda
Variables Variables
Model Entered Removed Method
1 Months since . Enter
Hireb
a. Dependent Variable: Previous Experience (months)
b. All requested variables entered.

Coefficientsa
90.0% Confidence Interval for B
Model Lower Bound Upper Bound
1 (Constant) -9126.661 3518.466
Months since Hire -34.903 94.709
a. Dependent Variable: Previous Experience (months)
10). Open the Cars.sav file!

Transform / Select Data

a) How old are the cars? Create a new variable as age!

1. Choose Transform / Compute Variable
2. Type the name of target variable as, age and type 2024-year in the Expression field.
3. Click Ok.

b) What is the ratio of American, European and Japanese cars within cars with higher
consumption than 20 miles per gallon?

1. Choose: Analyze / Descriptive Statistics / Frequencies… Select the variable, Country

of Origin and then press OK.

Country of Origin
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid American 253 62.3 62.5 62.5
European 73 18.0 18.0 80.5
Japanese 79 19.5 19.5 100.0
Total 405 99.8 100.0
Missing System 1 .2
Total 406 100.0

c) What is the ratio of those American cars which have 4-6-8 cylinders?

Estimation and Hypothesis Testing

a) Define a 95% confidence interval for the vehicle weight!

1. To define a confidence interval choose Analyze / Compare Means / One Sample T Test.
2. Choose the variable vehicle_weight as the Test_variable.
3. Click on Options to set the confidence level as 95%.
4. After clicking on OK, the results will be appeared in the Output window.
b) Define a 90% confidence interval for the horsepower!

c) Define a 98% confidence interval for the time to accelerate!