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Health Disorde1

Cardiovascular disorders are caused by risk factors like unhealthy diet, smoking, and inactivity. They affect the heart and blood vessels, increasing blood pressure and glucose/lipid levels. The main types are coronary heart disease, heart failure, arrhythmias, heart valve problems, stroke, and congenital heart disease. Respiratory disorders impact the lungs from pathogens, pollution, and other environmental factors. Major types involve asthma, COPD, bronchitis, emphysema, lung cancer, cystic fibrosis, pneumonia, COVID-19, and tuberculosis. Kidney disorders occur when the kidneys fail to remove waste, potentially leading to failure. Risks include diabetes and high blood pressure. Common

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10 views

Health Disorde1

Cardiovascular disorders are caused by risk factors like unhealthy diet, smoking, and inactivity. They affect the heart and blood vessels, increasing blood pressure and glucose/lipid levels. The main types are coronary heart disease, heart failure, arrhythmias, heart valve problems, stroke, and congenital heart disease. Respiratory disorders impact the lungs from pathogens, pollution, and other environmental factors. Major types involve asthma, COPD, bronchitis, emphysema, lung cancer, cystic fibrosis, pneumonia, COVID-19, and tuberculosis. Kidney disorders occur when the kidneys fail to remove waste, potentially leading to failure. Risks include diabetes and high blood pressure. Common

Uploaded by

sherpanawang41
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Health disorder:

Cardiovascular disorder:

They are group of disorders of heart and blood vessels. The risk factors are unhealthy diet, physical
inactivity, tobacco use, alcohol use. Their effects are increased blood pressure, high level of blood
glucose and lipids. There are some cardiovascular disease, they are:

1. Coronary heart disease (CHD)

2. Heart failure

3. Arrhythmia (tachycardia, bradycardia)

4. Heart valve problems

5. Stroke

6. Congenital heart disease

1. Coronary heart disease


It is related to coronary arteries which supply blood to muscles of heart. If coronary artery
becomes blocked, it affect to cardiac muscles and damage the heart causing heart attack.

2. Heart failure
It is chronic condition in which cardiac muscles is unable to pump enough blood and properly
that leads to heart attack.

3. Arrhythmia
It is the problem that affect the rate or rhythm of heart i.e. heart beat may either too fast
(tachycardia) or too slow (bradycardia).

4. Heart valve problems


It occurs when the valve is not working properly in that case, the blood may leak or may not
open.

Sometime, unusual heartbeat may happen, this condition is called heart murmur.

5. Stroke
It is caused due to the lack of flow of blood to the brain due to problem in blood vessels.

6. Congenital heart disease


It is a defect in the structure of heart or blood vessels that are present in birth. This cases may
occur when something affect during pregnancy that may lead to the effect in normal heart’s
development.

Respiratory disorders
It is disease that may affect respiratory organs including lungs which may due to pathogen,
environmental condition and pollution. There are some respiratory disorders which are as
follows:
1) Asthma
2) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
3) Cystic bronchitis
4) Emphysema
5) Lung cancer
6) Cystic fibrosis
7) Pneumonia
8) Corona virus disease
9) Tuberculosis

1. Asthma
It is a chronic disorder causing swelling of interior bronchial walls by the inhalation of
particles from air.in and asthma attack, bronchial wall tighten that restrict normal air flow
into and out from lungs .asthma suffers wheeze, cough and have difficulty in breathing
during an attack.

2. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)


It is and another chronic respiratory disease caused due to cigarette smoke and other
inhaled pollutants. It is caused by long term exposure to substance as inhaled pollutants;
smoke that may initiate and damage the lungs.

3. Chronic bronchitis
It is long term inflammation of bronchi due to long time exposure to cigarette smoke.

4. Emphysema
It is type of COPD which destroy the walls of alveoli of lungs that create problem in
exchanging of oxygen and carbon dioxide. The symptoms are: shortness of breath,
coughing, wheezing.

5. Lung cancer
It is also known as lung carcinoma or malignant lung tumor is characterized by uncontrolled
and unnecessary growth of tissues in lungs.

6. Cystic fibrosis / bronchiectasis:


It is chronic lung disorder characterized by abnormal widening and scarring of bronchial
tubes. It is characterized by cough, excessive sputum production and recurrent pulmonary
infections

7. Pneumonia
Pneumonia is infection that may cause by bacteria and virus which inflames air sacs of one
or both lungs. It is characterized by air sac with pus, cough with pus, fever chills and
difficulty in breathing.

8. Coronavirus disease (covid 19)


It is pandemic and severe disease with acute respiratory syndrome. It is characterized by
fever, headache, fatigue, breathing difficulty, cough, and loss of smell and taste.

9. Pulmonary tuberculosis
It is bacterial infection caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis that effect lungs.

Renal disorder
It is the condition in which kidney are not able to remove the waste material from blood
that may resulting kidney failure. The risk factors are diabetes, high blood pressure and
various chronic disease.
The common renal disorders are as follows:
1. Chronic disease
2. Kidney stones
3. Polycystic kidney disease
4. Urinary tract infection

1. Chronic disease
It is most common kidney disease which includes nephritis and nephrosis. Nephritis
is a non-inflammatory kidney disease. The major risk factors are hypertension,
diabetes that may damage blood vessels in kidney may lead to kidney failure.

2. Kidney stones (nephrolithiasis)


It is common kidney problem which occurs when minerals or salts and other
substances inside kidney, forming solid masses called stones.it may cause to due
diet, excessive body weight.

3. Polycystic kidney disease


It is an inherited disorder in which cluster of cyst develop in kidney may enlarge
kidney leads to make kidney disfunctional. It is caused by abnormal genes i.e.
autosomal dominant

4. Urinary tract infection (UTI)


They are bacterial and protozoan infections of part of urinary system (such as
urinary bladder, urethra).If it is left untreated, these infection may spread to kidney
and cause kidney failure.

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